Bamboo paper making techniques

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: bamboo paper making techniques

Applicant: Jiajiang County, Sichuan Province

Project No.: 421

Project No.: VIII - 71

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: traditional art

Region: Sichuan Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Jiajiang County, Sichuan Province

Protection unit: Jiajiang Cultural Center

Introduction to bamboo paper making technology:

Applicant: Jiajiang County, Sichuan Province

Papermaking is one of the four great inventions in ancient China. Jiajiang County in Sichuan Province and Fuyang City in Zhejiang Province are important producing areas of bamboo paper.

The environment of Jiajiang is suitable for the growth of bamboo. In the Tang Dynasty, the local people began to make paper with bamboo materials by hand. Bamboo paper making techniques flourished in the Ming Dynasty and flourished in the Qing Dynasty. Since the Tang Dynasty, Jiajiang has been known as "the hometown of Shu paper". Jiajiang paper is famous for its good quality, variety, large scale and fine technology. It was once designated as tribute paper by Emperor Kangxi.

Jiajiang bamboo paper is made by hand. There are 15 links and 72 processes from material selection to paper-making, which is consistent with the record of "heavenly craft opens things and kills green" in Ming Dynasty. Jiajiang hand-made calligraphy and painting paper made of tender bamboo has the characteristics of white and soft, infiltrating ink, fine fiber, soft and smooth. It is as famous as Anhui Xuan paper. It was once praised as "the second treasure of the country" by Zhang Daqian, a master of traditional Chinese painting.

With the changes of the times, the production of Jiajiang handmade paper is facing crisis, the supply of raw materials is difficult, and the inheritance is lack of people. Although there are more than 1000 paper mills in Jiajiang County, the traditional manual paper production in the strict sense is rare. Therefore, it is necessary to protect, rescue and excavate Jiajiang bamboo paper making technology, an intangible cultural heritage with historical, cultural and scientific value.

Fuyang, Zhejiang Province, is known as the "hometown of native paper". Its bamboo paper manufacturing technology began in the Southern Song Dynasty and has been handed down from generation to generation for more than 1000 years. At present, Fuchun bamboo paper is mainly produced in the mountainous area on the South Bank of Fuchun River, Qingyun, Longyang, Xindeng and other places.

Fuchun bamboo paper has the characteristics of soft paper, even if it is rolled for a long time, it will not appear ink Chongqing phenomenon, and it is not easy to be eaten by beetles. Historically, the famous products of Fuchun bamboo paper have been sold in China and exported to Japan, South Korea, Singapore, the Philippines and other countries. Among them, Changshan paper won the highest special product title of the Ministry of agriculture and Commerce in 1915 and the second prize of Panama International Commodity Fair, the third prize of Beijing International Commodity Fair in 1926, Jingfang paper won the second prize of Panama International Commodity Fair in 1915 and the third prize of Beijing International Commodity Fair in 1926, Yuanshu paper and Wujin paper won the special prize of Hangzhou West Lake Fair in 1929, and yellow paper and 5000 yuan paper won the West Lake Fair in 1929 The first prize of the Expo.

On the basis of inheriting the traditional papermaking techniques of our country, Fuchun bamboo paper has formed a set of unique production techniques, such as "human urine fermentation" in pulping techniques, and "swinging curtain and beating waves" in papermaking techniques, which are unique in Fuyang bamboo paper production and are not found in other bamboo paper production areas. Fuchun bamboo paper making technology is the wisdom crystallization of Fuyang paper craftsmen in the long-term production practice, and it is also an important case of inheriting and carrying forward the great invention of papermaking technology in ancient China.

Along with the inheritance of Fuchun papermaking technology, Fuyang also derived the annual sacrifice to Cai Lun, paper proverbs, folk songs and long folk ballad "Zhu San and Liu Erjie" and other folk cultural content, which shows that Fuyang papermaking technology contains profound historical and cultural connotation.

At present, some people still follow the traditional papermaking techniques to produce bamboo paper, but due to a variety of reasons, the production is in a dilemma. In addition, most of the papermakers are old, and the traditional techniques of Fuchun bamboo paper are on the verge of extinction.