He Shaozhou

He Shaozhou

He Shaozhou (1902-november 6, 1980) was born in Xingyi, Guizhou Province. Lieutenant general of the national revolutionary army. He graduated from Whampoa Military Academy No. 1, Japanese army sergeant school and regular class No. 10 of Army University. The new commander of the Eighth Army, commander in chief of Yunnan garrison, deputy commander in chief of the fifth group army, commander in chief of the sixth training headquarters and commander in chief of the 49th army, deputy director of Guizhou Provincial appeasement office, director of Sichuan Guizhou border appeasement office and commander of the 19th corps of the Chinese expeditionary army. During his term as commander of the Eighth Army, he won the battle of Songshan and was awarded the medal of blue sky and white sun. He Shaozhou was the son of he yinglu, the second elder brother of he Yingqin, and was known as "niece Shuai".

Life of the characters

He graduated from Nanming Middle School of Guiyang province. In 1924, he entered the first phase of Huangpu Military Academy and participated in the first and second Eastern expeditions and the battle for Huizhou.

In 1926, he served as the head of the 7th army of Li Zongren and left Hunan Province to participate in the northern expedition. In 1927, conflicts broke out between Chiang Kai Shek and Li Zongren, he Yingqin, etc. General he was excluded. He Shaozhou went to the Japanese army sergeant school and the Japanese field artillery school for further study in 1928. He graduated from the 10th regular class of Army University.

He was once assigned by the Yunnan army sergeant training team and the second lieutenant of the command of the second army of Yunnan army. In the spring of 1924, fan Shisheng, commander of the second Yunnan army, recommended him to apply for Huangpu Military Academy. In May of the same year, he went to Guangzhou to study in the fourth team of the first phase of Huangpu Military Academy. After graduation, he successively served as the platoon leader of the 1st regiment of Huangpu Military Academy, the lieutenant and adjutant of the general headquarters of the eastern expedition of the National Revolutionary Army, the captain of the 1st Brigade of the party army, the staff officer and company commander of the guard, the battalion commander of the 1st division of the 1st army, the deputy head of the 3rd regiment of the 1st division of the general headquarters of the Eastern Route Army of the northern expedition, and the head of the guard division of the national government. In 1931, he was the head of the second regiment of the Tax Police Corps of the Ministry of finance. They took part in the Anti Japanese war on January 28 and the Songhu battle on August 13. The commander and deputy commander of the independent 4th Brigade of the 103rd division.

After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, he took part in the Nanjing defense war. He was appointed deputy and teacher of the 103rd division. He took part in the battle of Wuhan and fought bloody battles in Tianjia Town, Songshan and siwangshan. In June 1939, he was awarded major general of the army. Since September 1940, he has served as the deputy commander of the 11th and 8th new armies. He participated in the West Bank battle of Yichang and the second Changsha battle, and deployed in Zhijiang area. In March 1942, he served as the commander of the 88th army of the 10th group army of the third theater of war and participated in the battle between Zhejiang and Jiangxi.

In January 1943, he was transferred to be the commander of the new 8th Army of the Chinese expeditionary army. In May 1944, he served as deputy commander in chief of the 9th group army and commander in chief of the new 8th Army of the general reserve of the Chinese expeditionary army. He commanded the Songshan campaign, changed the direction of attack, selected the blasting highland plan, and finally won the whole victory. The battle of Songshan broke the deadlock in the battle of Western Yunnan, and it was the first time for China to win a decisive battle in the Anti Japanese battlefield, from which China began a strategic counter offensive. This battle was the first to annihilate an organized Japanese Regiment (Regiment), and it was the first "broken jade" war in Asia in World War II. He Shaozhou was awarded the "blue sky and white sun Medal" for commanding the battle. In January 1945, he served as deputy commander-in-chief and commander-in-chief of Yunnan garrison; since 1946, he served as deputy commander-in-chief of the 5th group army and commander-in-chief of Xichang garrison, director of the fourth supplementary training department of the Ministry of national defense, and was elected as the first representative of the national assembly. On May 5, 1948, he served as director of Sichuan Guizhou border appeasement office. In September 1948, he was awarded the rank of lieutenant general of the army. At the beginning of 1949, he was commander of the sixth military training headquarters and commander of the 49th army, and deputy director of Guizhou appeasement office. Commander of the 19th corps and commander of the 49th army, he was later ordered by Chiang Kai Shek to deploy troops in Guizhou.

