Chen Zilong

Chen Zilong

Chen Zilong (1608-1647) was originally named Chen Jie. He was also named Wozi and Maozhong. He was named Yifu and Haishi. In his later years, he was named Dazui. Nanzhili Songjiang Huating (now Songjiang District, Shanghai) was born in the late Ming Dynasty. He was a minister, scholar, national hero, and the son of Chen Wenwen, Minister of the Ministry of industry.

Chen Zilong was respected by Xia Yunyi in his early years. In the early years of Chongzhen, he joined the "Fu society" headed by Zhang Pu and Zhang Cai, and formed a "Ji society" with Xia Yunyi, Xu Fuyuan, Zhou Lixun, etc. In the 10th year of Chongzhen period (1637), he was a Jinshi in the middle of the Qing Dynasty, who was elected as the manager of Huizhou, and then Ding Mu you, who was appointed as the official of Shaoxing government. After the death of Ming Dynasty, he took the military department as an example. In the first year of Hongguang (1645), Shen Yulong and Shen Yulong fought against the Qing Dynasty in Songjiang and lived in seclusion. During the reign of emperor Longwu, he joined the Wu Yijun army. Emperor Longwu granted the military department Zuo dailang and Zuo Du censor. The king of Lu granted the military department Shangshu and controlled the water transportation of seven provinces. In the first year of Yongli (1647), he wrote a book for Wu shengzhao, the governor of the imperial court. He was eventually arrested for leaking secrets and drowned in water on May 13. He was 40 years old. The posthumous title of Emperor Qianlong was "Zhongyu".

Chen Zilong is an important writer in the late Ming Dynasty. His poetry achievement is high, forming a unique style of chenxiong. He is the chief of Yunjian poetry school and is known as the "Royal Army of Ming poetry". Yigong CI is a famous poet of graceful Ci and the leader of Yunjian CI school. It is known as "the first ci writer of Ming Dynasty" and the founder of the resurgence of Qing CI. The parallel prose is exquisite, with profound knowledge of memorials and strategies, and the essays are of their own style. He edited Huang Ming Jing Shi Wen Bian and edited Xu Guangqi's agricultural administration Quanshu. His works include CI anthology "jiangqiong threshold", "Xiangzhen Pavilion manuscript" and anthology "anyatang manuscript".

(overview picture reference: Songjiang Bangyan portrait album by Xu Zhang of Qing Dynasty < / I > < I >) < / I >

Life of the characters

Study in early years

Chen Zilong was born on the first day of June in the 36th year of Wanli (July 12, 1608) in Songjiang Fucheng, nanzhili. His father Chen Wenwen named him Jie. Soon after, his mother told his father that on the night of giving birth to his son, he dreamed that a dragon appeared on the wall of the room, "winding and shining", so his father changed his name to "Zilong". When he was five years old, his mother died of illness, which hit him hard. He entered school at the age of six. He was diligent in the study of classics and history.

In March of 1616, more than ten thousand people in Songjiang burned the houses of Dong Qichang and his servant Chen Ming in the city, and put up Jiezhi for the purpose of "copying Dong Huan by the people". Chen Suo Wen and his colleagues in the same county jointly denounced their grievances, and Chen Zilong, a young man, had the idea of revolting against the powerful. In August, the Chen family moved to the former Feng house in Beicheng.

In the 46th year of Wanli (1618), Chen Zilong studied with Mr. He in the same city. Because he was not polite, Chen Zilong kept away from him, but his grandfather Chen Shanmo got along well with him. Chen suowen privately taught Chen Zilong the three biographies of spring and autumn written by pre Qin scholars, and encouraged him with the idea of loyalty and filial piety. Chen Zilong wrote two essays in loose style, but Mr. he declined to comment because they were not his own. In the same year, when Chen Zilong heard that his predecessors in Tongyi were talking about the war in Liaodong, he could not help choking his wrist.

