Baoshan District, Shuangyashan City, Heilongjiang Province

Baoshan District Baoshan district is located in the north of Shanghai, bordering on the Yangtze River in the northeast, Huangpu River in the East, Yangpu, Hongkou, Jing'an and Putuo districts in the south, Jiading District in the west, Taicang City in Jiangsu Province in the northwest. The whole district is divided into North and south by wenzaobang, which runs across the central part. Wusong bridge, Jiangyang road bridge, Wenchuan road bridge, Kangning road bridge and Hutai Road bridge span it. It is 17.5 km long from east to west and 23.08 km wide from north to south, with a total area of 365.3 square kilometers, including a total land area of 302.3 square kilometers.

Located at the intersection of Huangpu River and Yangtze River, Baoshan can be called the "waterway gateway" of Shanghai. It connects more than 400 ports of 164 countries and regions by sea, and the throughput of containers accounts for more than 70% of Shanghai port. It has developed intermodal transportation and inland shipping. It has formed a transportation network extending in all directions including railway, rail transit and expressway by land. It is within half an hour from Hongqiao and Pudong International Airport Within a drive.

In December 2019, it will become a pilot unit for the construction of national rural governance system. On October 20, 2020, it will be included in the list of national double support model cities (counties).

History of construction

From the Tang Dynasty to the 10th year of Jiading (1217) of the Southern Song Dynasty, the county belongs to Kunshan county. In the 10th year of Jiading, Kunshan County separated from the eastern territory to establish Jiading County. Since then, through the Southern Song Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty and the early years of Yongzheng of the Qing Dynasty, it belongs to Jiading County.

In the second year of Yongzheng (1724), Jiading County established a new county by dividing all or part of the 13 capitals under the four townships of Yiren, Shouxin, Xunyi and Lezhi. It was named Baoshan county (the county was named in Qianlong and Guangxu's "Baoshan county annals" as the third year of Yongzheng, and now it was named Baoshan county when it was divided into counties in September of the second year of Yongzheng according to Shizong Shilu Volume 24 of Qing Shilu) Ding county is governed by the same city. In the third year of Yongzheng reign, it was approved to be divided. It is under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu provincial governor and directly under Taicang Prefecture.

The first year of the Republic of China (1912), the abolition of the state, the county Zhili Jiangsu Province.

In January of the third year of the Republic of China, it was attached to the observation envoy of Jiangsu Province, and in May, it was attached to huhaidao of Jiangsu Province.

In the 16th year of the Republic of China, huhaidao was abandoned and Zhili was established in Jiangsu Province.

In the 22nd year of the Republic of China, it was attached to Songjiang administrative supervision district of Jiangsu Province.

From 26 to 34 years of the Republic of China, he was subordinate to the Japanese puppet "Shanghai Avenue government", "Shanghai Municipal Office" and Wang puppet Shanghai special city, and changed the county into a district. In August of the Republic of China, he changed it into a county.

In August of the 34th year of the Republic of China, after the surrender of the Japanese army, it returned to Jiangsu Province and became an inspector of the third administrative region.

On May 26, 1949, the whole county was liberated and attached to Songjiang District of Southern Jiangsu administrative region. In November 1952, it was attached to Songjiang District of Jiangsu Province. In January 1958, it was under the jurisdiction of Shanghai, and in August, the northern suburb was incorporated.

In 1960, Wusong district was set up in the east of Baoshan county.

In 1964, Wusong district was abolished and merged into Yangpu District.

In January 1988, Baoshan county and Wusong district were abolished and Baoshan District was established. In September, with the first people's Congress of Baoshan District held and the task of withdrawing the county completed, the original territory became a part of the new Baoshan District.

administrative division

In 1960, Wusong town in Baoshan county and its surrounding areas, as well as parts of Xinqiao commune, were classified as Wusong district.

In October 1980, Baoshan County designated the whole area of Chengxiang town and 112 production teams of Wusong, Songnan, Miaohang, Yuepu and Shengqiao communes as Wusong district.

On May 8, 2006, Wusong Town Street and Haibin Xincun street were merged to form Wusong street.

On May 8, 2006, Sitang Xincun street and Tonghe Xincun Street merged to form zhangmiao street

Baoshan District has three streets, nine towns and one industrial zone: Wusong street, Youyi Road Street (formerly Baoshan town), zhangmiao street, Luodian Town, Dachang Town, Yangxing Town, Yuepu Town, Luojing Town, Gucun Town, Gaojing Town, Miaohang Town, Songnan town and Baoshan Urban Industrial Park.

geographical environment

geology

The terrain in the area is flat, the basement rock is shallow in the South and deep in the north, and the bedrock surface inclines from south to north. The buried depth of bedrock in Jiangwan and Wujiaochang in the south is about 280 meters; Dachang is a remnant mound, with a buried depth of only 270 meters; Gucun, Wusong and Baoshan Chengxiang are about 300 meters; Luodian and Yuepu are about 340-350 meters; Changxing and Hengsha islands are generally 300-310 meters, with a depth of 400 meters to the west of Fenghuang town in Changxing Island. The basement is widely distributed in shouchang formation of Upper Jurassic system, and its lithology is composed of purplish red, cyan gray, grayish white tuff, tuffaceous sandstone, mudstone, siltstone, medium coarse sandstone and conglomerate. In the widely distributed upper Jurassic strata, there are Paleozoic strata in Luodian, Dachang and Jiangwan. According to the drilling data of geological department, it is the middle and lower Cambrian strata.

