Longquan mountain

Longquan Mountain is located in Longquan Township, Jiangxia District, Wuhan city. Shandong Province is surrounded by water in the north and south, Liangzi Lake in the sea famous for its rich Wuchang fish in the East, and two mountains in the north and south, stretching for 9 kilometers from west to East, forming a trend of playing with dragons and pearls with the scenic spots in the basin, forming a 7.6 square kilometer Valley Scenic Belt in the scenic area. According to Jiangxia county annals, "Longquan Mountain was called Lingquan mountain in ancient times, and it got its name because of the bright green and sweet spring pool in Lingquan temple." Longquan Mountain is surrounded by dragons and towering peaks. The three sides of the mountain face Niushan lake and Sanchagang. Between the boundless blue waves, Yunshan, Dalong mountain, Erlong mountain, Longzhang peak, Yuping peak, Tianma peak and Maan peak rise meandering. Since ancient times, it has been regarded as a "blessed land" surrounded by mountains and water, beautiful lakes and mountains, and quiet forest and spring. The human history of Longquan Mountain can be traced back to the Western Han Dynasty. At that time, this area was the fiefdom of Fan Jian, the Marquis of Wuyang, named Jiangxia, so its mountain was called Jiangxia mountain. In the early years of Tang Dynasty, it was renamed Jiashan, which means that the two mountains are separated by roads. In the last years of Tianbao in the Tang Dynasty, Prime Minister Li Xi built a house and dug the ground to get the spring, forming two wells in the East and the West. When the east well breathed, it was sunny, and when the west well had no gas, it was rainy. So it was also called Lingquan mountain. Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, took Wuchang as the fief of fan Kuai. After fan Kuai died, he was buried at the foot of Tianma peak. Since the Han Dynasty, many hermits have moved to Lingquan mountain to live in seclusion, thus becoming the ancient city of Lingquan, "better than a city in shape.". According to the annals of Jiangxia County written by Tongzhi of the Qing Dynasty, "the ancient city of Lingquan began in the Han Dynasty and flourished in the Tang and Song dynasties." In the valley basin, which is 7 square kilometers around the mountain, there are Lingquan temple, Tingsong Pavilion, Yuantiao Pavilion, Daguan bridge, Chunlu Pavilion, Qiushuang Pavilion, qingyujing, Baihui garden, longguixiyuchi, liaoertang, hanshanlou, wanjuan library, baishoutai, etc. These magnificent pavilions and pavilions were built here by the reclusive officials of fan, Li, Du, Zhang, Shen, Zeng, Dong and Zou. For example, "wanjuan bookstore" was built by Li Xi, Prime Minister of Tang Dynasty; "Hanshan Pavilion" was built by Zhang Yunyu, poet of Song Dynasty; "Wanshou terrace" was built by Shen Ruyun, Prime Minister of Yuan Dynasty. In addition, the famous Jin Dynasty governor Tao Kan was also buried here.

Longquan mountains

synonym

Longquan Mountain (Sichuan Longquan Mountain) generally refers to the Longquan mountains

This entry is compiled and applied by "popular science China" Science Encyclopedia

to examine

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Longquan Mountain range is located in the west of Sichuan Basin, which is the eastern edge of Chengdu Plain (the western edge is Longmen mountain range), with a north-south trend. Longquan Mountain range is the watershed between Minjiang River and Tuojiang River, and also the natural boundary between Chengdu Plain and hills in Central Sichuan. Longquan Mountain range is 200 kilometers long and 10 kilometers wide. The whole mountain range is narrow and long.

During the period of the Republic of China, the mountain range was called Lutou mountain range.

The districts and counties along the Longquan mountains are the main settlements of Hakkas in Sichuan. Taking Xihe town in Chengdu as an example, 95% of the residents in the town are Hakkas of Guangdong nationality.

geographical position

Longquan Mountain range is located between 103 ° 40 ′ - 104 ° 40 ′ E and 29 ° 40 ′ - 30 ° 30 ′ n, trending South (by West) and North (by East). It is the eastern mountain range of Chengdu Plain (the western mountain range is Longmen mountain range). It starts from Anzhou District of Mianyang City in the north, passes through Fucheng District, Deyang City, Zhongjiang County, Guanghan City, Jintang County, Longquanyi District of Chengdu City, Shuangliu District, Jianyang City and Renshou County of Chengdu City, and ends at Leshan City in the south.

The mountain range is 200 kilometers long and 10 kilometers wide. The whole mountain range is narrow and long. In the west of Sichuan Basin and the east of Chengdu Plain, the mountains form a high and narrow uplift, with Chengdu Plain in the West and hills in the middle of Sichuan in the East. The mountain range is generally 1000 meters above sea level, with the highest peak at 1051 meters above sea level in Longquanyi District, Chengdu City.

Longquan Mountain is called Longquan Mountain in Chengdu. It was called "Fendong mountain" in Tang Dynasty (fendongling in Wenwang tablet of Northern Zhou Dynasty and Fendong mountain in Jianzhou annals). In Song Dynasty, it was renamed "Lingquan mountain" with Lingquan County, and in Ming Dynasty, it was renamed "Longquan Mountain". It is a famous spring resort and the hometown of papaya fruit in Chengdu. In the scenic spot, there are the stele of King Wen of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the mausoleum of King Shu Fu, and the cliff statues. There is also an ancient Shijing Temple behind the mountain. It rises according to the mountain and has a large scale.

