Bachu County, Kashgar Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Bachu County, located in the southwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, is located in the southern foot of Tianshan Mountain, the edge of Tarim Basin and Taklimakan Desert. The geographical coordinates are 77 ° 22 ′ 30 ″ - 79 ° 56 ′ 15 ″ e, 38 ° 47 ′ 30 ″ - 40 ° 17 ′ 30 ″ n, facing Awati county and Moyu County in the East, Maigaiti County, Shache county and Pishan County in the south, Jiashi county and yuepuhu County in the West, Keping county and Aheqi County in the north and Kalatage mountain in the north.

In 2014, Bachu county had a total area of 21741.3 square kilometers, four towns and eight townships under its jurisdiction. In 2014, Bachu county had a total population of 377949 people. In the first half of 2015, the gross output value was 2.518 billion yuan, an increase of 13.76% compared with the same period in 2014.

Bachu county has historical and cultural relics such as Tangwang City, ancient Fengsui site, kalamdarbak ancient tomb, and natural landscapes such as golden Populus euphratica, desert scenery, plain lakes, etc. There are 314 National Highway Urumqi red qilapu highway and Bachu Shache highway, Bachu Tumushuke highway, Nanjiang railway and other important traffic arteries in southern Xinjiang.

On January 24, 2020, the people's Government of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region agreed to withdraw Bachu county from the poverty-stricken county sequence.

Historical evolution

The origin of the name

Bachu is short for balchuk. Balchuk is written in the western regions and balchuk is written in the western regions. According to the interpretation of tongwenzhi in the western regions: "balchuk, you have everything. The land is sparing water and grass, so it's named The Uyghur language is called marelebashi, which means deer head.

History of construction

In ancient times, the Han Dynasty was the place of the Weitou state in the western regions. in the Three Kingdoms and the Northern Wei Dynasty, it belonged to Qiuci. In Sui Dynasty, it belonged to Shule. in the Tang Dynasty, it was the weitouzhou subordinate to anxidu Prefecture. the Yuan Dynasty belonged to the Shangshu province of Bishi balihang. the Ming Dynasty belonged to the eastern Chagatai Khanate, and later to Junggar. In 1761, a Yeerqiang minister was set up. Bachu was under the jurisdiction of Yeerqiang. It was an important military and transportation town between Aksu and Yeerqiang and Kashgar. In the winter of the third year of Guangxu (1877), Liu Jintang led his troops to pacify the chaos of agubai and stationed in balchuk. During the reign of Qianlong, a military platform was set up, known as balchuke platform, which was one of the 16 military platforms from Yeerqiang to Aksu. In 1832, the city of malabashi was built. In modern times, in 1883, the Zhili Hall of malabashi was set up, belonging to Kashgar road. In 1903, Zhili hall was changed into a state, called Bachu state. It was under the jurisdiction of Shache mansion and badazhuang. In 1913, Bachu county was established as Kashgar road. in 1929, it belonged to Kashgar administrative region. in 1943, it belonged to Kashgar special supervision area. modern after 1949, it successively belonged to Kashgar special region and southern Xinjiang administrative region. in 1956, the Kashgar special area was rebuilt. after 1978, it belongs to Kashgar region.

administrative division

In 2014, Bachu county has jurisdiction over 4 towns and 8 townships, including Bachu Town, Selibuya Town, Awati Town, Sanchakou Town, qiarbage Township, dotibage Township, anakule Township, shamale Township, aksak Marel Township, alager Township, qiongkulqiak Township, yingwusitang Township, etc. there are Xiahe forest farm, BINGTUAN 48th regiment and BINGTUAN 50th regiment in the county Second regiment. The government is in Bachu town. understanding: Atushi city is in the east of Bachu county.

geographical environment

geographical position

The geographical coordinates of Bachu county are 77 ° 22 ′ 30 ″ - 79 ° 56 ′ 15 ″ e, 38 ° 47 ′ 30 ″ - 40 ° 17 ′ 30 ″ n, facing Awati county and Moyu County in the East, Maigaiti County, Shache county and Pishan County in the south, Jiashi county and yuepuhu County in the west, Keping mountain and Kalatage mountain in the north, Keping County, AHEQI county and Atushi city in the north. The longest from east to west is 218 kilometers, and the widest from north to south is 134 kilometers, with a total area of 21741.3 square kilometers.

Geological characteristics

The tectonic unit of Bachu county belongs to Bachu uplift, a secondary structural unit of Tarim platform, with southwest platform slope in the southwest and kepingtailong in the north. Since the end of the tertiary, neotectonic movements have been frequent in the southern Kunlun Mountains and the Northern Tianshan Mountains, mainly characterized by strong uplift. Influenced by the strong uplift of Kunlun Mountain, the basement of Tarim platform inclines gently to the north. At the same time, the Tarim platform was subjected to uneven ascending and descending movement, resulting in the rise of fault blocks in Yeerqiang River alluvial plain and the formation of Bachu uplift. There is no fault zone and structural trace in Bachu, and the regional structural stability is good.

topographic features

The oasis in Bachu county is concentrated on the alluvial fan plain along the Yarkand River and Kashgar River, with a long and narrow terrain from southwest to northeast. The altitude is 2000-2500 meters.

