silkworm cocoon

silkworm cocoon

(compendium)

[synonyms] silk clothing (Shuowen), cocoon yellow (shenghuifang), cocoon shell (collection of medicinal materials).

[source] it is the cocoon shell of Bombyx mori. For animal morphology, please refer to "protosilkworm moth".

[medicinal material] it is oblong in shape or slightly constricted in the middle, about 3-4 cm in length and 1.7-2.1 cm in diameter. The surface is white, with irregular wrinkles and attached silk, which is villous. The silk pattern on the inner wall is very regular. Light and tough, not easy to tear. In the cocoon without eclosion, there is a yellow brown pupa and a light brown and wrinkled skin.

It is produced in all sericulture areas in China.

[chemical composition] the chemical composition of silkworm cocoons fed with mulberry leaves is as follows: moisture 1.40%, ash 1.14%, protein 97.34%, ether soluble extract 0.26%, fiber 0.39%.

Cocoon is mainly made of fibroid protein "silk fibroin", which is wrapped with another protein "sericin", in addition, it contains a small amount of oil, pigment, inorganic matter and so on. In raw silk, fibroin accounts for about 70%, and sericin accounts for about 22%. Silk fibroin is a kind of keratin. Glycine and alanine are the most amino acids in silk fibroin. The nitrogen of these two amino acids accounts for about 80% of the total nitrogen. The amino acids in 100000 grams of silk fibroin are as follows (the number after substance is the mole number): Glycine 578, alanine 381, valine 29, leucine 7, isoleucine 9, serine 157, threonine 12, tyrosine 67, phenylalanine 8, proline 5, tryptophan 2, lysine 4, histidine 2, arginine 6, aspartate 17, glutamic acid 13, a total of 1297 moles. Sericin is also keratin, and its amino acids are similar to fibroin in general. The minor difference is that there are less glycine, alanine and tyrosine, and more serine, glutamic acid and aspartic acid. The cocoon also contains 50 mg% of free amino acids (glycine).

The silkworm cocoon contains waxy substance, which is composed of primary alcohols, solid fatty acids, paraffin and liquid fatty acids. It also contains sitosterol (glucoside) and hemp oil alcohol.

There are various carotene derivatives in the pigment of yellow cocoon, and they are also the pigment of yellow orange, pink, brown gray cocoon. Some of the pigments in green cocoons are related to flavonoids and some to chlorophyll, especially in wild silkworm cocoons. There are many kinds of cocoon pigments, seven kinds of yellow green fluorescent pigments and two kinds of yellow brown fluorescent pigments were separated from green cocoons, and nine kinds of yellow fluorescent pigments were separated from green cocoons, all of which are flavonoid glucosides.

All kinds of cocoons contain 10.08-49.16 micrograms of iron and quite a lot of fluorine per gram. Each kilogram of white cocoon contains 7.06 mg of manganese, and yellow cocoon contains 8.48 mg. Each gram of white cocoon contains 3.19 micrograms of zinc, and yellow cocoon contains 3.67 micrograms.

[pharmacological action] the cocoon of silkworm moth has cholinergic effect. The 90% ethanol extract of silkworm cocoon treated with petroleum ether, ether and chloroform showed cholinergic effect on blood pressure of anesthetized cat, ileum of guinea pig and duodenum of rabbit, but had no effect on striated muscle of frog rectus abdominis.

[processing] cut the cocoon to remove the impurities. Or put it in a pot for calcination.

[nature and taste] Compendium: "sweet, warm, non-toxic. "

[function indications] it is used to treat hematochezia, hematuria, blood collapse, thirst, nausea, chancre, carbuncle and swelling.

According to the compendium, Shao Hui Jiu Fu can cure carbuncle without head, which will be broken the next day. It can also cure all kinds of chancre, lower blood, blood drenching and blood collapse. Boil and drink, eliminate thirst and Ascaris juice. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 1-3 yuan; or powder. External use: grind the end to scatter or adjust to apply.

[prescription selection] ① for the treatment of intestinal wind, hematochezia, bleeding and pain: Cocoon yellow, silkworm molting paper (and burning), late silkworm excrement, white Bombyx Batryticatus (and frying). For the end, into the musk a little. Take two yuan for each, drink with rice and serve three times a day. (shenghuifang cocoon yellow powder)

② Cure thirst: Boil silkworm cocoon soup, take one for each. (Zhu Shi Ji Yi Fang)

③ Treatment of children due to acne residual poison, limb joints have chancre erosion sores, abscess: moth cocoon, no matter how much, with raw alum smash, solid cocoon, with charcoal fire, alum juice dry, take out for the end. Dry paste chancre mouth. If the swelling is painful, you should take Huoming drink. (Mian cocoon powder in Treatise on prescriptions for infantile pox and rash)

④ Treatment of nausea and vomiting: Ten cocoons. Boil the juice, cook three pieces of chicken and serve them with ashless wine twice a day. (Puji Fang)

⑤ Zhikou Mi: burn cocoon ash, mix honey, wipe mouth. (Quanzhou materia medica)