Shi Huiyuan

Shi Huiyuan

An eminent monk of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (334-416), with a common surname of he, was born in Yanmen Loufan (now near Ningwu, Shanxi Province) and the ancestor of the Pure Land Sect. In 381, Emperor Xiaowu of the Eastern Jin Dynasty entered Lushan on the second day of the sixth year of the Taiyuan Dynasty, where he gave lectures. He advocated the pure land method of Amitabha in Lushan and joined the Lotus Society with the eighteen high sages. He has lived in the mountains for more than 30 years. He wrote a treatise on the king's disrespect.

Li Shan's annotation in Wenxuan said: "Shi Huiyuan, originally surnamed Jia, is from Yanmen. You Xu, Luo, a monk, Shi Daoan Fu PI. Later, he returned to Wu, entered Xiangyang, reached Jingzhou in the south, and wanted to go to Luofu. In search of Yang, I saw Lu Feng, so I lived in Yan. For more than 30 years, the shadow does not come out of the mountains and the trace does not enter the customs. At the end of the 12th year of Jin Yixi's reign. "

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Master Huiyuan of Lushan Mountain

He was born in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the founder of the Bailian society in Lushan. Master Huiyuan was born in Yanmen Loufan (today's Daixian County, Shanxi Province), a scholarly family for generations. Master Huiyuan was intelligent and diligent in learning from childhood. When he was 13 years old, he went to study with his uncle and was proficient in Confucianism. When he was 21 years old, he went to Taihang Mountain with his mother and brother Huichi to listen to master dao'an's Prajna Sutra. After listening to it, master Huiyuan realized the true meaning, so he became a monk and followed master dao'an to practice.

When master Huiyuan was twenty-four years old, he began to preach scriptures. There was something that the audience could not understand. Master Huiyuan quoted Zhuangzi's theory of righteousness as a category and used the method of "case meaning" to make the audience understand clearly. Master Huiyuan wrote great works. It is said that master kumaroshi read Master Huiyuan's on the nature of Dharma, and said with great admiration, "it's not good for the people of the border country to make the dark and pay attention to it! 」

In the process of preaching, many people converted to master Huiyuan. In the fourth year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (379 AD), master dao'an was held by Fu Jian of the former Qin Dynasty. When he went to Chang'an, his disciples were scattered. Master Huiyuan led dozens of disciples. He planned to go to Luofu Mountain and pass by Xunyang (now Jiujiang in Jiangxi Province). When he saw that Lushan Mountain was clean and pure, he was able to gather his shadow and do Taoism. So he stayed in Longquan jingshe of Xilu mountain. Master Huiyuan took Donglin as a place of Taoism. He cultivated his morality and wrote books. In his later years, he "could not trace into the common, and could not shadow out of the mountain.". Because of master Huiyuan's virtue, Donglin Temple became the center of Buddhism in the south. Chinese and foreign monks and customs, watching the wind. "To the East, to Jishou, to Mount Lu. "Xiaoyao and Changan Xiaoyao garden share the world equally.

Master Huiyuan is dignified and awed at first sight. It is said that master Huiyi, who was determined to be strong and upright, refused to convince others, said to master Huiyuan's disciple Huibao, "you are all mediocre, so you can't convince Huiyuan. You see me arguing with him. When listening to master Huiyuan's Dharma Sutra, he repeatedly wanted to ask questions. Finally, he was trembling and sweating, and did not dare to ask a question. In addition, Xie Lingyun was proud of his talent. When he saw master Huiyuan, he was deeply convinced. It can be seen that master Huiyuan feels the prestige of human heart.

In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, although Buddhism had been continuously introduced, it was still not complete. So there is still an endless stream of Buddhist monks coming to China to promote Buddhism. Master Huiyuan felt that there was a lack of Dharma and Taoism. He sent his disciples Fajing and faling to the west to learn Buddhist scriptures and obtained many Sanskrit Buddhist scriptures. So he set up Prajna Tai to translate Buddhist scriptures in Lushan and became the first person in the private translation field in the history of translation in China.

Master Huiyuan formed a Buddhist Association in Donglin Temple of Lushan Mountain, which was held in the West. He led the people to chant Buddhism, dug a pool to plant lotus, placed twelve lotus flowers in the water, rotated with the waves, carved day and night as the control of the way. Due to the correct theory and method of practice, all 123 people in the lotus society had the auspicious appearance of going to the pure land, and some even appeared to see the Buddha, such as Liu Yimin.

According to the records of Yuangong biezhuan, master Huiyuan was very diligent and brave in his pure cultivation in Lushan Mountain. He once saw the victory of Buddhas and Bodhisattvas three times in samadhi. However, master Huiyuan never announced it to others. Later, he saw Amitabha full of emptiness in the East niche of Prajna terrace. In the round light, there were countless Buddhas and Avalokitesvara, as well as Huichi, Huichi, and other Buddhas Tan Shun, Liu Yimin, etc. At that time, Amitabha Buddha said to him, "I comfort you with my will. You will be born in our country seven days later. Liu Yimin and others also went forward and said to master Huiyuan, "why is it so late that the master's ambition is ahead of mine? After master Huiyuan knew the date of his death, he told Fajing, Huibao and other disciples the fact that he had seen Shengxiang. It is necessary to draw up the precepts, so as to be able to sit down and pass away.

Master Huiyuan is a master of Buddhism and good at reading books. He is respected by foreign monks. Donglin temple in Lushan Mountain was the Buddhist Center in the south at that time, which was separated from Chang'an where Luoshi lived. Shiji was born in the 12th year of the reign of Yixi and lived 83 years. Later, the emperors of the Tang and Song Dynasties bestowed posthumous titles of "master bianjue", "master Zhengjue", "master Yuanwu" and "master Shibian Zhengjue Yuanwu". In order to distinguish Huiyuan from Jingying temple in Sui Dynasty, it is often called "Huiyuan of Lushan Mountain" in later generations.

