Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County, Lincang City, Yunnan Province

Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County is subordinate to Lincang City, Yunnan Province. It is located between east longitude 98 ° 52 ′ ~ 99 ° 43 ′, north latitude 23 ° 04 ′ ~ 23 ° 40 ′. Cangyuan is commonly known as awashan area, also known as "huluwangdi". In April 1949, Cangyuan wa armed forces accepted the leadership of the Communist Party of China and established the temporary people's Government of Cangyuan County. In 1964, Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County was established, which is the only old revolutionary base county in Lincang City.

In 2010, the county governs 6 townships, 4 towns, 93 villagers' committees and a state-owned farm in Mengsheng Province, with a total population of 180000. The minority population accounts for 93.4%, and the wa population accounts for 85.1% of the total population, accounting for more than 40% of the wa population in China. It is a frontier ethnic autonomous county with the wa as the main body and more than 20 ethnic groups such as Dai, Han, Lahu and Yi living together. It is one of the only two Wa Autonomous Counties in China.

In 2011, the gross output value of Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County reached 1.74 billion yuan, an increase of 15.9% over 2010, including 477 million yuan in the primary industry, an increase of 7.8% over 2010, 630 million yuan in the secondary industry, an increase of 28.3% over 2010, and 633 million yuan in the tertiary industry, an increase of 11.9% over 2010.

In March 2020, it won the title of national advanced county of village cleaning action, and was praised by the central agricultural office and the Ministry of agriculture and rural areas.

Historical evolution

Before the middle of the first century, Cangyuan County is now a territory of the ancient Dai state of mengdaguang.

In 69, mengdaguang (Ailao state) was attached to the Han Dynasty, and Yongchang County was set up there. Now Cangyuan County belongs to Buwei County, Yongchang County.

In 225, Shu Han added Yongxiang County in the southeast of Buwei County, Yongchang County, and Yongshou County in the southwest; now Cangyuan County belongs to Yongshou County, Yongchang County.

In 299, the Dai people in Buwei County of Yongchang County fought against the Jin Dynasty, and in the Western Jin Dynasty, the rule of Yongchang County was moved to Yongshou County; today Cangyuan County is still Yongshou County of Yongchang County.

In 420, the Eastern Jin Dynasty perished, and then the Song Dynasty (Southern Dynasty), Qi Dynasty (Southern Dynasty), Liang Dynasty (Southern Dynasty) and other mainland dynasties gradually withdrew from the Yunnan Plateau. After Chen Dynasty (Southern Dynasty) replaced Liang Dynasty (Southern Dynasty), the mainland Dynasty completely abandoned the Yunnan Plateau. Now Cangyuan is a Dai Autonomous territory.

In 738, the Dai people of mengshe (Weishan basin) came to the Erhai Basin and established the regime of mengshelong (Nanzhao state in Chinese translation); in 762, the mengshelong (Nanzhao state) set up Yongchang Jiedu in mengzhang (Baoshan Basin) and governed the area to the west of Lancang River; now Cangyuan County belongs to Yongchang Festival.

In 937, Duan Siping, the former "mengshelong" (Nanzhao state) Tonghai Jiedu envoy, entered the Erhai Basin to establish Dali state, and Yongchang Jiedu was set up in mengzhang along the old system of "mengshelong"; in 1096, Dali state abolished Jiedu, Dudu and other military jurisdiction, and established eight prefectures, four counties and four towns; now Cangyuan County belongs to Yongchang Jiedu first, and then Yongchang Prefecture.

In 1261, the great Mongolia called on all kinds of local people to set up the Department of appeasement, such as Jinchi, to the west of Lancang River; now Cangyuan County belongs to the Department of appeasement, such as Jinchi.

In 1271, the Department of appeasement in Jinchi and other places was divided into the East Road appeasement (zhenkang road appeasement) and the West Road appeasement (Jianning road appeasement); now Cangyuan County is under the jurisdiction of the East Road appeasement in Jinchi and other places.