Vegetation condition

Arable land accounts for more than half of the mountain area. The forest vegetation is secondary natural forest or artificial forest, which is distributed in patches surrounded by agricultural land, and only in the upper part of the mountain there is a large area of forest. The forest coverage is about 23%. The main tree species are: cypress, alder, masson pine, oak. The whole forest is single layer forest, the tree height is 15-20m, and the shrub under the forest is rare. Most of the hollows in the forest are covered with yellow backed grass.

agricultural production

People living in Longquan Mountain range almost all live by planting crops. Loquat is a special product in Longquanshan area of Sichuan Province.

The forest area of Longquan Mountain in Chengdu is about 50 square kilometers. There are more than 400 varieties of fruits, such as peach, pear, apple, loquat and grape. Among them, peach is famous for its big skin, thin skin, fresh color and juicy juice. The newly introduced Kyoho grape, Dongting loquat and Datian plum are well-known both inside and outside the province.

Every spring, when peach and pear flowers are in full bloom, the whole Longquan Mountain is beautiful, which is a good place for Chengdu people to go for an outing.

climate

The annual average temperature in Longquan Mountain area is 16 ℃, and the annual precipitation is 920 mm. In October and early November every year, cloudy and sunny days alternate in Longquan mountains. The temperature is between 10-21 ℃, and the northerly or northerly wind is 1-2.

The monthly average temperature and precipitation in Longquan mountains are as follows

Scenery

Yunding mountain

Yunding mountain, located in the middle of Longquan mountains, is a famous tourist attraction near Chengdu. Yunding mountain is located in Jintang County, Chengdu. The scenic spots include xiaoyunding mountain, Hantan ancient ferry, Jintang Three Gorges, jiulongtan, Sanxue temple, Paotai mountain and Tianxing cave, covering an area of 67 square kilometers.

Dayunding mountain, 982 meters above sea level, is tall and straight, with steep cliffs falling into the clouds. It is surrounded by several miles like a knife and axe. There are dozens of acres of flat land on it, which is like a city wall. Therefore, it is also known as "Shicheng mountain". It is one of the eight defense systems of mountain cities in the late Song Dynasty, and it is a famous anti yuan Castle site. On the mountain, there are many beautiful sceneries, such as "sunrise on cloud top", "sea of clouds on fog mountain", "clear haze on cloud top". The dayunding temple on the top of the mountain was built in the northern and Southern Dynasties. It was called Qingxiu temple at that time and rebuilt during the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty.

There are stone sculptures of the Tang Dynasty on the mountain. Xiaoyunding mountain is 2.5km away from dayuanding mountain. The peak is thin. There are more than 110 kinds of trees in the whole mountain. The sun is covered with thick shade and the mountain is green. Jintang small Three Gorges is cut off by Tuojiang River and formed by Longquan Mountain range. The gorge is 10 kilometers long, with high mountains and deep valleys. The river water rushes out of the gorge, which is magnificent.

Migration of migratory birds

The migratory route is the same every year. Spring is the breeding season of migratory birds, they will fly from south to north; in autumn, they will return to the south to overwinter. Among the eight major migratory routes in the world, three will pass through China, and the one closely related to Sichuan is the migration route from Central Asia to the Indian peninsula. After entering Sichuan, the migration route from Central Asia to the Indian peninsula can be divided into three branches. In the eastern route, the migratory birds from Shaanxi Province migrate southward, along the Jialing River and through Eastern Sichuan into Chongqing and Guizhou; in the middle route, the migratory birds will move along Longquan Mountain range and Chengdu Plain into Guizhou and Yunnan; in the western route, the migratory birds mainly migrate from Liangshan Mountain, Qionglai mountain range and other places along Hengduan Mountain range. The main route of birds migration in Sichuan Province is along the middle line of Longquan mountains and Chengdu Plain. In addition, the middle line and the east line are also migration channels for trans provincial and transnational migratory birds.

Relic sites

Since ancient times, Yunding mountain has been a must for military strategists. The Southern Song dynasty built the city here. During the song and Yuan wars, they moved to Chengdu Fu Road, Chuanfu Road, Anjun and other places successively. They set up the "Lixu division" to defend the city. After many battles, they held on for 15 years, and finally lost because of the exhaustion of food in the city. At present, there are 8 gates and military sites, such as urn City, one word wall, battery, barracks, Tianchi, well, sentry box, water army wharf, etc.

Forest Park

Longquanshan Urban Forest Park starts from Jintang County in the north, Tianfu New District in the south, Longquanyi District in the West and Jianyang City in the East. It covers the Chengdu section of Longquan mountains on the eastern edge of Chengdu Plain, six districts (cities) and counties including Chengdu high tech Zone, Chengdu Tianfu new area, Longquanyi District, Qingbaijiang District, Jianyang City and Jintang County, and covers "three lakes and one mountain" (Sancha lake, Longquan Lake, Cuiping Lake and Longquan Mountain). The park is only 30km away from the central urban area of Chengdu. It is the nearest mountain to the urban area of Chengdu. It is close to the airport and the high-speed rail gateway hub. It is 15km away from Tianfu International Airport, 25km away from Shuangliu International Airport, 5km away from Tianfu station of high-speed rail and 15km away from Chengdu east station.

The construction of urban forest in Longquan Mountain mainly realizes five main functions: ecological function, service function, industrial function, landscape function, cultural function, and the most important is to realize ecological function. Green isolation, soil and water conservation, climate regulation, oxygen generation and humidification will be the green welfare of the forest park for Chengdu.

The planning layout of urban forest in Longquan Mountain is "two districts and three belts, three lakes and ten gardens, and dense dot network".

Two zones: urban forest ecological zone and peripheral ecological coordination zone.

The three belts refer to the "ridge ecological landscape belt", "West foot recreation service belt" and "east foot industrial landscape belt" of Longquan Mountain