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(notes on materia medica)

Another name: Muli (Chinese tree taxonomy) and Chaenomeles (medicinal materials).

[source] it is the fruit of Lagerstroemia.

Plant morphology??

Shrubs or small trees, 2.5-8 m high. Buds small, pubescent, covered with scales. The branches are numerous and clumped, the branchlets are villous and slightly twisted. The leaves are broad ovate to oblong, 5-10 cm long, apex pointed, base round or subcordate, entire, smooth on the top, dark green, densely tomentose below; petiole 1-1.8 cm long, tomentose. Flowers and leaves open at the top of twigs at the same time, 4-6 cm in diameter; sepals 5, entire, recurved, villous; petals 5, white or light red, obovate; stamens 20; ovary inferior, 5-locular, style 5, free, pubescent at the lower part. Pear, pear shaped or apple shaped, yellow, fragrant, covered with villi, about 7 cm in diameter, containing most seeds. The flowering period is May. The fruiting period is October.

It is cultivated in Jiangsu, Shandong, Hubei, Hebei, Shaanxi and Northeast China.

The bark of this plant is also used for medicine. See the special section for details.

[collection] when the fruit is ripe, it is picked, vertically divided into two parts, and sun dried.

[medicinal material] the dried fruit is pear shaped, hard and often cut into two halves. The skin is smooth without wrinkle, dark red or yellowish brown; the flesh is thick and thick, with granular section and no curl at the edge. The flesh is light yellowish brown with seed falling off. The taste is slightly sour and astringent. Papaya is also used in a few areas.

[chemical composition] the mature fruit contains 10.58% sugar (mainly fructose, accounting for 6.27%), 0.66% tannin, 4.7% protopectin, 1.22% organic acid (malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid) and volatile oil. The pericarp contains heptyl ethyl ether and nonyl ethyl ether with special fruit odor. The seed contains 20% of clay, 0.53% of amygdalin, 8.15% of fatty oil, and glycerides of myristic acid and isooleic acid.

The leaves contain alkaloids 0.0349%, glucosides 0.281%, gallol tannin 5.18-5.56%, mucilage 7.72%, ketose 3.05%, aldose 0.87%, lipid 4.83%, and vitamin C 0.05%_ 118 mg% etc. Cyanosides were also found in the leaves.

[pharmacological action] seeds contain a lot of mucilage, which can be applied together with other drugs to reduce irritation and delay absorption. The toxic dose of pectin (4%, dissolved in normal saline) to mice was 1.8 g / kg, which resulted in the disorder of visceral circulation. At the concentration of 0.03-0.046 g / kg, the clotting time was reduced by 50-80%. The water or alcohol extracts of leaves can enhance the heart and respiration of mice without any toxicity. Intravenous injection in cats and rabbits increased heart rate, but had no significant effect on autonomic nervous system. Alcohol extract can reduce the blood pressure. Contraction of isolated rabbit ear blood vessels, inhibit the peristalsis and tension of isolated small intestine.

[nature and taste] Kaibao materia medica: "sour and sweet, slightly warm, non-toxic. "

[function indications] Xiaqi, Xiaoshi. Treatment of vomiting acid water, food accumulation, chest tightness.

① "Haiyao Materia Medica": "it is mainly used for diarrhea, intestinal deficiency and heat, dispersing wine gas, and is suitable for raw food. "

② "RI Hua Zi's materia medica:" in addition to thirst, Qi. "

③ "Kaibao Materia Medica": "the main temperature in the lower gas, digestion, in addition to the heart vinegar water, deodorization. "

④ "Ben Cao Tu Jing": "it can cure the accumulation of food in the chest and diaphragm, remove vinegar and water, and quench thirst with Qi. If you want to lie down and eat one or two pieces, it is suitable for both raw and cooked food. "

[taboo] "food Materia Medica" says: "it's not suitable to eat more because it can cause toxic heat, secret the large intestine, gather phlegm in the chest, and block the blood vessels. "