Ruicheng County, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province

Ruicheng County, subordinate to Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province, is located in the southwest of Shanxi Province, in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, across the Yellow River in the southwest, facing Dali County, Tongguan County in Shaanxi Province and Lingbao County in Henan Province, bordering Yongji city and Salt Lake District with Zhongtiao Mountain in the north, and Pinglu County in the East, with a total area of 1176 square kilometers.

Ruicheng has a long history, is the birthplace of the Chinese nation and Chinese civilization, is an important source of the Yellow River civilization and the core of "ancient China". There were ancestors' activities in Xihoudu 1.8 million years ago, and the book of songs, cutting sandalwood, was collected here. Ruicheng was the state of Rui in the Shang Dynasty and the state of Wei in the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is known as the "ancient Wei" in history. Ruicheng was established in 558, the second year of Ming emperor in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, with a history of more than 1600 years. There are 132 key cultural relics protection units in the county, including 12 Chinese cultural relics protection units. Yongle Palace mural of Yuan Dynasty is an important masterpiece in the history of Chinese painting, known as "Oriental Art Gallery".

In 2019, Ruicheng County has 9 towns, 2 townships, 1 community and 1 development zone. In 2018, Ruicheng County has a permanent resident population of 412587, with a GDP of 918524 million yuan, including 2.5231.9 billion yuan in the primary industry, 2.63841 billion yuan in the secondary industry and 4.0236.4 billion yuan in the tertiary industry. The added value of the primary industry, the secondary industry and the tertiary industry accounted for 27.5%, 28.7% and 43.8% of the GDP, respectively, with a per capita GDP of 22313 yuan.

Historical evolution

The origin of place names

In the spring and Autumn period, in the third year of Duke Huan (709 BC), Rui bowan was expelled by his mother and went to Wei. He built a city and lived there, which was named Ruicheng.

History of construction

In summer, Rui was king of Gideon. (Yugong: 500 Li Dian Fu).

Shang is Rui. (according to historical records, Yu and Rui could not be sentenced to prison, just like Zhou).

At the beginning of the Western Zhou Dynasty, they were enfeoffed as princes and established the state of Wei. (in the fourteenth chapter of historical records of the Wei family, Wei city is located in the North Wuli of Ruicheng County, Shaanxi Province. According to Zheng Xuan's poem, the kingdom of Wei Ji's surname was granted by King Wu after cutting down Zhou.).

In the spring and Autumn period, it belonged to the Jin Dynasty (661 BC). The Wei family in historical records.

During the Warring States period, it belonged to Wei.

In the 26th year of Emperor Qinshihuang (221 BC), it was the capital of Hedong county (zhianyi). In the second year of Qin II (208 BC), Wei and Fengling belonged to the king leopard of Wei.

In the second year of emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty (205 BC), Wei was established and Hebei County was set up in Weicheng, which was subordinate to Hedong county. In the first year of xintianfeng (14 years), the name of the county was changed. Hebei county belongs to Zhaoyang county. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the name of Hedong county was restored, belonging to Hedong county.

The Three Kingdoms belonged to Wei Dynasty. Zhengshi eight years (247 years) for Hebei County, Hedong county.

Hebei County in the Western Jin Dynasty belongs to Hedong county.

In the period of the Sixteen States, the later Qin Dynasty established Hebei County in Weicheng, and Hebei County was renamed Anrong county. It was governed in Dongzhang village, Nanwei Township, and belonged to Hebei County.

In the Northern Dynasty, Hebei County was transferred to Dayang (now Pinglu) in 487, and it was renamed Hebei County, which still belongs to Hebei County.

Ruicheng County was established in the second year of Emperor Ming of the Northern Zhou Dynasty (558), which was under the jurisdiction of Yongle County. The first year of Wucheng (559) divided Ruicheng County into Yongle County. The next year, Ruicheng County was renamed Changle County. In 562, Changle County was merged into Yongle County.

In 583, Yongle County was renamed Ruicheng County. Kaihuang 15 years (595 years) province county for the county, belongs to Puzhou. Daye three years (607) to county, Ruicheng County is Hedong county.

In 618, Ruicheng County was restored to Yongle County. The next year, Ruizhou was set up in Ruicheng, and Ruicheng, Hebei (now Pinglu County in Sui and Tang Dynasties) and Yongle County were subordinate to Ruizhou. In the first year of Zhenguan (627), Ruizhou county was abolished. Ruicheng and Hebei counties belonged to Shanzhou, and Yongle County to Dingzhou. In 634, Yongle County was changed to Puzhou and then to Guozhou. In 721, Puzhou was changed into Hezhong Prefecture, and Yongle County was under Hezhong Prefecture.

During the Five Dynasties, Ruicheng County belonged to Shanzhou and Yongle County to Hezhong Prefecture.

In the fourth year of Chunhua (993) of the Northern Song Dynasty, Ruicheng and Yongle counties belonged to shaanzhou, Yongxing Road. In 1073, Yongle County was merged into Hedong county (now Yongji city).

Ruicheng County was changed into Jiezhou of hedongnan road in Jin Dynasty.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Ruicheng County belonged to Jiezhou, Hezhong Prefecture, Jinning County. In the third year of the Yuan Dynasty (1266), Ruicheng and Pinglu were one county. In the first year of Yuanzhen (1295), Ruicheng County was restored.

In the Ming Dynasty, Ruicheng County belonged to Jiezhou, Pingyang Prefecture, which extended to the Qing Dynasty.

In 1724, Jiezhou was changed into Zhili, Ruicheng County was still Jiezhou.