In the autumn of 1619 (47th year of Wanli), Chen Zilong worked as an old teacher, Mr. Shen. He studied in the Buddhist temple beside the house and began to study for Ju Ren. He was also familiar with three rites, history and Han Dynasty. Chen Suo Wen, who returned home, was Chen Zilong's eldest daughter, Zhang guanduan, Shaoyang County Magistrate of Baoqing Prefecture.

In the third year of Tianqi (1623), Chen Zilong, a 16-year-old boy, took the second place in the county examination and the third place in the government examination. But in the examination, sun Zhiyi, the censor, was not admitted, which made Chen Zilong unable to enter the school.

In the fourth year of Tianqi (1624), a large number of court officials were demoted or sentenced to death for opposing Wei Zhongxian. When Chen heard that he was ill at home, he read the newspaper and sighed. He taught Chen Zilong to analyze the evil and the right and distinguish the right from the wrong. In June, Wan Yao, a doctor of the Ministry of industry, was killed by his staff after impeachment of Wei Zhongxian. Chen heard that pingrili made friends with him. After hearing this, he worried about being implicated and said to Chen Zilong, "Wan Yao should not have been sentenced to death." In the autumn of the same year, Chen Zilong took part in the children's test again. After the county and government examination, he went to Jiangyin hospital for examination, and he was once again rejected by sun Zhiyi, the supervisor.

A few Club tycoons

In 1625, Chen Zilong made friends with Xia Yunyi, Peng Shichao, Xu Fuyuan, Zhou Lixun, song zhengbi in the same county, and some literati in Suzhou and Jiaxing. They learned from each other and discussed current affairs. Later, most of them became backbone members of Jiangnan party and society movement in the Ming Dynasty.

In the spring and March of 1626, Zhou Shunchang, the former head of the Ministry of official affairs, was arrested, and members of yingshe, Zhang Pu, Yang Tingshu and Xu Yi, were all running around for him. Chen Zilong also recruited some teenagers to write a letter, but Zhou Shunchang was still killed by the castration party. At this time, Chen Zilong made friends with Chen Jiru and Dong Qichang, Hou dongzeng and Hou Qizeng in Jiading County, and Qian and Qian in Jiaxing county. In the summer of the same year, Chen Zilong took part in the county and government examinations. In October, Chen Zilong took part in the college entrance examination and won a middle school scholar to supplement the student members of Songjiang Prefecture. Soon after Chen's death, Chen Zilong kept filial piety at home, kept his door closed, read a lot, and devoted himself to the creation of ancient Chinese poetry.

In the seventh year of Tianqi (1627), 20-year-old Chen Zilong went to Suzhou to participate in the selection meeting of yingshe, and made friends with Zhang Pu, Zhang Cai, Yao Ximeng, Wen Zhenmeng, Xu Yi, Yang Tingshu, Wei Huanchu and other yingshe scholars.

In the first year of Chongzhen (1628), when AI Nanying heard that Zhang Pu and Zhang Cai had returned to Suzhou from the capital, he went from Shandong to Suzhou. At that time, Chen Zilong, who was arrogant at that time, stopped him under Suzhou City and argued with him about literary theory for several days in the boat. Then he wrote back and forth to argue. Later, they meet at Wang Shizhen's Yan garden. They don't agree. AI Nanying accuses Chen Zilong of being young and ignorant. Chen Zilong comes forward to beat him when he sees that he is unreasonable. Because of different opinions, she was finally removed from the club. In the winter of the same year, due to the expiration of three years of filial piety, Chen Zilong and Zhang guanduan's daughter were officially married.

In 1629, Xia Yunyi and Du Linzheng organized "Jishe" in Songjiang. At first, Zhou Lixun, Xu Fuyuan and Peng bin joined the club. After hearing this, Chen Zilong came back and went back. The gentlemen were surprised by his youth, but Chen Zilong had already mastered the classics and history, so his writing was astonishing, and the gentlemen were convinced, so Chen Zilong became one of the "six scholars of several societies". Soon, Chen Zilong made friends with Li Wen, a member of Huating (Songjiang, Shanghai), introduced him to several societies and led him to join them. Both of them advocated writing for the sake of antiquity, and put the ancient prose in a high position. People who heard it were deeply shocked. After that, he went to Suzhou to take part in the new year's examination. In the same year, Zhang Pu merged the literary societies such as Jishe, tongshe, wenshe, Nanshe, zeshe, Xishe and yunzan into fushe, and held Yinshan meeting. Chen Zilong and other scholars from several societies went to the party to participate in the banquet.

