Huaibang

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: huaibang

Applicant: Qinyang City, Henan Province

Item No.: 169

Project No.: Ⅳ - 25

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: Traditional Drama

Region: Henan Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Qinyang City, Henan Province

Protection unit: Qinyang huaibang art protection and inheritance Center

About huaibang:

Applicant: Qinyang City, Henan Province

Huaibang is an ancient and rare local opera in Henan Province. It originated from the old huaiqingfu (now Qinyang), so it is called huaibang. It is commonly known as huaiqingbang, laohuaibang, Xiaobang (ban) opera and huaidiao. It is mainly popular in Qinyang, Boai, Jiyuan, Mengzhou, Wenxian, Wuzhi, Xiuwu, Yuanyang, Huojia, Jiaozuo and Xinxiang in Henan Province. Its predecessor was the sea god drama evolved from the round table rap and praying for rain, which was formed in the Hongwu and Yongle years of Ming Dynasty. Most of the original residents of Hanoi County moved from Hongdong, Shanxi Province, so Haishen opera maintained the performance form of Shanxi opera, combined with the local customs and dialects in Hanoi, and gradually formed a kind of vocal opera close to Shanxi middle road Bangzi and with the characteristics of Huaiqing Prefecture. The repertoire, singing, recitation, music and other aspects have strong local color.

There are more than 300 traditional operas in huaibang, most of which are Shuangsheng, Shuangdan and shuanghualian. The representative operas are anti Xijing, Guhuai case, Zhang Chun drunk, old and young exchange, hongzhunv, zhuqin San, yuanmenzhanzi, jiutouan, taohuaan, fengyiting, laozhengdong, wunvbaishou, etc. Most of these traditional plays have no scripts, and they are all handed down by the way of old artists.

No matter in music or performing arts, huaibang has its own unique style. It belongs to the banqiang style. When singing, it needs to beat the rhythm with jujube clappers. The lyrics are mostly seven character sentences, cross sentences and long and short sentences. The top and bottom correspond, rhyme the same way, and the structure is basically regular. Huaibang expresses its words in dialect, and its singing is impassioned. According to the needs of the plot, it often has a high octave "back voice". There are five types of Banban: Adagio, 28ban, Liushui Banban, Sanban and non Banban. The accompaniment instruments include Daxian, Banhu, Yueqin, Guban and gongs. Huai Bangsheng, Dan, Jing, Mo, ugliness when complete, rough and unrestrained performance, good performance of civil and military with playing Python rely on shelf play.

Because of the unique artistic form of huaibang, it plays an important role to strengthen the excavation, rescue and protection of huaibang operas, to carry forward the national culture, to strengthen the research on the system of Chinese opera tunes, and to enrich and perfect the history of Chinese drama. However, in the current situation, the social basis for huaibang's survival and development has changed, and there are serious phenomena such as the downturn of the performance market and the job hopping of actors. The whole drama is facing the situation of lack of successors, and needs to take measures to rescue and protect it as soon as possible.