Dongba painting of Naxi Nationality

Name of Chinese national intangible cultural heritage: Naxi Dongba painting

Applicant: Lijiang City, Yunnan Province

Item No.: 312

Project No.: Ⅶ - 13

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: traditional art

Region: Yunnan Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Lijiang City, Yunnan Province

Protection unit: Lijiang Cultural Center

Introduction to Dongba painting of Naxi Nationality:

Applicant: Lijiang City, Yunnan Province

Dongba painting is an important part of Naxi Dongba culture and art, spread in Lijiang City and Yulong Naxi Autonomous County of Yunnan Province. Taking the gods, ancestors and animals in Naxi folk belief as the main content, it shows the harmonious relationship between man and nature, mainly in the form of scroll painting, wooden card painting, card painting and scroll painting.

Dongba's Scripture scroll pictures include Dongba's picture words, cover binding pictures, the title page of the scripture book and the title picture, etc. Dongba's wooden card painting is an image drawn on the surface of the simplified wooden card. It is mainly used for the Naxi people's sacrifice activities. It has a close relationship with the ancient Qiang people's "human face shaped wooden card" in Northwest China during the Han Dynasty. Dongba's card paintings take homemade clay paper as the carrier, which mainly includes two types, one is the painted gods, or erected in the altar for worship, or worn on the head of the priest; the other is the painting ceremony, or used as the painter's standard, or used as the teaching book of painting inheritance, which has many kinds and can form its own system. Most of Dongba's scroll paintings are painted on hemp cloth or native cloth, surrounded by blue cloth, with a sky pole on the top and a ground axis on the bottom. Most of the paintings are about the gods believed by Naxi people. On the basis of inheriting Naxi traditional painting, scroll painting draws lessons from Tibetan, Han and other ethnic painting techniques, and absorbs Buddhist and Taoist cultural elements, especially the characteristics of Tibetan Thangka statue art since Yuan and Ming Dynasties, forming a new painting form. The scroll painting "shenlu Tu" is a magnificent masterpiece in Dongba painting art. It is more than ten meters long and consists of more than one hundred pieces of divided comic strips. The straight scroll depicts more than 360 characters and animals. The scene is grand, the momentum is spectacular and the skill is superb. It reflects the immortal life consciousness of Naxi people and the ethical concept of perfecting life.

Dongba paintings are mainly made of wood chips, Dongba paper, linen and so on. They use self-made bamboo pen dipped in pine smoke ink to sketch the corridor, and then apply various natural colors. They are gorgeous and colorful. They have not faded after hundreds of years. His painting image has a strong sense of primitive, with lines as the main performance, and does not pay attention to the external body proportion of things, but it is simple and vivid, strange and treacherous, wild and interesting, and the colors are mostly primary colors, bright and dazzling. Many pictures are both pictorial and pictorial, and retain the strong characteristics of pictographic writing. They are "living fossils" for the study of human primitive painting art.