Learn from Dao an

At that time, Daoan, an eminent monk, established a temple in Hengshan Mountain of Taihang, praised Buddhism and gained a great reputation, so Huiyuan went to attach himself to Daoan. After meeting and saluting, Huiyuan thinks that dao'an is his real master. Later, after listening to Tao an's lecture (Prajna Sutra), he suddenly realized it and sighed: "the nine current knowledge of Confucianism, Taoism, yin and Yang, law, name, ink, vertical and horizontal, miscellaneous, agriculture is just chaff." So Huiyuan and his younger brother Huichi abandoned the secular life and joined the Buddhist sect to learn Buddhist scriptures from dao'an.

After entering Buddhism, Huiyuan was outstanding and always wanted to take a general view. Take the profound and wonderful Dharma of Mahayana Buddhism as my duty. Huiyuan chanted the Scriptures carefully day and night. Life is very poor, often lack of food and clothing, but the two brothers get along respectfully, always work hard, unremitting. Salmonella Tanyi often give their brother some financial aid, dao'an is very happy to say: "the monk knows people sincerely!"

Because Huiyuan had the basic knowledge of reading when he was a Confucian, and his heart of practice was profound, he was able to master Buddhism and had a profound understanding of Buddhism. Dao'an often sighs: "only Huiyuan can make Buddhism spread in China."

Two disciples

Dao'an has two disciples, FA Yu and Tan Wei, who are both talented and well-educated. After that, Annan went to Xiangyang. In 373 BC, Fu PI, a general of the former Qin Dynasty, captured Xiangyang. Because of Zhu Xu, Dao an could not leave Xiangyang. Dao'an sent his disciples to different places. When he was about to break up, Huiyuan knelt down to his master and said, "after breaking up, I'm afraid I can't do anything without my master's instruction and encouragement." "Don't worry about someone as capable as you," Daoan said So Huiyuan led dozens of disciples to Jingzhou and lived in Shangming temple. Later, he wanted to go to Luofu Mountain. When he came to Xunyang, he saw the beautiful scenery of Lushan Mountain, which was enough to be at ease, so he lived in Longquan Temple. There is no water source near Longquan Temple, so it is difficult to draw water. Huiyuan knocked the ground with a stick and said, "if I can live here, I will make clear springs gush out of the ground." At the end of the speech, the clear stream gushed out and became a stream.

At that time, there was a Salmonella Huiyong who lived in Xilin. He and Huiyuan were old friends and invited Huiyuan to live with him. Huiyong said to Huan Yi, the local prefect, "Huiyuan has a lot of disciples to carry forward the Dharma, and there will be a lot of people coming to learn it. But the place where poor monks live is not enough for Huiyuan's teachers and disciples. What should we do? "Huan Yi built many monk houses and halls for Huiyuan in the east of Lushan Mountain, which is Donglin temple. Huiyuan's Donglin temple has the beauty of mountains. It is backed by Xianglu peak and waterfalls. It is based on mountains and rocks, with pine trees as forests, clear springs as terraces, and white clouds as Liao. Another temple was set up in the temple, where the trees were smoky and the environment was quiet. All the people who come to pay homage to them are pure in spirit and sober in spirit.

Huiyuan heard that there was a Buddha's shadow in Tianzhu (ancient India), which was the shadow of the past when the Buddha was formerly known as the poisonous dragon. In the stone chamber of the ancient immortal in the south of the Jiehe city of the northern tianwangyue Kingdom, it passed through the quicksand desert and then went West for 15850 Li. Huiyuanchang is very happy about this and is willing to pay a visit. There happened to be a monk in the western regions who was able to narrate the bright image of Buddha's shadow. So Huiyuan built a niche in a waterproof place near the mountains and rivers. He was skillful in painting and painting in light color. The color was suspicious and empty. He looked like smoke, and the light was bright and bright. Huiyuan made inscriptions for Buddha's shadow:

Grand Buddha, mysterious and nameless. The shadow is out of shape. The light is brighter. You can walk freely and stay aloof from the world. The voice of response in different directions, disappeared in the dark. (one)

The vast and wasteful universe is desolate. The Buddha statues are portrayed in a simple way, and the Buddha statues stand up in the emptiness. They are vivid and upright. White hair phase right turn Wanzhuan, such as the sun in the middle of the night in Lang. When we have a certain depth of understanding of Buddhism, we will have a sense in our heart, and we will attack the sincere rational words. Around the mountains, misty feeling, gods appreciate. The power of Fuzhi is not comparable to that of the past. (2)

If you turn around and forget God's respect, you will not have deep thinking and insight. The sun, the moon and the stars are all the same. The court is quiet and the way back is unpredictable. To calm the mind, to force it. Although the wind of wisdom is far away, there is only dust. Who can understand the profound metaphysics without the deep observation of sages. (3)

Hope sound far away, stay East Gu. Xinfeng adores morality and justice, and respects the rules and regulations. Hold up the color, light description condensation, reflecting the morning mist. The rules are like truth, profound and interesting. The peculiar interest is joyful, and the auspicious wind leads the way. Fresh air around the porch, dusk comes, the end of dawn. As if God's face, vaguely respectful and meet. (4)

What is the purpose of drawing the Buddha and writing down the inscription? God, please listen. I will use you as a mirror to practice. The worldly feelings are washed in the Holy Spirit's imperial edict, and enter into a state of supreme softness, replacing everything in the world with lofty metaphysics. I deeply cherish Shengqi's advice and think about it