Niya Town, Minfeng County, Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Niya town

Niya Town, a town under the jurisdiction of Minfeng County, Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, is located in the southwest of Minfeng County, adjacent to Niya Township in the East, yeyike Township in the south, and Niya Township in the West and North. The administrative area is 14.26 square kilometers.

By the end of 2018, the registered residence of the town was 13761. As of October 2019, Niya town has 10 communities and 2 administrative villages.

The main food crops in Niya town are wheat and corn. In 2011, Niya town produced 1432.5 tons of grain, 119.1kg per capita. In 2018, there were 41 industrial enterprises in Niya town.

History of construction

In the Qing Dynasty, niyazhuang was set up as a branch of Khotan County, and niyabazha was made in the general map of Khotan Prefecture.

In 1945, it was established as an honest town under the jurisdiction of Minfeng County.

In 1950, the first district was set up.

In 1958, it was called October commune.

In 1959, Niya commune was established.

In October 1984, Niya town was established after the establishment of the township.

administrative division

At the end of 2011, Niya town had three communities and two administrative villages: fufuk and lampa.

As of October 2019, Niya town has jurisdiction over 10 communities and 2 administrative villages: Bostan Road community, Madini yati Road community, sodalu community, lampa Road community, Ankang community, happy community, unity community, harmonious community, Guangming community, friendship community, lampa village and Fuke village.

geographical environment

Location context

Niya town is located in the southwest of Minfeng County, adjacent to Niya Township in the East, yeyike Township in the south, and Niya Township in the West and North. The administrative area is 14.26 square kilometers.

topographic features

Niya town is located in the plain, high in the South and low in the north. Kunlun Mountains in the South and Taklimakan Desert in the north.

climate

Niya town is a temperate continental climate, which is characterized by dry climate, four distinct seasons, sufficient light, drought and less rain, long frost free period, large temperature difference between day and year, rapid warming in spring, changeable weather, hot summer, vigorous evaporation, cool autumn, cold winter and sunny days. The annual average temperature is 12.3 ℃, the average temperature in January is - 5.4 ℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is - 28.3 ℃ (January 30, 2008); the average temperature in July is 25.7 ℃, and the extreme maximum temperature is 41.8 ℃ (July 20, 1997). The lowest monthly average temperature was - 10.1 (January 2008), and the highest was 27.4 ℃ (July 2003). The average annual temperature range is 15.1 ℃, and the maximum daily temperature range is 16.6 ℃ (2005). The average annual growth period is 180 days, the average annual frost free period is 189 days, the longest is 244 days, and the shortest is 148 days. The annual average sunshine hours are 2905.4 hours, and the annual total radiation is 151.5 kcal / cm2. The duration above 0 ℃ is 275 days (usually from February 22 to November 24). The average annual precipitation is 45 mm, and the average annual precipitation days are 4 days, up to 8 days (2010) and at least 2 days (1986). The extreme annual maximum rainfall was 136.9 mm (2010), and the extreme annual minimum rainfall was 10.9 mm (1986). The rainfall is concentrated from May to August, with the most in July. The annual average number of floating dust days is 183.3 days, and the maximum year is 261 days; the annual average number of sandstorm days is 32.7 days, and the maximum year is 62 days.

hydrology

Niya River is the main channel in Niya town. It originates from lushtag glacier in the south, cuts across Kunlun Mountain, flows through Niya oasis in the west to the north, and disappears in the desert to the south of Niya site. The annual runoff is 181.9 million cubic meters, and the drainage area is 1734 square kilometers, accounting for 32.1%. With strong seasonality, 75% of the water is concentrated from June to August, with the maximum flow rate of 330 m3 / s and the minimum flow rate of 1 m3 / S. in winter, the water is frozen and cut off.

natural disaster

The main natural disasters in Niya town include drought, wind, frost, flood, etc. the flood occurs every 2-3 years, mainly from June to August. On August 3, 2010, a snowmelt flood occurred, resulting in an economic loss of 50000 yuan.

population

In late 2011, the total registered residence of the town was 12030, of which 8424 were urban and 70% were urbanization. There are also 1200 floating population. Among the total population, there are 6005 males (49.9%) and 6025 females (50.1%). In 2011, the birth rate was 16.58 ‰, the death rate was 5.24 ‰, and the natural growth rate was 11.34 ‰. In 2010, there were 10210 permanent residents in the area under the jurisdiction of the sixth census, 1870 under 14 years old, accounting for 18.3%; 8019 between 15 and 64 years old, accounting for 78.5%; 321 over 65 years old, accounting for 3.2%. In the total population, Uighur is the main ethnic group, with 9170 people, accounting for 76.2%; there are 11 ethnic groups, including Han, Hui, Mongolia, Kirgiz, Korean, Zhuang and Tatar, with a total of 2860 people, accounting for 23.8%. The population density is 841 per square kilometer.

By the end of 2018, the registered residence of the town was 13761.

Economics

Niya town has 1864 mu of arable land, 0.2 mu per capita, 8561 mu of grassland and 2868.6 mu of woodland. The main food crops are wheat and corn. In 2011, 1432.5 tons of grain were produced, 119.1 kg per capita, including 565.5 tons of wheat and 867 tons of corn. In 2011, the vegetable planting area was 555 Mu and the output was 492 tons. Animal husbandry to raise sheep, cattle, donkeys, poultry based. In 2011, 10946 livestock were on hand at the end of the year, including 10217 sheep, 268 cattle, 278 donkeys and 183 others; 22000 poultry were on hand and 66000 were sold. By the end of 2011, a total of 221 Mu had been planted, including 36 mu of protective forest and 185 mu of economic forest, with a forest coverage rate of 76%. In 2011, the fruit planting area was 221 mu, and the output was 49.3 tons. The main varieties were jujube, walnut, apricot, grape, etc., of which the jujube planting area was 315 mu, and the output was 37.4 tons; the walnut planting area was 13000, and the output was 5.4 tons; the apricot planting area was 2.2 tons; the grape planting area was 4.4 tons.

In 2011, Niya town had 90 sets of large-scale agricultural machinery; famous, special and green agricultural products included Hetian Sheep and Hetian black chicken (Niya type); the per capita net income of farmers was 3119 yuan, an increase of 10.2% over the previous year.

social undertakings

Cultural undertakings

At the end of 2011, Niya town had a cultural station, two village level cultural activity centers, five libraries and a collection of more than 3000 books.

Sports

At the end of 2011, basketball courts and table tennis tables were built in all villages of Niya Town, and 23% of the permanent residents often participated in sports activities.

social security

In 2011, there were 755 households with 979 people in Niya Town, with an annual expenditure of 2.196 million yuan, the same as that of the previous year, with a monthly per capita of 186.9 yuan, an increase of 1.76% over the previous year; the Civil Affairs Department subsidized 251 people to participate in cooperative medical care, with a total expenditure of 80000 yuan, an increase of 0.2% over the previous year. There were 519 households with 635 people in the rural areas. The annual expenditure was 840000 yuan, which was the same as that of the previous year. The monthly per capita income was 110.2 yuan, an increase of 4.8% over the previous year. The state subsidized and subsidized three people, and the pension expenses were 12000 yuan, an increase of 0.3% over the previous year. Social welfare was 50000 yuan, an increase of 2.2% over the previous year.

Transportation

There is G315 highway passing through Niya town.

History and culture

Niya town is named after the people's Government of Niya village. Niya, appeared in the kharoshi wooden slips unearthed from the Jingjue Kingdom site. Niya is the transliteration of nirang in Sanskrit, which means sentry and post station.