Late Yanshanian intrusive granites are buried near Wusong, Baoshan, Fenghuang town and Wujiaochang, Changxing Island. Wusong to Baoshan area is called Wusong granite body, covering an area of about 55 square kilometers, extending in northwest direction. The contact relationship between rock mass and surrounding rock is unknown. The main mineral composition of the rock is potash feldspar, plagioclase, quartz, biotite and amphibole. The granite near Fenghuang Town, Changxing Island is a contemporaneous product. Wujiaochang granite belongs to the northern part of the urban granite body, covering an area of about 22 square kilometers. The rock body is controlled by the North normal fault from Hongqiao to Wujiaochang. The contact relationship between rock mass and surrounding rock is unknown. The isotopic age of the pluton is 112.2 Ma, which belongs to the late Yanshanian Early Cretaceous.

In addition, there are small pieces of quartz diorite and diorite in the first belt from Yuepu to Shengqiao.

The thickness of Quaternary caprock is controlled by paleotopography and related to the burial depth of basement rocks. Because the area is close to the Yangtze River, the five stages of fluvial facies of Pleistocene in Shanghai area are well developed in this area, forming five confined aquifers. The main lithology is medium, coarse sand and gravel with fine sand. The fifth confined aquifer is buried below 250m; Changxing and Hengsha can be divided into two aquifers. The fourth aquifer is not well developed in Changxing and Hengsha, but in some parts of the land, Luodian, Yanghang and Wusong are located on the mainstream of the ancient Yangtze River. Dachang is a marginal area. The buried depth of the roof of this layer is generally 170-180 meters, the central part can reach 240 meters, and the thickness is about 70 meters. The depth of the second and third layers is 60-160m, which has certain mining value. The buried depth of the first layer is 30-45m, generally without mining value. In geological age, the first and second aquifers belong to late Pleistocene, and the third, fourth and fifth aquifers belong to middle lower Pleistocene.

The aquiclude opposite to the aquifer is composed of clayey soil and silty soil mainly composed of lacustrine accumulation layer.

At the end of the late Pleistocene, the dark green hard soil layer of lacustrine and marsh facies formed in Shanghai area. In the area along the river from the east of Luodian to Yuepu, Baoshan and Wusong, the layer is missing due to the erosion and cutting of the river water. The buried depth of the layer from Dachang to Luodian is less than 20 meters, and that in other areas is about 20-30 meters. This layer is not found within 30 meters of Wujiaochang.

landforms

According to the geomorphological features, causes, ground composition and the influence of human production activities, Baoshan area can be divided into the following three geomorphic types.

Alluvial plain is the most widely distributed and largest geomorphic type in this area. During the alluvial process of the Yangtze River, due to the effect of hydraulic separation, the sediments change from coarse to fine from east to west. Under the influence of river interactive deposition, river system change and hydraulic erosion, the micro terrain changes, resulting in the redistribution of precipitation on the ground and accumulation in local depressions, causing waterlogging. The elevation of this area is between 2.8 m and 4.1 m, with an average of 3.86 M.

Estuarine sand island polder field includes Changxing and Hengsha islands. It is a low-lying estuary sand island developed by sea water at the estuary of the Yangtze River. Its ground elevation is between 2.4 m and 3.1 m, with an average height of 2.80 M. because the island is gradually connected by intermittent estuarine islands, or formed by continuous siltation and reclamation by stages, the history of cultivation is not long, and it still maintains polder field It's a beautiful landscape. The terrain is higher in the north and lower in the south. In the polder field, the river remains and the depressions formed on both sides of the dike due to the influence of artificial embankment.

Artificial accumulation highland is formed by mud and sand accumulation on both sides of the river after river opening, or original low-lying land. Gaoping land formed by dike blowing mud since 1960s is mainly distributed on both sides of newly excavated main rivers such as Yangsheng River, Panjing River and Lianqi River, as well as battery in Wusong Township, Lianhe and Huabang villages in Chengzhong and Songnan township.

Soil quality

The plough layer soil texture in this area is relatively uniform, most of which are light loam and medium loam, with light loam accounting for 52.24%, medium loam accounting for 41.04%, and a small amount of sandy loam and heavy loam accounting for 3.73% and 2.99% respectively. The average content of physical sand is 68.75%, the average content of soil 7.16%, the average content of coarse silt is 67.96%, and the average content of clay is 12.51%, the average content of clay is 3.93% The fertilizer supply performance is not good, but it can promote the hardening of soil starch. In terms of regional distribution, the eastern half of the land is sandy, loose and easy to plough, with smooth air and water, but poor fertilizer absorption and retention capacity; in the western half, the soil is more viscous, dense, strong agglutination, and good fertilizer absorption and retention capacity.

soil

The overland part of the area is a vast alluvial plain. According to the hydraulic sorting law of "rapid sand and slow siltation", the northeast part of the area is close to the Yangtze River area, where the water flow is fast and the sediment particles are coarse,