Huiningfu site in Shangjing, capital of Jin Dynasty

Huiningfu site in jinshangjing is a national key cultural relic protection unit, located 2 kilometers south of Acheng District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province. The site now preserved is the one restored during the Dading period of Jin Shizong. The northern and southern walls and the building sites in the imperial city are better preserved. The two cities are rectangular in shape, with a circumference of 22 Li. The wall of Jin Shangjing is a rammed earth building with green bricks on the surface, but the green bricks have been demolished by local residents. The wall of Jing is still 3-5 meters high, with a height of 7 meters in some sections and a base width of about 7-10 meters. The traces of rammed layers and rammed flowers of black and loess on the broken walls are still clear. There is a horse face protruding from the wall at an average interval of about 80-130 meters. There are 89 horse faces now, and the total number of original horse faces around the city is about 92. Among them, there are 11 North walls of the North City, 16 south walls of the South City, 29 west walls of the second city, 28 East walls (including the protruding part of the north wall of the South City) in 24 places (including 2 in each place and 3 in one place), and the five protruding corners of the two cities no longer exist, so the total number of original horse faces around the city is about 92. Horse face played a defensive role in ancient warfare. The horse faces of the capital of Jin Dynasty were concentrated in the West and south walls of the South City, which indicated that they were mainly set up to defend the safety of the imperial city at that time. In addition, a large number of stone and iron arrow clusters were unearthed under the four walls of the outer wall of the capital, which indicates that the guards of the capital mainly used stone to defend. The capital of Jin Dynasty imitates the scale buildings of the capital of Northern Song Dynasty. The layout of the city is basically the same as that of Bianjing (now Kaifeng), which is magnificent and magnificent. It is composed of two neighboring cities, North and south, and the imperial city. The southern city is slightly larger than the northern city. The two cities are rectangular in shape. On the plane, one is vertical and the other is horizontal. The perimeter of the two cities is 11 kilometers. After more than 800 years of wind and rain erosion and war damage, the rammed earth wall is still 3-5 meters high and the base width of the decaying wall is 7-10 meters. At the section of the city wall, the traces of rammed earth layer are still clear. On average, a horse face was built every 70-120 meters. One turret was built on each of the five corners of the city, which was the key fortification on the city wall. There are 9 gates, 7 of which have urn. There are moats outside the city and on the south side of the wall between the two cities. The imperial city was built in the west of Nancheng, with a circumference of nearly 2.5 kilometers. From the south to the north, the base of the five palaces is arranged on the north-south axis of the Imperial City, and there are cloister sites on the East and west sides. On both sides of the South Gate of the Imperial City, there are two Tu Fu, about 7 meters high, standing opposite each other, called que. There are two small mounds between the two mounds, each about 3 meters high. There are three passages between the big and small tufu, the main gate (Meridian Gate) in the middle and the left and right que gates on both sides. The layout of the imperial city is regular and rigorous.

Huiningfu site in Shangjing

synonym

The huiningfu site in Shangjing, the capital of the Jin Dynasty, generally refers to the huiningfu site in Shangjing

Huiningfu site in jinshangjing is a national key cultural relic protection unit, located 2 kilometers south of Acheng District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province. There are 28 gate sites in the northern and southern cities of Jin Shangjing, including 1 gate in the northern wall of the northern city, 1 gate in the eastern wall, 1 gate in the western wall, 2 gates in the YaoYuan, and 2 gates in the southern wall of the southern city. Except for the gate site on the east side of the YaoYuan, all of them have the remains of the urn city.

General situation

There are 1 gate in the north wall of the North City, 1 gate in the east wall, 1 gate in the west wall, 2 gates in the waist wall, and 2 gates in the south wall of the south city. Except for the gate on the east side of the waist wall, there are relics of the urn city. Most of these urn gates are in the shape of corners, which are important facilities to strengthen the front defense of the gate.

Huiningfu site in Shangjing of Jin Dynasty is a national key cultural relic protection unit.

Status quo of the site

The remains are restored during the Dading reign of emperor Shizong of Jin Dynasty. The northern and southern walls and the building sites in the imperial city are better preserved. The two cities are rectangular in shape, with a circumference of 22 Li. The wall of Jin Shangjing is a rammed earth building with green bricks on the surface, but the green bricks have been demolished by local residents. The city wall is still 3-5 meters high, some sections are 7 meters high, and the foundation width is about 7-10 meters. The traces of ramming layers and ramming flowers of black and loess are still clear. There is a horse face protruding from the wall at an average interval of about 80-130 meters. There are 89 horse faces now, and the total number of original horse faces around the city is about 92. Among them, there are 11 North walls of the North City, 16 south walls of the South City, 29 west walls of the second city, 28 East walls (including the protruding part of the north wall of the South City) in 24 places (including 2 in each place and 3 in one place), and the five protruding corners of the two cities no longer exist, so the total number of original horse faces around the city is about 92. Horse face played a defensive role in ancient warfare. The horse faces of the capital of Jin Dynasty were concentrated in the West and south walls of the South City, which indicated that they were mainly set up to defend the safety of the imperial city at that time. In addition, a large number of stone and iron arrow clusters were unearthed under the four walls of the outer wall of the capital, which indicates that the guards of the capital mainly used stone to defend.