Climatic characteristics

Bachu belongs to the temperate continental arid climate, with four distinct seasons, long summer and winter, short spring and autumn, drought and less rain, windy and sandy weather, and long frost free period. The main meteorological disasters are gale, sandstorm, floating dust, hail, frost, spring drought and flood. The annual average temperature is 11.8 ℃, the annual sunshine is 4434 hours, the average annual frost free period is 213 days, the average temperature in January is - 6.19 ℃, the average temperature in July is 26.1 ℃, the annual average precipitation in the county is about 50 mm, and the annual snowfall is 2.8 mm.

hydrographic features

Bachu county is located in the lower reaches of Yeerqiang River and Kashgar river. Yeerqiang River runs through the whole area from southwest to northeast, with a flow of more than 250 kilometers in the county. Yeerqiang River is the main water source of Bachu County, and its riverbed is Sandy. Kashgar River, about 19 kilometers away from Bachu County, flows into the north gate drainage channel of Xiaohaizi reservoir, with a total length of 150 kilometers.

natural resources

land resource

Up to 2005, Bachu county had 800000 mu of arable land and 4.67 million mu of uncultivated land. There are 3.18 million mu of forest land, 4 million mu of natural grassland and 3.06 million mu of Populus euphratica forest. There are 1.18 million mu of natural wild licorice and 670000 mu of Apocynum venetum.

mineral resources

Bachu is rich in oil, natural gas, alum, titanium, iron, fluorite, granite, rock salt, lead, agate, amethyst, diamond, gypsum and other mineral resources, of which the proven reserves of vanadium titanium magnetite and granite are more than 200 million tons.

water resource

Yeerqiang River runs 340 kilometers through Bachu county. There are three plain reservoirs with water storage capacity of 127 million cubic meters. The underground water storage capacity of Bachu county is about 200 million cubic meters. Among them, honghaihai reservoir is 8 kilometers away from the county, with a storage capacity of 75 million cubic meters, a design water level of 1122.3 meters, and a reservoir area of 34.265 square kilometers; caolong reservoir is 76 kilometers away from the county, with a storage capacity of 30 million cubic meters, a design water level of 1142.5 meters, and a reservoir area of 16.31 square kilometers; satellite reservoir is 19.5 kilometers away from the county, with a storage capacity of 25 million cubic meters, a design water level of 1122.5 meters, and the most suitable area The high water level is 1123.5m. surface water Bachu county has 1.057 billion cubic meters of surface water resources, and 4.744 million cubic meters of groundwater natural resources (rainfall infiltration), with a total of 1.062 billion cubic meters of water resources. The total amount of available surface water in Bachu county is 917.203 million cubic meters in the year of P = 50%, and 83677.0 cubic meters in the year of P = 75%. groundwater the exploitable amount of groundwater resources in Bachu county is 250.894 million cubic meters. In total, the available water consumption of Bachu county is 1342.252 million cubic meters in the year of P = 50%, and 1250.189 million cubic meters in the year of P = 75%.

plant resources

Bachu county has 50000 hectares of Populus euphratica forest, which is a rare growing area of Populus euphratica forest in the world. Wild plants in Bachu county mainly include natural wild licorice, Apocynum venetum, Bachu mushroom and Apocynum venetum tea. In addition, there are more than 120 kinds of medicinal plants, such as big Yun, medlar, seabuckthorn, ephedra, yellow flower, etc.

Population nationality

In 2014, Bachu county had a total population of 377949, including urban population of 7973500, non urban population of 198190, Han population of 1774800 and ethnic minorities of 360201, including 49 ethnic minorities such as Uygur and Hui.

Political system

Deputy secretary and head of the county Party committee: muhetar Mansur, member of the Standing Committee and executive deputy head of the county Party committee: Huang Xiangbai, deputy head of the county Party committee: Yan Buyi, reyihangu, silamu, aimaiti, maihemuti, Wen Shimin, Duan Yuming, rehanguli, wusman

Economic overview

overview

In 2014, Bachu county completed a GDP of 6.483 billion yuan, an increase of 14% over 2013. The public budget revenue was 34233 million yuan, an increase of 17.4% over 2013. The total investment in fixed assets was 5.869 billion yuan, an increase of 20.8% over 2013. The total retail sales of social consumer goods reached 1.224 billion yuan, an increase of 20% over 2013. Foreign trade import and export volume was 1.059 million US dollars, an increase of 100.4% over 2013. The per capita disposable income of urban residents was 16924 yuan, an increase of 13.9% over 2013. The per capita net income of farmers was 7725.75 yuan, an increase of 20.7% over 2013. in the first half of 2015, Bachu county achieved a GDP of 2.518 billion yuan, including 487 million yuan of the added value of the primary industry, 577 million yuan of the added value of the secondary industry, including 190 million yuan of the industrial added value, and the added value of the tertiary industry