Liu Bingzhang

Liu Bingzhang

Liu Bingzhang (1826-1905), an important Minister of the late Qing Dynasty, was a famous general of the Huai army. Zhongliang is a native of Lujiang, Anhui Province. With lofty aspirations, he became famous among the youth. Due to the national turmoil, he was compiled by the Imperial Academy and entered the army. He joined the army and became a feudal official after the suppression of Wu. During the Sino French war, he fought against foreign aggression, commanded the famous "battle of Zhenhai" and maintained the dignity of the country. He has been in charge of Shu for ten years. He is diligent and honest. He uses the ancient bamboo cage method to repair the Dujiangyan water conservancy project and benefit the people. In order to safeguard the national interests in the "Chengdu religious case", the Qing government dismissed him. In his life, he was indifferent to fame and wealth, but he attached great importance to education. He donated and built sanletang academy and Nanjing Lujiang test hall for his hometown, and cultivated a large number of useful talents.

Main experience

Liu Bingzhang (1826-1905), whose name is Zhongliang, was born in liudun village, Fanshan Town, Lujiang County, Anhui Province. Xianfeng ten years (1860), in the Jinshi, selected as Shu Ji Shi, granted editing.

Suppress the Taiping Army

In the first year of tongzhi (1862), the Taiping army occupied Jiangning. Liu Bingzhang accompanied Zhang Fujun, the imperial minister, to southern Anhui. He often planned the strategy of suppression for him, which was highly praised by Li Hongzhang. When Li Hongzhang was appointed governor of Jiangsu Province and moved to Shanghai to suppress the Taiping army, he played the tune of Liu Bingzhang under his account. Liu Bingzhang then joined the Huai army. At that time, the ever victorious army trained by Gordon, an Englishman stationed in Shanghai, laughed at the fact that the Huai army was poorly equipped and poorly dressed. Liu Bingzhang said to all the officers and men, "this is not enough. I don't care if Cao can fight." After several battles, the Huai army fought bravely, often won great victories, won the admiration of the victorious army, and actively cooperated with the Huai army to suppress the Taiping army. In the second year of Tongzhi, the Taiping army captured Fushan and surrounded Changshu. The situation was critical. Liu Bingzhang, together with Pan Dingxin and Liu Mingchuan, attacked Fushan to save Changshu, and asked Changsheng army to bombard Taiping barracks with cannons. Then the Taiping army broke the siege of Changshu and returned to Fushan. Soon after, the Taiping army captured the counties in Western Zhejiang and endangered Jiangsu Province. Li Hongzhang urged Liu Bingzhang to recruit an army and enter Jiashan. In Fengjing and Xitang, the main water and land areas, the Taiping Army built stone barriers and sent tens of thousands of people to defend them, forming a tight defensive formation with jiashancheng. Liu Bingzhang led more than 6000 people, including Wu Changqing, Kuang wenbang and Wang Zhankui. We first concentrated our forces to attack Xitang, then took advantage of the situation to attack Fengjing, and defeated tens of thousands of reinforcements from Jiaxing, Pinghu and Zhapu. Due to the suppression of the Taiping army, the Qing government issued a decree to reward them. Although the Taiping army was defeated, it still defended Jiashan with Zhang Jinghui. Liu Bingzhang invited the Taihu division ship to attack Zhang Jinghui by land and water. Jiashan Taiping army came to help. Liu Bingzhang was in charge of the battle by river. He was shot in the leg and did not retreat. The soldier Fu Hao went straight ahead and defeated Zhang Jinghui. Jiashan, Pinghu and Zhapu were also restored. In July of the third year of Tongzhi, Liu Bingzhang and Cheng Qixue attacked Jiaxing and destroyed the barracks of Taiping Army outside the city. He ascended the city by hand, attacked day and night, burned the powder magazine in the city by throwing fire, broke the city, killed Liao fashou, king of Rong, and Liu Degong, king of Ting. The Qing court issued a decree to reward Dai Hualing. Then they attacked Huzhou, captured Wulou and Nanze, and succeeded in successive battles, eliminating the Taiping Army in Western Zhejiang. Because of Liu Bingzhang's strict management of the army, the Qing government issued a decree to reward Zhenyong batulu. In case of a lack of promotion, it was listed first. In October, you Chunfang, you Shuzi, rotate zhengshuzi. He was promoted to Bachelor of science.

