Cheshi ancient road

Cheshi ancient road, spanning the north and south of Tianshan Mountains, is an ancient road with a history of more than 2000 years. It is an important traffic trunk line in the early western regions, and also the most representative route of climate vertical zone and vegetation vertical zone in China.

Cheshi ancient road

Cheshi ancient road, spanning the north and south of Tianshan Mountains, is an ancient road with a history of more than 2000 years. It is an important traffic trunk line in the early western regions, and also the most representative route of climate vertical zone and vegetation vertical zone in China. With a total length of 200 kilometers, the route is described in the remnant volume of Xizhou tujing found in Dunhuang Sutra cave.

Cheshi ancient road scenic spot in Xinjiang is located in quanzijie Town, Jimsar County, 220 kilometers away from Urumqi, about 2 hours by car. The scenic spot is 32 kilometers away from Jimusaer County, with county and township roads.

brief introduction

It refers to the passage from Dalongkou, quanzijie Township, Jimsar County, Xinjiang, South to Tianshan Mountain and Lukeqin, Turpan City, also known as Jinling ancient road. Since the Han and Tang Dynasties, Cheshi ancient road is a shortcut connecting the middle road and the North Road of the silk road. It connects Cheshi's later country with the former country, so it is called Cheshi ancient road. In the Tang Dynasty, it is called "Ta tunnel".

history

Cheshi ancient road is 200 kilometers long, with a history of more than 2000 years, from Dalongkou, quanzijie Town, Jimsar County, Xinjiang, to the south of Tianshan Mountain and to the ancient city of Jiaohe, Turpan city.

In the Western Han Dynasty, the Cheshi kingdom in the western regions was divided into two parts: the former and the latter, which lived across mountains. With the development of trade, information transmission, summer and winter, the ancient Cheshi road was gradually formed.

During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Geng Gong, a famous general, guarded Shule city and finally opened the ancient road to Yumen pass. In A.D. 126, ban Yong walked along this ancient road in Cheshi Houguo, which was famous in the north and south. In the Tang Dynasty, Anxi Dufu was set up in Jiaohe City, and Beiting Dufu was set up in Cheshi Houguo. The two places were connected by Cheshi ancient road, which was 170 kilometers less than Urumqi. Its important position and value can be seen.

The lion king of Gaochang in Uighur lived in Gaochang in winter and went to Beiting in summer to spend the summer, passing through Cheshi mountain road; the envoy King Yande of Song Dynasty went to Gaochang and went to Beiting on Cheshi ancient road. There were still merchants on the ancient road in the Qing Dynasty.

However, with the development of the transportation industry, the number of pedestrians on the ancient road is gradually decreasing, and the ancient road is beginning to be abandoned. However, in the middle of summer, herdsmen still drive flocks of sheep to the north of Tianshan Mountain from time to time. This habit of feeding from the south to the north is still accomplished through this way.

characteristic

Cheshi ancient road connects the eastern section of the Silk Road to Chang'an in the East, the broken leaf road to Central Asia in the west, the Uighur road to the Mongolian Plateau in the north, and the Xizhou road to Liuzhong in the south. It is the throat fortress of the silk road. Dalonggou, also known as jimusagou, is now called Changshan canal. It runs southward to Tianshan mountain pass, Shule mountain in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and jiabawan today. It is the first mountain pass leading to Turpan. Since then, step by step, we have to cross six bridges to reach the peak of Bingdaban. From the mountain pass to toudao bridge, the mountain road is wide and flat, the mountain current is flying, the forest is blue and the cliff is green. Through Erdaoqiao, there is a golden cave several feet deep by the cliff. The east ridge of sandaoqiao is called Jingou, and there are also large stone mills for grinding gold, so it is also called jinshaling. There are many stone wall foundations on the grass beach around the bridge, which is the site of the old inn. The mountain road is more and more dangerous. It is about 1 meter wide and 40 meters long. It passes through a crack in the stone. It is known as "Shimenzi", that is, sidaoqiao. In front of wudaoqiao, there are only ten houses with broken walls, commonly known as Shangdian. Liudao bridge, also known as overpass, is the highest and most dangerous of the six bridges. The slope is steep and smooth. The bridge is more than 20 meters above the water. The rocks on both sides crisscross, and the terrain is dangerous. More than 21 kilometers from Shankou to liudaoqiao, and more than 4 kilometers ahead, dabanling is more than 4000 meters above sea level and covered with snow all the year round. There is a stone fortress on the west slope of Daban, with a remnant height of 4 meters and a diameter of more than 10 meters. There are plum blossom piles on the stone layer, which seems to be a fence. It is suspected to be an ancient observation station or beacon. From Daban southbound to shiyaozigou, he passed between the two cliffs, with a line of sky above his head, known as "xiashimenzi". Continue down the mountain to Shiwu, more than 30 kilometers ahead is tarlangou in front of Sanchakou. There is an ancient city in the ditch, and there are tombs nearby, covering an area of more than 1 mu. This is the only way to Turpan.

