Dashan pass

The great loss is also called the pass. It is one of China's passes, located 26 kilometers southwest of Baoji City, on dashanling.

The situation of Dashan pass is extremely dangerous. It is the "throat of the Qin and Shu Dynasties". Dashan pass is not only the end of the south mountain to the west, but also the beginning of Longshou to the East. The rivers and rivers of the Qing Dynasty surround it. In ancient times, it was called "Guan" as the meeting of mountains and rivers, and the intersection of North and south. If you go down to the north, you will not benefit Liang; if you go down to the south, you will not benefit Guanzhong. Since the beginning of Yu's reign, San Guan has always been a Confucian school. Its lofty and majestic danger, there is a poem as evidence: "in the past long-distance days, the color is thin, snowflakes are like palms fluttering on clothes, but at the top of the mountain, you can see the place where people come, and your body is as suspicious as birds flying." The Dashan pass in the past was a grand pass with "heavy gate facing huge pier, and many buildings rising from outside".

Dashan pass

Sanguan pass is the pass of the Zhou Dynasty, so it is called Sanguan pass. One of the four passes in Guanzhong of China. Located at the northern foot of Qinling Mountain in the southern suburb of Baoji City, it has been the "throat of Sichuan and Shaanxi" since ancient times. In the Qin and Han Dynasties (206 BC), Liu Bang "built a plank road in the open and lived in the dark" just passed by here. During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Cao's expedition to the West also passed through here. According to Chen Shou's annals of the Three Kingdoms, "in the spring of the sixth year of Jianxing, Liang came back to disperse the pass and surrounded Chencang, but Cao Zhen refused." Sanguan is a transportation hub with a very important strategic position. Lu You, a famous poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, wrote Book indignation, one of which is "the snowy boat crossing Guazhou at night, the iron horse blowing away in autumn.". Since ancient times, it has been the "throat of Sichuan and Shaanxi" and a place for military strategists.

Historical evolution

According to historical records, there were more than 70 battles in dashanguan. Dashanguan was set up in the Western Han Dynasty (the name of dashanguan should have started in the Qin Dynasty at the latest) and abandoned in the late Ming Dynasty. There is a stone tablet of "Qinling Mountain" at the site of the pass. In the east of the ancient sanguanmen site on the sanguanling mountain, there is a stone tablet of "ancient dashanguan site".

Liu Bang, the king of the Han Dynasty, adopted Han Xinzhi's saying that he built the plank road in the open and crossed Chencang in the dark. He went out of Chencang from the old way in the middle of the Han Dynasty and returned to Sanqin through this pass. In the second year of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 26), yancen led his troops to Sanguan and Chencang. In the 20th year of Jian'an (215 AD), Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, Cao Cao attacked Zhang Lu and passed the SHANGUAN pass from Chencang. In 228 ad, Zhuge Liang left Sanguan and surrounded Chencang.

In May 1131, in the fourth year of Jianyan and the eighth year of jintianhui in the Southern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1130), after the defeat of the battle of Fuping, song general Wu Xun collected the remnant soldiers and settled in the monk yuan. After the establishment of the gate village, the Jin soldiers had reached the original level. Some people advised Wu to move to Hanzhong and keep the entrance to Shu. Wu thought: "I will keep this. The enemy will never dare to go beyond me! When a strong wall comes up, he is afraid of me creeping behind him. That's why he protects Shu. " Sure enough, he defeated the invading Jin Bing. In May of the next year, Jin didn't set up a husband and didn't convert Wulu into a bandit. Fengxiang did not stand out, equivalent to from the stage, into, Fengzhou out of the Dashan pass. At that time, Wu was short of food, so his soldiers had no fighting spirit. Wu and his younger brother Wu Zhen summoned the generals, inspired them with loyalty and righteousness, and swore with blood, which made the soldiers excited. The Wulu soldiers came first and formed in the northern part of the monk yuan. The song army fought repeatedly and lost a lot. At this time, without Lang Junzheng's attack, Wu xuanbing fought hard, so that the two Jin soldiers could not meet and lost. In October, Wanyan zongbi (Jin Wushu) moved troops from Xihe River to see Shu, and led 100000 soldiers to build a floating bridge from Baoji to cross Wei River. Wu sent Wu Li, Lei Zhong, etc. to meet the enemy with "garrison arrow". He used cavalry to cut off his grain, and fought for more than 30 times. Wan Yanzong bi was defeated by the arrow. The song army won the battle.

Traffic information

Along the Baoji Hanzhong highway to Dashan pass, Baoji City to participate in the "one-day tour" by coach.

strategic role

Dashanguan, also known as "Sanguan". It is located on Qingjiang River bank at 19.5km of Sichuan Shaanxi highway in the southern suburb of Baoji City. It is named after the name of dashanling (i.e. Sangu water). It is a key cultural relic protection unit in Shaanxi Province. Its site, the scope of South Qinling Liang, North erliguan.

Due to its important strategic position, Dashan pass has been one of the four gateways in Guanzhong since ancient times (Hangu pass in the East, Wuguan pass in the south, Dashan pass in the West and Xiaoguan pass in the North). Not only that, because of its special geographical location, from ancient times to the present, it is also a place for literati, dignitaries and ordinary people to visit. It is said that "when Laozi traveled to the west, he met Guan, and Yin was happy to leave Guan", and he was awarded a volume of Tao Te Ching. Cao Cao passed the Dashan pass and left the poem "Dashan pass in the morning". In the Tang Dynasty, Wang Bo, Wang Wei, cen Shen, Du Fu, Li Shangyin and so on, especially in the Song Dynasty, Lu You and Su Dongpo wrote the most poems about dashangguan and had the greatest influence. Such as Lu You's "boat night snow Guazhou ferry, iron horse autumn wind clearance." It is mentioned in many poems. Standing at the site of the pass and looking into the distance, you can see that there are many mountains, and the ancient trees are luxuriant. The peaks on both sides are like crouching oxen, running horses, and airtight natural barriers. Dashanling, Qingjiang River turbulence. The natural scenery here is particularly beautiful.

Travel Tips

Transportation: under the Dashan pass of Baoji Hanzhong highway, Baoji one-day tour coach.

Ticket price: 40 yuan

Address: Southwest of xibaoji City, Weibin District, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province

Longitude: 107.014579

Latitude: 34.270038

Tel: 13709170800

Ticket information: 40 yuan

Opening hours: 08:00 ~ 18:00