Suppress the eastern Nien Army

In February of the fourth year of Tongzhi, the Nien army returned to power. The Qing court ordered Zeng Guofan to be an imperial envoy to supervise the suppression. Zeng Guofan immediately transferred Liu Bingzhang to run military affairs. In April, Liu Bingzhang was appointed as Jiangsu's envoy and stationed in Xuzhou. At that time, the Nien army had no choice but to move to other places. Both Zeng Guofan and Li Hongzhang advocated that the Nien army should be driven to a corner and be gathered and annihilated. Many people think that this method is impractical, only Liu Bingzhang "praised it deeply". In May, the Nien army attacked the town of Suqian and the Yanghe River, and went to the canal. Liu Bingzhang sent Wu Changqing and Wang Zhankui to attack his camp at night, followed the old dyke and defeated the Nian Army. Ren Zhu and Lai Wenguang, the leaders of the Nien army, were separated from Zhang Zongyu. They turned back to the south, crossed the two rivers of Hui and Wo, and entered Huaiyuan and Fengtai. Liu Bingzhang led his army to Mengcheng, and Huisheng army fought together. In July, Ren Zhu, Lai Wenguang and Zhang Zongyu met in shigu town of Henan Province to attack Shandong. Liu Bingzhang led his army to Yucheng village and attacked with horse team, which greatly defeated the Nien army. In order to get rid of the predicament and avoid total annihilation, the Nien army was divided into two parts: the East and the West. Zhang Zongyu led a group to the West for the purpose of twisting the West. Ren Zhu and Lai Wenguang led a part to the East, which was the East twist. Zeng Guofan appointed Liu Songshan, commander in chief, to suppress Xi Nian. He ordered Liu Bingzhang and Yang dingxun to encircle Dong Nian in western Henan. In December, the eastern Nien army turned to fight in Hubei. Liu Bingzhang led the army to pursue and defeat the eastern Nien army in De'an. In February of the sixth year of Tongzhi reign, he was awarded the military service of Shanxi Province. After the defeat of the eastern Nien army in De'an, it broke into Huoshan and Taihu in Anhui Province. Liu Bingzhang raced to Susong day and night and defeated him head on. The eastern Nien army retreated to Hubei Province, from Xiaohe River in Xiaogan to Hekou town. Liu Bingzhang would attack the Xun army, and the Xun army first met the enemy, and Zhang Zundao, the chief soldier, was killed. The eastern Nien army took advantage of the victory and was irresistible. Liu Bingzhang led the army to attack, Wu Changqing and Kuang wenbang fought to the death, and the eastern Nien army began to break through Henan. In June, Li Hongzhang, acting as commander of Zeng Guofan, returned to Germany and moved to Jining. He planned to take the strategy of "encircling the canal" and gather and annihilate the Nien army in the East. Liu Bingzhang was urged to go to Jining as soon as possible to arrange transportation and defense. When Liu Bingzhang got the order, he led the troops to garrison in Yunxi, met the soldiers of Shandong, Henan and Anhui provinces, and carried out joint suppression. In July, the eastern Nien army was defeated by the Lu army in Weihe, and went south from Anqiu and Linqu to regulate Jianghuai. Li Hongzhang urgently ordered Liu Bingzhang to cross the river from Taizhuang and meet the Zhejiang army to defend Qingjiang. From August to November, Liu Mingchuan, Guo Songlin and other troops won great victories. Ren Zhu died in the battle. Lai Wenguang led Yu to ride more than 1000 horses and went south to the Qingjiang River. In December, Liu Bingzhang and Taoist Li Zhaoqing defeated the eastern Nien army in Huaicheng. Lai Wenguang led his troops to retreat from gaobaoshui village. He was attacked by Wu Yulan's huazi camp and the whole army was destroyed. In the eighth year of Tongzhi, Liu Bingzhang's father died of illness and begged to return to shouxiao for three years. In the 11th year, he served as governor of Jiangxi Province. In 1875, he was promoted to governor of Jiangxi Province. In the sixth year of Guangxu period, Liu Bingzhang was the governor of Jiangxi Province. In the process of pacifying the Xinjiang incident, he raised Gan's salary, gave strong support, and appreciated the top belt. In the eighth year, he was granted the title of governor of Zhejiang Province. Here, golden man Xiao of Taiwan gathered on the seashore and became a bandit. His officers and soldiers cleared him up. He fled to the ocean. When the officers and soldiers withdrew, he came back again. After Liu Bingzhang took office, after detailed reconnaissance, he found that there were many spies in the mainland, so the military plane leaked. He took measures to crack down on Baojia and cut off its ties with the mainland. Gold full because of the mainland is removed from the spy, unpredictable military opportunities, poor frown on the caress.

