Tumen Town, Yiyuan County, Shandong Province

Tumen town

Tumen town is located in the northwest of Yiyuan County, Shandong Province. It borders Sancha Township and Yuezhuang town in the East, Laiwu City and Boshan District in the West and North, and Nanma and Lucun towns in the south. It is 8.3km away from the county. The total area is 120.2 square kilometers, including 1207 hectares of cultivated land. It has jurisdiction over 23 administrative villages.

brief introduction

Historical evolution

Since Yuan Dynasty, it belongs to Northwest Township of Yishui County and North Township of Mengyin County. Lushan commune was established in September 1958 and renamed Jiuhui commune in December. In June 1965, Jiuhui commune was abolished and merged into Nanma district. In May 1966, the original Jiuhui commune was separated from Nanma District, and Tumen district was established with Shandong Machinery Factory No.1 and No.2. In December 1968, it was renamed Tumen commune. Since its establishment in June 1984.

Sites and scenic spots

Yiyuan ape man was unearthed in Qizi Anshan. In 1981, ape skulls, teeth, humerus, ribs, eyebrows and other fossils were found in this mountain. They were identified by Peking University, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shandong Provincial Museum. They are early Paleolithic ape human remains dating from 400000 to 500000 years ago. Their ages are similar to those of Peking man. According to the evolution time of ancient human in China, it is the fifth. It is the earliest human fossil found in Shandong Province, named "Yiyuan ape man", which is one of the important archaeological achievements in the late 20th century. It is proved that Shandong is an important part of the origin of human beings in China, which provides physical data for understanding the distribution of Paleontology and paleoanthropology. The site was announced as a national key cultural relics protection unit. Yiyuan ape man has been included in the textbooks of universities, middle schools and primary schools. Xiaya cave group. There are more than ten Ordovician limestone caves in Qizi Anshan, and the larger ones are xiaya cave and shangya cave. The length of xiaya cave can be measured 715 meters in dry season, and it is still undetectable beyond the pool. Some scholars infer that the cave is connected with Dongfengshan Huanggu cave 9.4km away from the straight line, with a depth of more than ten kilometers. The hole is generally 4-5m wide and 5-8m high. Every rainy season, it becomes an underground river, and the water roars out, shaking for miles. Shangya cave is a karst cave in xiaya cave group. It is located in the north slope of the western part of Beiping, Southeast of the Yiyuan Ape Man fossil site, and across the tanglanghe River tributary. It is a human residence in the middle and late Paleolithic age. The portal faces south, 20 meters higher than the riverbed, about 6 meters high, 2 meters wide and 1000 meters deep. It develops northward from the downward slope of the portal, with an average height of 10-12 meters and a width of 8-10 meters. The area near the entrance is large, with a diameter of about 50 meters and a height of about 20 meters. The cultural accumulation in the cave is about 15 meters thick. More than 50 pieces of stone tools made of quartz and animal bones were collected. Qianren cave group. There are famous qianrendong caves on qianrendong mountain in the town, which are Ordovician limestone caves. The larger ones are qianrendong cave, Shilong cave, Yangshen cave, Renan cave, etc. the stalactite pillars, stalagmites, stone dams, cave beads and other sediments are developed in the caves. these caves are distributed intensively and many of them pass through the mountains. The caves are almost connected from head to tail, which provides unique conditions for the development of tourism. Qianren cave is a famous ancient cultural site. It is the first Paleolithic human remains found in Shandong in 1965, so it is named "Shandong No.1 cave" by archaeologists. The cave is 105 meters deep, 13 meters high, 26 meters wide and 15 meters high. It can accommodate more than 1000 people, so it is called "thousand people cave". In 1965, archaeologists from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Shandong Provincial Museum discovered a large area, multi-level, and more than 10 meter thick cultural accumulation in this cave, and collected 38 pieces of stone tools made by ancient humans and a large number of skeleton fossils of wild animals. the Great Wall site of the Warring States period and Qi Dynasty. The great wall of Qi entered the county from dayuding mountain of Tumen Town, built along the mountain to the South and East, meandering for more than 30 kilometers and leaving the county from lvpigu mountain of Yuezhuang town. The section in Tumen town is about 6 km long. Most of the city walls have collapsed. A few of the remaining stone foundations are 1 to 2 meters high and 6 to 9 meters wide. Lushan forest park. The national Lushan Forest Park in the north of the town is the best preserved original forest ecological area in Zibo City. The main peak of Lushan Mountain, the fourth highest in the province and 1108.3 meters above sea level, and the peaks of qianrendong mountain, big and small Foshan, East and West Fengshan mountain, Longfengshan mountain, zhangjiazhai mountain and yanhuatai mountain are towering and magnificent. Karst landform, zigzag and deep karst caves, with the largest karst cave group in North China. At the top of Lu Mountain peak are some cultural relics, such as the Great Hall of Tengyun temple in Ming Dynasty and the ten story Zhigong tower. Tanglanghe, a tributary of Yihe River, has Canyon landforms such as life source, Jinxiu Valley and Zizhu valley. The mountains are high and deep, the streams are rich, the climate is pleasant, the water and the mountains are beautiful, and the vegetation coverage rate is 94.8%. There are thousands of trees, herbs, Chinese herbal medicines and more than 100 kinds of wild animals, forming forest landscapes with different seasons. Lushan Forest Park is known as "Shandong bird kingdom", "natural oxygen chamber" and a summer resort, recuperation and tourist resort.