In the spring of the third year of Chongzhen (1630), Chen Zilong took part in the scientific examination, and Li Maofang, the censor, named him the first in the county school. In June, Chen Zilong, Zhou Lixun, Xu Fuyuan and Peng bin went to Nanjing to prepare for the rural examination. Li Wen went north because her father had been sent to prison. Chen Zilong saw her off on the way. At this time, Chen Zilong met Fang Yizhi in Nanjing. Chen Zilong was admitted to the 75th place in the local examination. Together with Yang Tinglin, he came out of the gate of Zheng Youxuan, the magistrate of Huating. There were also many successful taxis in the restoration society. For example, Yang Tingshu was the champion of the Yuan Dynasty, while Zhang Pu and Wu Meicun were among the best. Zhang Pu held the "Jinling meeting" on the Qinhuai River to celebrate. Later, Chen Zilong returned home with Zhang Pu, Zhou Lixun, Xu Fuyuan and Peng bin. After the rural examination, Chen Zilong and other scholars were well-known. Businessmen from Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangnan provinces paid a large sum of money to request the reprint of jishiyi. In the winter of the same year, Chen Zilong accompanied Xia Yunyi to Beijing for the examination. In the capital, Chen Zilong was taught by Xu Guangqi and learned about the complete book of agricultural administration.

Ketu is bumpy

In the spring of 1631, Chen Zilong traveled to Beijing with Peng bin brothers, Yang Tinglin and WAN Shouqi to study the book of songs. At that time, he took part in the joint examination, and his paper was abandoned by Wen Tiren. The examiner Zhou yanru suggested that the imperial court review the dethroned examinee's paper again. The imperial court agreed and began to review it again. Chen Zilong's paper was appreciated by Wen Anzhi and Ni Yuanlu. Zhou yanru wanted to promote him to an excellent level, but because Chen Zilong's paper was smeared, Zhou yanru was afraid of being criticized by Wen Tiren and gave up the admission. As a result, Chen Zilong failed, while Zhang Pu, Wu Weiye, Du Linzheng, Yang Tinglin and others won high school entrance examination. When he was in Beijing, Chen Zilong traveled with Zhang Pu, Wu Weiye, Xia Yunyi, song zhengbi, Peng bin, Yang Tinglin, Wan Shouqi, Yang Tingshu, Xu Wei, Du Linzheng and others for many days. He planned to set up the Yantai society and inherit the former and later seven sons. Later, because of the rise and fall of their official career, they scattered all over the country, so let it go. After returning home, Chen Zilong and other scholars of the same society were engaged in ancient Chinese poetry, most of which were sad and sentimental. At that time, he was in high spirits, but he was frustrated by the scientific examination, so he wrote a Book of ten thousand words to discuss the gains and losses of current politics. Originally, he intended to play it to the imperial court, but he was stopped by Chen Jiru, a famous scholar in Songjiang at that time.

In the spring and summer of the fifth year of Chongzhen (1632), Chen Zilong, Li Wen, Xu Fuyuan, Zhou Lixun and other members of the Songjiang society gathered in the literary society to engrave the eight part model of Jishe Renshen Wenxuan, a collection of six sons' essays. He collected ten poems from each of the six poets and published them into "the poems of the six poets of Jishe". The momentum of several societies was greatly boosted and expanded to 100 people. In August, Chen Zilong, together with Zhou Lixun, Xu Fuyuan and Gu kaiyong, visited Hangzhou and met Fang Yizhi. After returning home, Fang Yizhi went to Songjiang to visit Chen Zilong and went to the "wolou" study. Chen Zilong introduced Li Wen and Xia Yunyi to him. They visited the garden together to see the famous paintings collected by Chen Zilong. Fang Yizhi showed his wooden ox and flowing horse, and got a lot.