Site distribution

There are ruins of moats around the outer walls of the northern and southern cities and on the south side of the waist walls. Up to now, most of the areas are still as deep as gullies. It was excavated at the same time when the city was built. It may be that the water from the river west of Shangjing was introduced into the moats for defense. There was still water in the moats during the reign of Guangxu. According to the literature, there are many palaces in the imperial city of Shangjing in Jin Dynasty, such as Qianyuan palace and Mingde palace in the reign of Emperor Taizong of Jin Dynasty; Qingyuan palace, Fude palace, Xiaoyi Palace (bedroom Palace), Jigu Palace (Shu Palace), Chongming palace, Wuyun tower, Xiangxi Palace in the reign of emperor Xizong of Jin Dynasty; qinzheng palace, Taihe palace, Wude palace, Yongshou palace, Yongning palace in the reign of emperor Hailing of Jin Dynasty; and qinzheng palace, Taihe palace, Wude palace, Yongshou palace, Yongning palace after the restoration of emperor Shizong of Jin Dynasty Qingyuan palace. Guangxing palace, Guangde hall, Huangwu hall, etc. In addition, there are Mingde hall, seasonal hall, Longshou hall and Kuiwen hall. In addition, there are Shu temple, sheji temple, Confucius Temple and Chuqing temple.

Huiningfu site in jinshangjing, commonly known as Baicheng, is located in the southern suburb of Acheng District, 2km away, at the foot of Daqingshan at the West foot of zhangguangcailing, on the left bank of Ashe River, near mountains and rivers. It was the early capital of the Jin Empire established by the Nuzhen people. It has been the political, military, economic and cultural center of the Jin Dynasty for 38 years after the four emperors of Taizu, Taizong, Xizong and hailing. It is also the seat of Jin Shangjing road and Huining mansion, so it is called.

The capital of Jin Dynasty imitates the scale buildings of the capital of Northern Song Dynasty. The layout of the city is basically the same as that of Bianjing (now Kaifeng), which is magnificent and magnificent. It is composed of two neighboring cities, North and south, and the imperial city. The southern city is slightly larger than the northern city. The two cities are rectangular in shape. On the plane, one is vertical and the other is horizontal. The perimeter of the two cities is 11 kilometers. After more than 800 years of wind and rain erosion and war damage, the rammed earth wall is still 3-5 meters high and the base width of the decaying wall is 7-10 meters. At the section of the city wall, the traces of rammed earth layer are still clear. On average, a horse face was built every 70-120 meters. One turret was built on each of the five corners of the city, which was the key fortification on the city wall. There are 9 gates, 7 of which have urn. There are moats outside the city and on the south side of the wall between the two cities. The imperial city was built in the west of Nancheng, with a circumference of nearly 2.5 kilometers. From the south to the north, the base of the five palaces is arranged on the north-south axis of the Imperial City, and there are cloister sites on the East and west sides. On both sides of the South Gate of the Imperial City, there are two Tu Fu, about 7 meters high, standing opposite each other, called que. There are two small mounds between the two mounds, each about 3 meters high. There are three passages between the big and small tufu, the main gate (Meridian Gate) in the middle and the left and right que gates on both sides. The layout of the imperial city is regular and rigorous.

historical background

According to historical records, when a Guda became emperor, he only set up felt tents (called emperor's Village) and built palaces in his later years. In 1124, Emperor Taizong of Jin Dynasty began to build the Imperial City in the South City, which was initially named Huining state. King Taizong was built as the capital and promoted to Huining Prefecture. In August of 1138, the first year of emperor Tianjun, Emperor Xizong of Jin Dynasty took the capital as Shangjing, and his government called Huining, which began to be called Shangjing. In the spring of 1146, a large-scale expansion was carried out in accordance with the scale of Bianjing, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, which laid the foundation of the two cities. In the first year of Zhenyuan (1153), hailing King moved his capital to Yanjing. In the second year of Zhenglong (1157), he cut the name of Shangjing and destroyed palaces and temples. In July of the 13th year of Dading (1173), Jin Shizong regained the title of Shangjing and became the capital of Jin Dynasty. In the 21st year of Dading, Jin Shizong rebuilt the capital. Two years later, they built green bricks inside and outside. In the early Qing Dynasty, the brick and stone walls of the city were well preserved. Later, the "battlements of the city" were demolished and transported by the vice capital of alechuka to build Acheng (now the county government), which was destroyed.

Address: 2 km south of Acheng City

Longitude: 126.980809

Latitude: 45.512363

Tel: 0451-85978600

Ticket information: adult ticket: 20 yuan, child ticket: 10 yuan