Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung port used to be the third largest container throughput port in the world for a long time, second only to Hong Kong and Singapore. The import and export of containers reached a historical record of 9.4 million TEU in 2004. Recently, due to the competition and challenge from other ports in the region, the throughput of Hong Kong has declined slightly. In 2005, the throughput of containers in Hong Kong was 9.47 million TEU, which is the only one among the top 20 ports in the world.
In recent years, due to the industrial transformation in Taiwan (the value of exports is high, small, even need to be transported by air, and the products of low value and large volume of shipping are moving to the mainland), and with the opening of the Chinese mainland, the advantage of relatively cheap labor, the huge increase in international trade and the influence of the mainland's wide built deepwater port, Kaohsiung port business is on the decline. In order to save the competitiveness of Kaohsiung port and attract foreign businessmen, the Taiwan government actively implements the policy of free trade port, plans "intercontinental freight center", and demands that Kaohsiung port be truly built into an Asia Pacific Operation Center after direct shipping.
Kaohsiung port is located in Kaohsiung City, formerly known as Dagou port. It is the most important commercial port in southern Taiwan and the largest port in Taiwan. It is a large comprehensive port. Kaohsiung port is located in Kaohsiung bay at the south entrance of Taiwan Strait. Kaohsiung Bay is a narrow small bay, 12 kilometers long and 1-1.5 kilometers wide. The entrance is only 100 meters wide. It is shaped like a pocket. The harbor in the bay is wide, deep and calm. It is a good natural harbor. The water area of the port area is 1276 hectares, with two sea entrances and 18 km long channel. There are two sets of breakwaters in the port area. The south breakwater of the first entrance is 938 meters long and the north breakwater is 940 meters long; the south breakwater of the second entrance is 2190 meters long and the north breakwater is 5995 meters long. The width of the first gate is 200-260 meters, and that of the second gate is 300-350 meters. The water depth of the channel and port area is 11.3-16.0 meters, which can be used for 150000 DWT sea going ships to enter and berth. There are two anchorages in the water area of the port area, with a radius of 2km in the north area and 2.5km in the south area. There are 24 groups of buoy berths, which can moor 24 ships of 10000 DWT or above, and 2 buoys for super tankers, which can moor 150000 DWT and 250000 DWT giant tankers respectively. The anchorage can accommodate more than 190 ships.
The land area of the port area is over 1400 hectares. There are more than 100 operating wharves in Hong Kong, including more than 30 deep-water wharves of 10000 tons or above. The boundary line of the wharves is more than 22 kilometers long, and the water depth of the wharf front is 10.5-16.0 meters, which can be used for berthing nearly 100 10000 tons ships at the same time. Among them, there are 15 container wharves with a total length of 4.400 meters, and the water depth of the wharf front is 10.5-14.5 meters. There are 96 freight warehouses with a capacity of 576000 tons and more than 20 cargo yards with a capacity of 570000 tons. There are 3 container yards for container storage and transshipment. The port terminal has more than 1000 handling machines, including more than 170 container handling bridges and handling machines. Modern management has been realized in terminal handling industry.
Historical evolution
Kaohsiung port was located in a small fishing village in the late Ming Dynasty. During the invasion of the Netherlands and Zheng Chenggong's visit to Taiwan, it was developed. In the early Qing Dynasty, it became the commodity distribution center of Gaoping area. In 1858, the Sino British Treaty of Tianjin opened the port for trade, and in 1863, the Kaohsiung Customs was established. During the Japanese occupation period, the Japanese discovered that the harbor was shallow, with reefs and rocks, and shoals outside it The key figure of the plan is Hiro Kawakami, a technician of the Civil Engineering Bureau of the governor's office of Taiwan. He started many plans after 1900, and reached the peak of the throughput of Kaohsiung port in 1939. In October 1945, the "Kaohsiung Port Authority" was formally established to take charge of the port affairs, salvage the postwar sunken ships and clean up the waterway. After 1959, the normal operation of Kaohsiung port was resumed. After 1959, the 12 year expansion plan of Kaohsiung port was launched In 2000, five container centers and eight new deep-water wharves were built in Kaohsiung port, which is what we see today.
