Shengshan forest farm, Aihui District, Heihe City, Heilongjiang Province

Shengshan Forest Farm

Shengshan forest farm is located in the southwest of Heihe City, 124 kilometers away from Heihe city. It is under the jurisdiction of Aihui District Forestry Bureau of Heihe city. Its geographical coordinates are 126 ° 36 ′ 47 ″ - 126 ° 55 ′ 20 ″ e, 49 ° 24 ′ 47 ″ - 49 ° 35 ′ 00 ″ n. The forest farm borders on Sunwu County in the southeast, Nenjiang County in the southwest, Daling forest farm in Aihui District in the west, and Sanzhan forest farm in Aihui District in the north. The administrative region belongs to erzhan township. The forest farm is located in the north slope of Xiaoxing'an Mountains, which is the transition zone between big and small Xing'an Mountains. It is high in the southwest and bottom in the northeast. The terrain is flat and the top of the mountain is round. The landform type is low mountain. The highest peak is located in songmu mountain of guosonggou, with an altitude of 733 meters, and the lowest is 353 meters, with a relative elevation difference of 400 meters. The slope is gentle, generally about 10 ° and about 40 ° in some sections.

General situation of physical geography

river system

For the Heilongjiang river system, rivers crisscross, the South River upstream of Xuhe River, a tributary of Heilongjiang, originates from the forest farm. The seasonal variation of water flow is large, with the largest flow in rainy season and wide water surface.

climate

It belongs to the continental climate of cold temperate zone, with cold and long winter, warm and rainy summer and short and warm and wet autumn. The maximum temperature is 36 ℃, the minimum temperature is - 40.7 ℃, the annual average temperature is - 2 ℃, the frost free period is 80-90 days, the annual precipitation is 550-620mm, the annual sunshine hours are 2500-2600 hours, and the annual accumulated temperature ≥ 10 ℃ is 1600-1800 ℃. Early frost in September, late frost in early May. The forest farm is surrounded by mountains, forming a relatively closed small area, with local small ecological environment and obvious climatic characteristics, especially high humidity.

soil

There are three soil types, mainly dark brown soil, covering an area of 12968 hectares, followed by meadow soil and swamp soil. The dark brown soil can be divided into three sub types, i.e. 8608 hectares of typical dark brown soil. It is mainly distributed in the marginal zone of the middle and upper part of the gentle slope with good drainage, and the thickness of layer a is 5-20 cm; 4042 hectares of meadow dark brown soil is mainly distributed in the gentle zone of the lower part of the mountain, and the thickness of layer a is 5-25 cm; 318 hectares of original dark brown soil is distributed in the upper part of the steep slope, and the thickness of layer a is about 5 cm. Meadow soil is mainly distributed in bank terrace and valley edge, while swamp soil is mainly distributed in valley.

vegetation

It belongs to the eastward extension part of the cold temperate coniferous forest in Daxing'an Mountains. It is composed of the cold temperate coniferous forest dominated by Larix gmelinii, and mixed with the temperate broad-leaved tree species in Xiaoxing'an Mountains. It has the characteristics of flora crisscross and transition between Daxing'an Mountains and Xiaoxing'an Mountains. The main tree species are Larix gmelinii, Betula platyphylla, oak, Korean pine, spruce, Populus davidiana, and the shrubs are mainly hazelnut, Lespedeza, Populus tomentosa, etc Spiraea, Rhododendron, Diospyros kaki, Rosa davurica and other herbs, including Carex Wusuli, Carex tatatou, pteridophytes, Adenophora, lily of the valley, funnel vegetables, Sanguisorba officinalis, Cimicifuga, Thalictrum, etc. Among them, there are more than 10 kinds of herbs, such as Schisandra chinensis, acanthopanax senticosus, three needles, and more than 10 kinds of fungi, such as Hericium erinaceus, Tricholoma yuan, and hazelnut mushroom.

wild animal

There are rabbit, wolf, bear, moose, badger, forest frog, roe deer, fox, pheasant, flying dragon, wild duck and so on.