On January 2, 1912, the first year of the Republic of China (1912), Hedong branch of Shanxi military government was set up in Yuncheng, which was abolished on July 12 of the same year. In March 1913, the Hedong observation office was set up. Ruicheng County belongs to it. In June of the third year of the Republic of China (1914), the observation office was withdrawn, Hedong road was restored, and Daoyin office was set up, which belonged to Ruicheng County. In 1930, Ruicheng County was directly under the jurisdiction of the provincial government. In the winter of 1937, Shanxi was divided into seven administrative regions according to the terrain, and Yuncheng was the seventh administrative region. Ruicheng belongs to it. In March 1938, after the Japanese occupied Yuncheng, they set up maintenance committees in various counties. In 1939, the puppet county offices were established in various counties. On July 27 of the same year, the Japanese puppet government office of Hedong Daoyin was established in Yuncheng, which belonged to Ruicheng Japanese puppet county government. In August 1945, Japan surrendered. In 1947, Yuncheng Prefecture belonged to the office of the seventh, ninth and fourteenth administrative inspector respectively. The seventh special office is located in Jiexian County, which belongs to Ruicheng.

In May 1947, Ruicheng democratic county government was established, which belongs to three special departments. In July 1948, the third special office of Taiyue was under the jurisdiction of Luliang administrative office of Shanxi Suiyuan border region and changed to the 11th special office of Shanxi Suiyuan border region; in February 1949, the 11th special office of Shanxi Suiyuan border region was renamed Yuncheng special area; in June 1949, it was withdrawn and merged into the central special office of Jinnan, which belonged to Ruicheng.

On January 7, 1950, Yuncheng district office of administrative inspector of Shanxi Province was officially established; in March 1951, Yuncheng district office of administrative inspector of Shanxi Province was renamed Yuncheng district office of Shanxi Provincial People's government, which belongs to Ruicheng.

In July 1954, Linfen and Yuncheng special offices were merged into Jinnan special office, which belonged to Ruicheng.

On March 27, 1970, Jinnan was divided into Yuncheng and Linfen. On May 1, 1970, Yuncheng regional Revolutionary Committee officially began to work. In April 1978, Yuncheng regional Revolutionary Committee was renamed Yuncheng regional administrative office, which is an agency of the provincial government and belongs to Ruicheng.

On October 31, 2000, Yuncheng was set up as a city, which belongs to Ruicheng County.

administrative division

In 2019, Ruicheng County has 9 towns, 2 townships, 1 community and 1 development zone. Ruicheng County People's government is located in Guwei town.

geographical environment

Location context

Ruicheng County is located in the south of Shanxi Province, southwest corner of Yuncheng City, and the junction of Shanxi, Qin and Henan provinces. It is the South Gate of Shanxi Province. It faces Dali County and Tongguan County of Shaanxi Province and Lingbao County of Henan Province across the Yellow River in the southwest, borders Yongji City and Salt Lake District in the north, and Pinglu County in the East. It is between 110 ° 16 ′～ 110 ° 58 ′ E and 34 ° 35 ′～ 34 ° 51 ′ n, 65.7 km long from east to west and 28.8 km wide from north to south, with a total area of 1176 square kilometers.

topographic features

Ruicheng County is located in the south of Zhongtiao Mountain and the north of the Yellow River. It is long from east to west, narrow from north to south, high in the north and low in the south. The south of Ruicheng County is a hilly loess area with many gullies and streams, with low and gentle terrain, most of which are between 500 and 1000 meters above sea level. In the north, Zhongtiao Mountain stretches across the county boundary from west to East. In the middle, the terrain is relatively flat to the east of Xuezhang Township along Fenglingdu to Monan highway, with an altitude of about 600 meters. In the eastern part of the county, the alluvial fan is widely distributed in front of the mountain, the inclined plain low-lying belt runs through the center, the Loess Plateau is high, and the South dam is slightly higher, so the terrain is relatively flat. In the western region, most of them are Loess Plateau with large elevation difference, serious water erosion, dense gullies and hills.

Climatic characteristics

The climate of Ruicheng County is semi-arid continental climate, characterized by less rain and more wind. From October to May of the next year, northwest monsoon prevails, winter is dry and spring is dry. Spring drought is unfavorable to crop spring sowing and growth. From June to September, the southeast monsoon prevails and the precipitation is concentrated, accounting for about 60% of the whole year. The annual average temperature of the county is 14 ℃, the hottest month is July, the coldest month is January, the annual rainfall is 600mm, the frost period is from late October to late March of the next year, and the frost free period is 200 days.

Water system hydrology

Ruicheng County is located at the turning point of the north and east main streams of the Yellow River. The Yellow River enters Ruicheng County from Shouyang of Yongji in the north, flows eastward through Fenglingdu, and leaves the country in the southeast of dagounan village of Monan town. In addition to the Yellow River flowing through the West and south, there are anjiajian, sunjiajian, Puji River, gongshuijian, etc., all of which originate from Zhongtiao Mountain and flow into the Yellow River.

Soil type

In Ruicheng County, cinnamon soil is the main soil, followed by meadow soil. The soil texture is light medium loamy, which is suitable for the growth of various crops, forests and grasses.

natural resources

water resource

The total length of the Yellow River in Ruicheng County is 80.3 km, including 7.5 km of Xiaobei main stream in the west, 72.8 km of Sanmenxia Reservoir tail, 2-2.5/10000 longitudinal slope, 13 km at the widest and 2.5 km at the narrowest. The average annual flow of Tongguan station is 2300 m3 / s, and the peak flow of flood season is 15400 m3 / S (frequency is 5%).

land resource

twenty