Kaohsiung port used to be the third largest port of ocean freight in the world for a long time, second only to Hong Kong and Singapore. At present, the import and export volume of Kaohsiung Port accounts for about 66% of Taiwan's total. According to Taiwan's "today's news", Kaohsiung Port ranked among the world's top 20 container ports in 2008, dropping from the 8th to the 12th, with throughput down 5.7%. With the realization of the two sides, Kaohsiung port has strengthened maritime exchanges with Chinese mainland ports. According to Taiwan's "China Times" report, the first good news came from the cross-strait port cooperation. Dalian port and Kaohsiung port are scheduled to be sister ports on the 14th, which is the first important port alliance between the two sides since the realization of direct shipping. In the future, the two sides will strengthen cooperation, open up routes, and expand talent exchange and logistics. As Dalian port is the most important raw material export port in Northeast China, the cooperation between the two ports is conducive to the development of industries in southern Taiwan.
In 1895, according to the Treaty of Shimonoseki, Taiwan ceded Japan. The democratic state of Taiwan was founded and launched war resistance. The Japanese army occupied the harbor area in September 1896. In order to strengthen the freight transport function of Hong Kong, Japan launched several plans after 1900. In 1912, seven wharves with a capacity of 3000 tons were initially built. The second reconstruction was completed in 1937, with 8000 tons of ships, 16 docks and 19 warehouses. 10000 ton ships can also enter and leave the port area. In terms of air routes, in 1924, there were Kaohsiung Yokohama line, Kaohsiung Guangdong line, Kaohsiung Tianjin line, Taiwan Manchuria national line, etc., with a total trade throughput of 1.58 million tons in that year. In 1939, the throughput rose to 3.2 million tons, reaching the peak of Japanese occupation of Kaohsiung.
After the mid-1944, the Allied forces launched a counter offensive in the Pacific battlefield. The US military has gradually won victories in New Guinea, Saipan Island and the Philippines. The air force has been able to directly air attack Taiwan and Ryukyu. After October, the port of Kaohsiung was heavily bombed by the allies, and all the docks and warehouses were almost destroyed. In order to avoid the use of Hong Kong to replenish the Navy after the US occupation, the Japanese army sank five big ships and blocked the Harbor Road, making Kaohsiung Port almost a dead port.
The period of the Republic of China
After Japan was defeated in 1945 and the national government came to Taiwan to take over, the Kaohsiung Port Authority was formally set up in October to take charge of Hong Kong's business, salvaging sunken ships to clean up the waterway, and the normal operation of Hong Kong began in 1955. After 1959, Hong Kong launched a 12-year expansion plan and other measures. By 1980, there were 27 deep-water wharves and 2 shallow water wharves in Kaohsiung port. It is attached with Kaohsiung processing and export zone, qianzhen fishing port, coastal industrial zone, consistent operation steel mill, China shipyard, and the first, second, third and fourth container center. By 2000, five container centers and eight new deep-water terminals have been built in Hong Kong, with an operating capacity of 10 million TEUs.
Current director
Hsieh Ming Fai, director of Kaohsiung port.
Sightseeing Ship
When you come to Kaohsiung port, you can take a sightseeing boat to enjoy the beautiful scenery of Kaohsiung port. The route of the sightseeing boat is anticlockwise, around the first and second ports of Kaohsiung and Qijin island. In the process, the commentary tapes will be played on the sightseeing boat, or the special person will explain for the tourists in a funny way, talking about all kinds of Kaohsiung port. The third wharf of Kaohsiung port is just facing the first port of Kaohsiung port, with the flag on the left Tsushima, leaning on Shoushan, ascends the viewing platform