Wutai County, Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province

Wutai County Wutai County is located in the northeast of Shanxi Province, which belongs to Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province. It is an earth rock mountainous area. It is bounded by Taihang ridge in the East and Hebei Province, covering an area of 2865 square kilometers and a population of 326600. It governs 5 towns, 11 townships, 1 Tuoliang scenic spot and 495 administrative villages.

Wutai Mountain in Wutai County, with overlapping mountains and complex terrain, is composed of East, West, middle, South, North and Wutai in the East, known as the "roof of North China". It ranks first among the four famous Buddhist mountains in China.

Wutai County is located in the north, with high terrain and cold climate. It is known as "Xiaoxing'an Mountains in North China". The average annual temperature is 5 ℃, 11 ℃ in January and 21 ℃ in July. The annual rainfall is 500 mm and the frost free period is 90-150 days.

On January 22, 2020, it was named National Garden County by the Ministry of housing and urban rural development. On February 27, 2020, with the approval of Shanxi provincial government, Wutai County withdrew from poverty-stricken counties.

Evolution of organizational system

The origin of the name

According to Yuanhe county annals, Wutai County is named after Wutai Mountain in the northeast.

Historical evolution

Wutai County in the Neolithic age, there are human settlements. Wutai County belonged to Rong Di in ancient times.

In the Western Zhou Dynasty, northern Hebei was designated as Bingzhou and Wutai as the northern part of Bingzhou. In 541 B.C., Lu Zhao belonged to Jin Dynasty. Han, Zhao and Wei were divided into three parts, and Wutai returned to Zhao. After Qin unified China, it was subordinate to Taiyuan county.

In the Western Han Dynasty, Jue county was set up, belonging to Taiyuan county.

The Three Kingdoms belong to Wei state and belong to Taiyuan county.

In the Western Jin Dynasty, it was a new county without a county.

In the tenth year of Taihe (486) of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the county was restored and renamed "Lvyi", belonging to Yongan County of Sizhou. The Northern Qi Dynasty was changed to Yanmen county.

Sui Daye three years (607) renamed Wutai County, still belong to Yanmen county.

Tang, Five Dynasties and ten States belong to daizhou.

The Song Dynasty destroyed the northern Han Dynasty and was subordinate to daizhou.

In 1216, it was promoted to Taizhou.

Yuan belongs to Jining road in the south of Zhongshu province.

In 1369, it was still restored to Wutai County, belonging to Taiyuan Prefecture. Hongwu nine years (1376) changed to Dai 30, still under the jurisdiction of Taiyuan.

In 1724, daizhou was promoted to Zhili Prefecture.

In 1914, Wutai County belonged to Yanmen road. In 1937, the Anti Japanese democratic government was established as the first office of administrative supervision. In 1938, the administrative committee of Shanxi Chahar Hebei border region was established and led by the second special office of Wutai County. In 1945, it was transferred to the second Shanxi Hebei special region.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, it belongs to Xin county. In 1959, Xinxian and Yanbei were merged, belonging to the north of Shanxi Province. He returned to Xin County in 1961. After 1985, it was subordinate to Xinzhou City.

administrative division

As of July 2019, Wutai County has jurisdiction over 5 towns, 11 townships, 1 Tuoliang scenic spot and 495 administrative villages.

Taicheng Town, Baijiazhuang Town, doucun Town, Dongye Town, Taihuai Town, Geng Town, Shizui Town, Donglei Township, gounan Township, Rucun Township, yangbai Township, Shenxi Township, Jian'an Township, Lingjing Township, gaohongkou Township, CHUANSHI Township, Chenjiazhuang Township, Jiangfang township.

geographical environment

geographical position

Wutai County is located in the northeast of Shanxi Province, 112 ° 57 ′ 41 ″ - 113 ° 50 ′ 56 ″ e, 38 ° 28 ′ - 39 ° 4 ′ 49 ″ n. Wutai County is 50 kilometers long from north to South and 70 kilometers wide from east to west, slightly rectangular, with a total area of 2865 square kilometers (2008). The county is 70 kilometers away from Xinzhou, 135 kilometers away from Taiyuan, and 530 kilometers away from Beijing. It is the largest county in Xinzhou. The county boundary starts from eling in the north and is adjacent to Fanshi and Daixian. In the south, it reaches niudaoling, bordering Yu County. In the East, it is connected with changchengling, Pingshan and Fuping counties in Hebei Province. Jisheng bridge to the west, and Dingxiang, Yuanping border.

geology

Wutai County has an ancient geological structure. There was a Wutai movement in pre Sinian. After the Wutai movement, the Wutai Mountain area was uplifted and depressed, accompanied by fragmentary magmatic activity. The thickness of the sediments ranged from 3000 m to 6000 M.

In Archean, Wutai Group is the oldest outcropped stratum, and its lithology is mainly composed of all kinds of metamorphic gneiss and crystalline gneiss. In the Proterozoic era, the Hutuo group is exposed in the Lower Proterozoic strata and the underlying Archean strata, with a thickness of 2070m to 2900m. Cambrian, Ordovician, Carboniferous and Permian of Paleozoic, Triassic and Jurassic of Mesozoic, tertiary and tertiary of Cenozoic are also scattered in Wutai Mountain area.