Social and economic situation

The forest farm has a population of 339 and 134 employees, including 8 cadres and 6 engineering and technical personnel. The fixed assets are 1.35 million yuan. Since its establishment, the state has invested 1.089 million yuan and paid 14.77 million yuan in profits and taxes.

Status of forest resources

General situation of forest resources

The total management area is 15495 hectares, and the forestry land is 14001 hectares, including 12705 hectares of woodland, 390 hectares of open woodland, 921 hectares of shrubbery and 10 hectares of unfinished woodland. The total volume of forest standing trees is 1194770 cubic meters. The forest coverage rate is 82%.

Stand type

Among the forest resources, the natural forest covers an area of 12630 hectares, with a volume of 11900000 cubic meters, accounting for 99.4% and 99.6% of the forest area and volume respectively. The main forest types are Korean pine forest with an area of 501 hectares and a volume of 102130 cubic meters; Larch Forest with an area of 2395 hectares and a volume of 281050 cubic meters; oak forest with an area of 681 hectares and a volume of 44820 cubic meters; birch forest with an area of 4445 hectares and a volume of 354880 cubic meters; poplar forest with an area of 413 hectares and a volume of 33550 cubic meters; needle mixed forest with an area of 103 hectares and a volume of 9790 cubic meters; soft broad-leaved mixed forest with an area of 3061 hectares and a volume of 9790 cubic meters It has a total area of 233520 cubic meters and a total area of 1031 hectares with a total volume of 130260 cubic meters. There are 75 hectares of larch plantations with a total volume of 4770 cubic meters.

Division of forest classified management

In forestry land, the total area of ecological public welfare forest is 14001 hectares, accounting for 100% of forestry land. Among them, 10885 hectares of key public welfare forest are defined by zoning, accounting for 77.7% of forestry land; 3116 hectares of general public welfare forest are defined by zoning, accounting for 22.3% of forestry land.

Forestry production and construction

The forest farm was built in 1977. It was under the jurisdiction of the south central forest farm of Aihui County Forestry Bureau before it was built. Since 1958, the central forest farm has taken measures to protect and close the mountains for afforestation, and only in 1964 did it start timber production. In 1987, with the approval of the provincial forestry department, Shengshan forest farm was designated as the improved variety base of Larix gmelinii and Pinus koraiensis. The former forest farm which mainly focused on timber production was transformed into one which paid equal attention to timber production and improved variety production. It will be approved as a provincial nature reserve in the near future.

Silvicultural production

A total of 250000 cubic meters of commercial forest and 8300 cubic meters of timber are produced. At present, it is reduced to 3200 cubic meters of timber and 85 hectares of reforestation. There are 4416 square meters of brick and tile structure public and civil buildings in the forest farm, including 360 square meters of offices, 2995 square meters of family rooms, 590 square meters of warehouses, 150 square meters of schools, 375 square meters of canteens and guest houses, and 200 square meters of factory buildings. There are 2 cars, 1 30 loader, 1 rubber wheel 55 type, 1 Dongfanghong chain track tractor and 1 motorcycle. There are 1 reinforced fire tower, 1 turntable, 1 radio station, 5 hand-held walkie talkies and 8 wind fire extinguishers. It is equipped with CCTV, computer, telephone and other facilities.

development direction

First, through the implementation of the national key forest ecological benefit subsidy pilot project, focusing on the protection and improvement of the environment, and aiming at the establishment of a relatively complete forestry ecosystem and a relatively developed forestry industrial system. Second, relying on the advantages of the nature reserve and according to the requirements of the nature reserve, we should vigorously build Korean pine forest and expand the area of Korean pine forest. The state plans to establish moose breeding base in the nature reserve to expand the number of this population.

Forest Farm Manager

Guo Wenfeng