In 1278, the Yuan Dynasty (the former great Mongolia) cut off the golden teeth and other pacification department, and the former East Road pacification envoy set up the Xuanfu Department of zhenkang, Mangshi, ruoyuan and other roads, under the jurisdiction of zhenkang, Mangshi, ruoyuan and other roads; now Cangyuan County belongs to zhenkang Road.

In 1286, the xuanfusi of kangmang, Shi ruoyuan and other roads in Zhenxi were cut off, and the xuanfusi of mianluchuan and other roads in Zhenxi were merged into the xuanfusi of Jinchi and other places in Dali (later changed to the Marshal's mansion of xuanweisi in Jinchi and other places in Dali); in 1289, Mengding road was set up in the south of zhenkang Road, and Mulian road was set up in the new Tamu jurisdiction to the south of Mengding road; today, most of Cangyuan County belongs to Mengding Road, and a small part to Mulian road The road.

In 1312, "mengmaonong" (Luchuan state) was established by annexing the surrounding areas with the Dai soil orders of mengmao (Ruilijiang River valley basin); in 1316, "mengmaonong" (Luchuan state) expanded eastward, and mengdinglu, mulianlu and other Dai soil orders were annexed; now Cangyuan County belongs to "mengmaonong" (Luchuan state).

In 1355, "mengmaonong" (Luchuan state) was attached to the Yuan Dynasty, where pingmian xuanweisi was set up; now Cangyuan County belongs to pingmian xuanweisi.

In 1384, "mengmaonong" (Luchuan state) was attached to the Ming Dynasty, where Luchuan pingmian Xuanwei department was set up; now Cangyuan County belongs to Luchuan pingmian Xuanwei department.

In 1402, Mengding Prefecture was set up in the Ming Dynasty in jieluchuan, Myanmar, and now Cangyuan County belongs to Mengding Prefecture.

In 1527, mubang xuanweisi (now Shan state of Myanmar) annexed Mengding Prefecture; in 1585, Mengding Prefecture was reestablished in Ming Dynasty, and Gengma pacification division was added under Mengding Prefecture; now Cangyuan County belongs to mubang xuanweisi first and Gengma pacification division later.

In 1683, the Qing Dynasty promoted Gengma pacification division to Gengma Xuanfu division; now Cangyuan County belongs to Gengma Xuanfu division.

In 1888, Mengmeng (tumu) inspection department and Menglian Xuanfu Department of the Qing Dynasty set up Zhili town bianfuyi department, which was under the jurisdiction of Zhili Tongzhi sent by the mainland; in 1891, Mengdong and Mengjiao tumu, which belonged to Gengma Xuanfu department, and Gengma Xuanfu envoys, were killed, Mengdong and Mengjiao were transferred to Zhili town bianfuyi department by Gengma Xuanfu department; now Cangyuan County belongs to Zhili town Side Fuyi hall.

In 1913, the government of the Republic of China changed the office of Fuyi in Zhili town to Zhenbian county (later changed to Lancang County), and set up an administrative committee (later changed to administrative committee) on Mengjiao, Mengdong, damanhai, Yansai and other local officials of Zhenbian County; in 1937, Mengjiao, Mengdong, damanhai, Yansai and other local officials were set up by Lancang County, and Cangyuan Administrative Bureau was set up; now Cangyuan County has become an administrative region.

In April 1949, the first detachment of the people's self-defense army of Yinan border region of the Communist Party of China occupied the official land of Yansai Wa Nationality under the jurisdiction of Cangyuan establishment Bureau and established the Cangyuan provisional people's government.

In March 1951, the Cangyuan provisional people's government was transformed into the Cangyuan national democratic united government.

In November 1952, the Cangyuan Administrative Bureau and the Cangyuan national democratic united government were abolished, and the Cangyuan County and the county people's government were established as the local officials of the Dai nationality in Mengdong.

