Insect white wax

Insect white wax

(compendium of Materia Medica)

[synonyms] insect wax, wood wax, tree wax, and wax paste.

[source] it is the male of cercidae, which inhabits on the white wax secreted by the branches of cercidaceae, Ligustrum lucidum and other species of Ligustrum.

[animal morphology] Fraxinus

The female is oval, 1.2-1.5 mm long. The body surface is brown with dark spots. One pair of single eye, and chitin needle absorbers. It has no wings, and its antennae and feet are underdeveloped. The abdomen is grayish yellow, with many sharp spines, arranged along the edge of the body. There is a deep depression at the end. The body color of male is the same as that of female. At the beginning of hatching, it is similar to the female, but has thick feet, hard spines and many wax secreting pores on the abdomen. There are 5 eyes of different sizes on both sides of the head, 1 pair of antennae, divided into 7 segments. Thorax rounded, winged, 1 pair, ca. 5 mm long, membranous transparent. After wax secretion, the body became round.

There is no pupal stage for females and pupal stage for males. Eggs are bisexual and surrounded by a cuticle sac. In spring, the male larvae are fixed on the branches and secrete white wax to surround the body. When the wax secretion is in full swing, they stick together to make the branches snow white. It is distributed in Hunan, Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan.

[collection] wax was collected from August to September. In the morning, use a knife to cut off the branches covered with wax, which is called "wax flower", and put them into a boiling water pot to make the wax melt and float on the surface of the water, and then condense into pieces. Take out, add water to heat and melt, filter and solidify.

[medicinal materials] most of the intact ones are round and thick blocks, which have been broken into irregular blocks with different sizes. White, or slightly yellow, opaque or slightly transparent; smooth or slightly wrinkled surface, glossy, greasy touch. It is light and can float on the surface of the water; it is hard and slightly brittle, and can be crushed when kneaded by hand. The fracture surface is irregular, needle like crystal, or small granular, with glassy luster. It has a weak special odor, light taste, and chews like fine sand. It is insoluble in water, ether and chloroform, but soluble in benzene and petroleum ether. The melting point is 80 ~ 83 ℃. It is white, hard, compact and without bubbles. No rancidity is preferred.

It is mainly produced in Sichuan, Hunan, Guizhou and Yunnan, with the largest output in Sichuan.

After being bleached, beeswax is also called white wax. Its appearance is similar to insect white wax, but beeswax is mostly irregular lumps. It has honey aroma, soft quality, melting point below 70 ℃, and can be dissolved in ether, chloroform or partially in chloroform. See "honey wax" section.

[chemical composition] it mainly contains esters with large molecular weight, among which the alcohols are hexanol, heptanol, octanol and Triacontanol; the acids are hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid and triacontanoic acid, and a small amount of palmitic acid and stearic acid.

The main components of the commercial insect white wax are esters of aliphatic monovalent acids, with the content of 93-95% of the total. Among them, there are twenty-eight esters of eicosanoic acid, honeysuckle ester of eicosanoic acid, wax ester of eicosanoic acid, twenty-seven esters of eicosanoic acid, wax ester of lignite, twenty-seven esters of honeysuckle acid. In addition, it contains 1% free melittin, i.e. Triacontanol, 1-1.5% resin and 2-3% heptane. It also contains notoginsenol, wax alcohol, etc.

Because the insect white wax is secreted by the male white wax insect larva, the composition of this larva also provides a reference. The whole worm can be divided into two parts: worm body and wax shell. The oil in worm body (wet weight) accounts for 18.6%, and most of them (83%) are triglycerides, which also contain a small amount of hydrocarbons, waxes, phospholipids, free fatty acids, monoglycerides and diglycerides. The oil in wax shell accounts for 92.4%, which also contains free fatty acids and hydrocarbons, but triglycerides and phospholipids are not found.

Sweet and warm.

① "Gangmu": "sweet, warm, non-toxic. "

② Yilin zuanyao: "sweet, light, astringent, warm. "

[Guijing] ① Huiyue medical mirror: "entering the liver meridian. "

② Summary of materia medica: "start with Taiyin and zujueyin meridians. "

[function indications] hemostasis, muscle growth, pain. It is used to treat gold sores, bleeding, urination, bleeding, ulcers and ulcers, chancre.

① Zhu Zhenheng: "muscle, hemostasis, pain, deficiency, and bone. "

② "The compendium of Medical Sciences" says: "kill the worm. "

③ "Dongyibaojian": "it can relieve cough and diarrhea, moisten the lung and thicken the intestines and stomach. "

④ "Ben Jing Feng Yuan": "chancre treatment; half two into the stomach of crucian carp cooking, treatment of intestinal red. "

⑤ Yilin zuanyao: "tonifying the lung and astringing Qi. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: pills and powder. External use: melt and prepare ointment.