effect

On the ancient Silk Road, there were many passable mountain roads for business and army to cross the eastern Tianshan Mountains from southern Xinjiang to northern Xinjiang. The ancient road of zhongcheshi was the most convenient. It shortened the journey by more than 170 kilometers compared with the detour of Urumqi. There were many post stations along the way, and the traffic was heavy. In the Qing Dynasty, there were still merchants and poor people who worked short-term jobs. Today, the livestock transfer in Turpan and Jimsar still pass through the road, and small traders occasionally sell agricultural and animal husbandry products through the ancient road.

history

The history of Cheshi Ancient Road (his tunnel) can be traced back to Han Dynasty at least. It is one of the oldest ancient roads in Turpan and even Xinjiang.

"Xizhou tujing" records: he tunnel, right road out of Jiaohe County boundary, to the northwest to Liugu, Tongting state 450 Li, enough water and grass, only through people and horses. A similar record can be found in the article of Jiaohe County, Xizhou, in the new geography of the Tang Dynasty: "there is a Longquan Pavilion 80 Li north of the county, and a hundred and thirty Li north of the valley, passing Liugu, jinshaling, Shihui, Hanxu, and Beiting to protect the city." This record is similar to what he recorded in his tunnel, actually referring to the same road. Wang Yande took this road from Gaochang to Beiting. This is an important passage from Xizhou (today's Turpan) to Tingzhou (today's Jimsar).

The general direction of his tunnel (Cheshi ancient road) is as follows: northbound from Turpan railway station (along the river) to Yaer Township ranch (five-star Ranch), crossing qiongdaban, and reaching jimusar via quanzi street.

Crossing route

Route description

Urumqi, Turpan, a big river, along a five-star ranch, qiongdaban, Liuzhi, yidaoqiao, hydrologic station, quanzi street, Jimsar, Urumqi

The actual walking distance is about 42 km from Wuxing ranch to the end of hydrological station. The difficulty of the route is moderate, suitable for most hikers. The best hiking season is from May to October every year.

Necessary equipment

Tents, backpacks, sleeping bags, damp proof mats and other camping equipment, rainproof equipment, good walking shoes. We have a suit, pants, fleece jacket, Fleece Pants and spare socks. 3-4 days of food, commonly used drugs, along the way with water supplement, with a small amount of water on the line.

Round trip route

You can take the train from Urumqi to daheyan, and then rent an off-road vehicle or truck to the five-star ranch. After walking, you can rent a truck in the village near the hydrological station and send it to quanzi street. There is a minibus in quanzi street leading to Jimsar County. After arriving at Jimsar, you can take a shuttle bus back to Urumqi.

Itinerary

D1: a big river in Urumqi starts from Urumqi along a five-star ranch, and after arriving at the big river, rents an off-road vehicle or truck to camp at the five-star ranch. This is the starting point for hiking.

D2: an earth rock kiln in Wuxing Ranch

Starting from Wuxing ranch, about 3 km to Sanchakou. On the east side of Sanchakou, the valley kaleke Aiken leads to the summer pasture deep in Tianshan Mountain, and on the right side is shiyaozi Aiken. Along shiyaozi Aiken to the north by the west, through huangyanggou, all the way upstream to shangshiyaozi camp.

D3: earth rock kiln - qiongdaban - liudao Bridge

After crossing qiongdaban, you will arrive at liudaoqiao. Two kilometers down the liudao bridge, there is a grassland, which is an ideal camp.

D4: liudaoqiao, quanzi street, jibensar and Urumqi

Starting from liudaoqiao, one way downhill, through wudaoqiao, sidaoqiao, Erdaoqiao, Erdaoqiao and yidaoqiao, we can reach the village near the hydrological station. Rent a truck in the village to quanzi street, then transfer to Jimsar County, and then take the bus back to Urumqi.

Address: quanzijie Township, Jimsar County, Xinjiang

Longitude: 89.16785

Latitude: 43.790335

Tour time: 1 to 3 days

Traffic information: take a bus to Jimsar County at the passenger station in the northern suburb of Urumqi, and then take a taxi to Cheshi ancient road scenic spot. The taxi fee is about 80-100 yuan.

Ticket information: Tickets 45 ocean, according to the time to bring their own food.

Opening hours: the best time to visit is from May to October. It's hard to walk in the snow in the mountains at other times.