The battle of Zhenhai

In the 10th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, the French army invaded Vietnam. In order to prevent the invasion of China by the French army, Liu Bingzhang personally patrolled the coast of Haikou, built a long wall for tens of miles, set up mines, sealed Haikou, and made all the military ships on guard. In January of the 11th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, the French army broke into Jiaomen. Liu Bingzhang ordered the garrison general of the fort to guard Wu Jie and sent a huge gun to repel the French warship. A few days later, the French warship returned to the north of tiger squat mountain. Liu Bingzhang ordered the garrison to attack and bombard the Chinese French warship's chimney and back boat. The French general Milu was killed and fled. When the French warships were frustrated in their attack, they set off small boats to spy on the south bank and intrude at Baoshan pass. Liu Bingzhang ordered Qian Yuxing, the commander in chief, to select brave men and form a death squadron to lurk under Qingquan ridge and attack them suddenly. They defeated the French army and killed countless people. In the battle of Zhenhai, it was planned to sink one French warship, inflict heavy damage on three French warships, fire wheels and small boats, and give a heavy blow to the aggressors. Since then, the French did not dare to commit the crime again. At the end of the incident, Liu Bingzhang was spared and strongly advised to expand coastal defense in case of danger. In the 12th year of Guangxu, Liu Bingzhang was promoted to governor of Sichuan. Sichuan Province has a vast territory, which is connected with ethnic minority areas outside, with many bandits inside and extremely unstable society. After Liu Bingzhang took office, he brought down Cui Yinghe of Wanxian County, he San of Maozhou, Chen Kunshan of northern Sichuan, Yao Fuqian of Xiushan and other forces. Then they took the policy of cultivating farmland to appease the ethnic minorities, and the labulangtoads in Liangshan and Xiaoliangshan were invited to serve. In January of the 20th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, he was awarded the title of Shaobao, the crown prince, and wrote the characters of longevity, Fushou and Ruyi mangpao. When Liu Bingzhang first became governor of Sichuan, he went to Shu with Ye Yurong and Qian Yuxing, who trusted him very much. Censor Zhong Dexiang strongly impeached Liu Bingzhang. The Qing government ordered the dismissal and retention of the post according to the example of overindulgence. In October, he was ordered to open a vacancy in Beijing. He was ordered to hand it over when the new governor arrived.

Chongqing teaching plan

In 1886, Liu Bingzhang was the governor of Sichuan Province. In Sichuan, he successively sent troops to suppress the peasant uprisings in Wanxian, northern Sichuan, Youyang and other places, exterminated the Yi uprising and Tibetan uprising in Xichang area, and repeatedly increased troops to garrison in the southwest border to deter them. Investigate and handle the "Chongqing teaching plan" left behind. Because the Church of the United States and Britain forcibly occupied land to build the church, the people objected. The church organized armed killing of more than 30 people, aroused public indignation, anti church, burned teaching, distributed leaflets, exposed the crimes of the United States and Britain helping Japan invade China, made the Church of the United States and Britain more dissatisfied, and shut down children and the people. Foreigners trampled on China's sovereignty and aroused the people of 11 counties in Western Sichuan to fight against the church. During the investigation, Liu Bingzhang only arrested Shi Hui and others, brought them to justice, and killed Luo Yuanyi to vent the people's anger. To the provincial capital, the people and the religion were fighting, and each of them was succeeding. During the ten day period, more than 10 churches were burned and spread to other parts of the province. As for the churches set up by foreign countries in China, the Qing government has long issued an edict, ordering "governors of all provinces, strictly requiring local officials to protect them.". Wu guangkui, the imperial censor, wrote: "at the beginning of making trouble in the provincial capital, Liu Bingzhang did not pay attention to it and did not send troops to suppress it. As a result, more and more unemployed vagrants gathered, leading to tired religious cases outside the province.",