In September 1958, Cangyuan County was changed into Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County.

In February 1964, Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County was changed into Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County.

administrative division

Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County governs 4 towns (Mengdong Town, Yanshuai Town, Mengsheng Town, mangka town), 6 townships (DanJia Township, Nuoliang Township, Menglai Township, Mengjiao Dai Yi Lahu Township, Banhong Township, banlao township), 93 Village (neighborhood) committees, and 1 Farm (Mengsheng farm).

Mengdong Town: it governs three residents' committees (Mengtong, Baita, Yonghe) and seven villagers' committees (tongnai, mangpai, yongleng, Biliang, Baka, Daodong, manghui).

Yanshuai Town: it has jurisdiction over 22 villagers' committees (Yanshuai, Dongmeng, HuangGuo, Lianhe, Yanbing, Xinhua, Jianshe, Hemeng, zhonghemeng, Henan, Xinzhai, Tuanjie, dongmi, Banduo, bannai, gongman, Heke, sainong, Anhai, Angui, Xile and Balin).

Mengsheng Town: it has jurisdiction over 8 villagers' committees (Mengsheng, Huizhu, mankan, mangyang, Yongdun, gongkonai, Heping and Nongke).

Mangka Town: it governs 9 villagers' committees (manggang, the Hague, koumeng, Nanla, Laipian, Baiyan, Huguang, Jiaoshan and Nanjing).

DanJia township: it has jurisdiction over six villagers' committees (DanJia, Pajie, yonggai, Anye, gaduo and Yongwu).

Nuoliang township: it has jurisdiction over 8 villagers' committees (Nuoliang, Heling, nansa, paqiu, wengbulao, Bankao, Pali and Bawei).

Menglai township: it has jurisdiction over 9 villagers' committees (Minliang, Yong'an, dinglai, Gongnong, Yingge, banlie, Menglai, gongsa and manlai).

Mengjiao Dai, Yi and Lahu township: it governs nine village committees (Mengjiao, Lianhuatang, Kongjiao, Wengding, mengka, manggong, nuozhang, kongjing and menggan).

Banhong township: it has jurisdiction over 6 villagers' committees (Banhong, mangku, gongkan, Fugong, banmo and Nanban).

Ban Laoxiang: it has jurisdiction over 6 villagers' committees (working old, ban Nong, afraid of waves, Yingpan, Xinzhai and working old).

Meng Province Farm: governs 3 tea primary processing institutes and 14 planting and production teams.

geographical environment

Location context

Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County is located in the southwest of Lincang City, Yunnan Province, between 98 ° 52 ′ ~ 99 ° 43 ′ E and 23 ° 04 ′ ~ 23 ° 40 ′ n. It is adjacent to Shuangjiang Lahu wa Bulang Dai Autonomous County in the northeast, Lancang Lahu Autonomous County in the East and Southeast, Gengma Dai Wa Autonomous County in the north, Myanmar in the West and south, with a boundary line of 147.083 km long and 47 km wide Mengdong town is 1270 meters above sea level, 886 kilometers away from Kunming, the provincial capital, and 222 kilometers away from Lincang.

landforms

The terrain of Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County is high in the north and low in the south. The highest point is wokan mountain, with an altitude of 2605 meters and the lowest point of 450 meters.

climate

Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County belongs to subtropical low latitude mountain monsoon climate, with annual average temperature of 17.2 degrees, annual extreme maximum temperature of 34.6 degrees, minimum temperature of - 1.3 degrees, frost free period of 290 days, annual average rainfall of 1425-1595 mm, annual sunshine hours of 2115 hours, and monthly sunshine hours of more than 200 hours in five months.

hydrology

The main rivers in Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County are Xiaohei River, Nangun River, lameng River, Mengdong River and Yong'an river.

natural resources

mineral resources

As of 2014, coal, iron, tin, iron and other minerals have been proved in Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County