The main characteristics of the geological structure in Wutai County are as follows: the strata have undergone a long-term tectonic movement, forming a series of folds and faults, and the ancient strata have been strongly metamorphosed. The county can be divided into Archean Wutai Group gneiss series; Proterozoic Hutuo group metamorphic carbonate clastic rock series; Proterozoic and Paleozoic carbonate rock series; Paleozoic and Mesozoic sedimentary clastic rock series; Cenozoic loose sedimentary rock series.

landforms

Wutai County is an earth rock mountainous area. The whole terrain is high in the northeast and low in the southwest. Yedoufeng in Beitai is 3058 meters above sea level, known as the "roof of North China". The lowest place is Pingshang village in Shenxi Township, with an altitude of only 624 meters. There are mountains and ravines in the territory. According to the natural conditions, the whole county can be divided into three types: mountain, hill and Pingchuan. There are hills in Pingchuan, mountains in hills, and Ru village, Dou village, gounan and Dongye small basins in the deep mountain circle.

climate

Wutai County has a temperate continental climate. The terrain characteristics of the transition from the southwest of 624 meters above sea level to the top of the North platform of 3058 meters above sea level form the obvious climatic characteristics of echelons. In the four seasons of the year, the influence of atmospheric circulation changes greatly. The climate is cold and dry in winter, which is controlled by the Northwest Airflow of Mongolia. In summer, affected by the continental low pressure, most of them are southerly and have a mild climate. Spring is the transitional period of winter and summer monsoon alternation, with changeable climate, less precipitation, strong wind and sand, and fast evaporation. In autumn, the low pressure is replaced by the high pressure rapidly, the cold temperature is moderate and the time is short. When the altitude increases by 100 meters, the temperature decreases by 0.5-0.8 degrees, and the annual average temperature is between - 5-10 ℃. When the altitude increases by 100 meters, the precipitation increases by 40-50 mm, the annual precipitation is generally 400-500 mm, the frost free period is 90-170 days, and the total sunshine hours of the whole year is 2400-2700 hours.

hydrology

The total flow of the five rivers in Wutai County is 2.76 m3 / s, and the total annual runoff is 1.04 billion m3. The total runoff of Shuiquanwan in Shenxi township is 82 million cubic meters, and the total groundwater reserves are 149 million cubic meters.

Hutuo River, originated in Fanshi County, enters from yaochi in southwest of the county, leaves from bianjiazhuang in Shenxi Township, and flows into Haihe River through Yuxian County and Pingshan County. It is the largest river in the county. The total length of the river basin in the county is 15 kilometers.

Qingshui River originates from Zixia Valley and Dongtai valley of Wutai Mountain and joins Hutuo River with Pingshang. It has a total length of 104 km and an annual runoff of 255 million cubic meters.

Weihe River, also known as Chenghe River, originates from Lingdi village in the south of Yangling mountains and flows into Qingshui River at huangchunping. It is 30 kilometers long. The annual total runoff is 21 million cubic meters.

Siyang River, originated in Xiaobai village, flows into Qingshui River at the estuary. It has a total length of 20 kilometers and an annual runoff of 56.27 million cubic meters.

Small galaxy, originated in Diantou village, to Huaiyin village south, into the Hutuo River. It has a total length of 30 km and annual runoff of 1774 m3.

natural resources

land resource

Wutai County has a total area of 2865 square kilometers (2008), ranking third in Shanxi Province. The mountainous area is 3.29 million mu, accounting for 77.3% of the total area, the basin area is 540000 mu, accounting for 12.7%, and the hilly area is 426000 mu, accounting for 10%. There are 510000 mu of cultivated land (53000 mu of which have been converted to forest), 300000 mu of basic farmland, 90000 mu of water land, 70000 mu of water conservation, 1.6 million mu of suitable forest area and 1.9 million mu of suitable grazing area.

mineral resources

By 2013, more than 30 kinds of metal and non-metal mines have been proved in Wutai County, with more than 100 ore occurrences, mainly including coal, iron, copper, molybdenum, sulfur, phosphorus, dolomite, quartzite, crystal, pyrite, mica, bauxite, sandstone, marble, granite, etc. The reserves of coal and bauxite are 99.62 million tons and 25 million tons respectively. There are many kinds of marble. Dolomite is located in Huaiyin village of Dongye Town, with a reserve of 68 million tons. The total reserves of bauxite are 25 million tons, including 2.35 million tons in Shigou of Rucun Township and 420000 tons in yaotou of Baijiazhuang town. Iron ore is widely distributed. The reserves of Baizhiyan iron ore in Taihuai town are 109.149 million tons, that of beidaxing iron ore in Dongye town is 1.75 million tons, and that of Pushang iron ore in doucun town is 39.81 million tons.

water resource

Wutai County has an average of 1270 cubic meters of water per person per year. According to the calculation of cultivated land, the average amount of water per mu is 700 cubic meters. The theoretical storage of water energy in Wutai County is 16319kw, and 23 cascade hydropower stations can be built. Most of the underground water resources in Wutai County are bicarbonate type, and the mineralization degree is less than 1G per liter, which can be used for irrigation and drinking.

Population nationality

According to the data of the fifth national census, the total population of Wutai County was 313321 by 2000. Among them, there are 162640 males and 150681 females. The sex ratio of the total population is 107.94:100. The registered residence population is 312879, the proportion of the minority population is 0.14%, and the proportion of non agricultural household accounts for 11.15%. Among the total population, 46860 are urban and 266461 are rural.

According to the 2018 population survey, the permanent resident population of Wutai County is 307200, an increase of 392 over the end of last year, including 126200 urban residents and 181000 rural residents, with an urbanization rate of 41.08%. Year round birth