On November 18, 1949, he Shaozhou left the army and escorted about 50000 taels of gold and 80000 taels of silver deposited by the central bank in Guiyang Branch to Chongqing government. After leaving Chongqing, he flew to Hong Kong soon. He lost most of his property because of business and gambling, and then went to Brazil to earn a living from the private income of rubber plantations. In the 1970s, he moved to the United States with his wife and daughter and became an American citizen. He came down from a stroke in June 1980. He died in New York.

Previous positions

He was once assigned by the Yunnan army sergeant training team and the second lieutenant of the command of the second army of Yunnan army. In the spring of 1924, fan Shisheng, commander of the second Yunnan army, recommended him to apply for Huangpu Military Academy. In May of the same year, he went to Guangzhou to study in the fourth team of the first phase of Huangpu Military Academy. After graduation, he successively served as the platoon leader of the first regiment of the Huangpu Military Academy, the lieutenant and adjutant of the general command of the eastern expedition of the National Revolutionary Army, the captain of the first brigade of the party army, the staff officer and company commander of the guard, the battalion commander of the first division of the first army, the deputy head of the third regiment of the first division of the general command of the Eastern Route Army of the northern expedition, and the head of the guard division of the national government.

In 1931, he served as the head of the second regiment of the Tax Police Corps of the Ministry of Finance and participated in the Anti Japanese war in Songhu on December 28. The commander and deputy commander of the independent fourth brigade of the 103 division. When the Anti Japanese war broke out, he served as the deputy division commander and division commander of the 103rd division and participated in the battle of Wuhan, the battle of Western Hubei and the battle of the West Bank of Yichang. In June 1939, he was awarded major general of the army.

From September 1940, he served as deputy commander of the new 11th army and deputy commander of the Eighth Army. In March 1942, he served as the commander of the 88th army of the 10th group army of the third theater of war and participated in the battle between Zhejiang and Jiangxi. In January 1943, he served as commander of the new Eighth Army of the Chinese expeditionary army.

In May 1944, he served as deputy commander in chief of the ninth group army and commander in chief of the new Eighth Army of the general reserve of the expeditionary army. He participated in the western Yunnan campaign of the Chinese expeditionary army, commanded the victory of the Songshan campaign, and won the "blue sky and white sun Medal". Since 1945, he has served as deputy commander in chief of the fifth group army, deputy commander in chief and commander in chief of Yunnan garrison, commander in chief of Xichang garrison, director of the fourth supplementary training department of the Ministry of national defense, and was elected as the first representative of the national assembly.

Director of Sichuan Guizhou border region appeasement office. In September 1948, he was awarded the rank of lieutenant general of the army. Commander of the sixth training headquarters and commander of the 49th army, deputy director of Guizhou appeasement office and commander of the 19th Corps.

Cultural relics

1. Dayakou, Songshan: memorial to the soldiers and soldiers of the Eighth Army in the Songshan campaign, and memorial to the funeral of the soldiers and soldiers in the Songshan campaign. In September 1944, after the end of the Songshan campaign, the Eighth Army built a cemetery and monument for the dead at Dayakou, Songshan. In December 1947, the remains of the martyrs were moved to the Bank of Yiluo pool, Baoshan City, Yunnan Province. At the original site of Songshan cemetery, the monument still exists. In addition, there is a "memorial tablet for the removal and burial of Songshan soldiers" inscribed with "he Shaozhou, commander of Yunnan provincial police and former commander of the Eighth Army" and "December of the 36th year of the Republic of China". The inscription: "in the autumn of the 33rd year of the Republic of China, our Eighth Army was ordered to recover western Yunnan. It fought bloody battles for more than 100 days and killed more than 6000 officers and soldiers. It began to do its best. At that time, the loyal remains of the dead were moved to the Bank of Yiluo Lake in the southern suburb of Baoshan.". (see complete collection of cultural relics and historic sites in Yunnan, P. 641)

2. By the Yiluo Lake in Baoshan, Yunnan Province: "cemetery of soldiers killed in the battle of West Yunnan of the Eighth Army of the army" and "monument of soldiers killed in the battle of West Yunnan of the Eighth Army of the army of the army". It was moved from the original cemetery of Dayakou in Songshan in December 1947.

According to Zhu Lijia's recollection, the cemetery is a square on the south side of the monument. There is a stone altar in front of the tomb, about ten meters away from the monument. The tombs and steles are made of five sided stones. Facing yiluochi, solemn and solemn. In the center of the front tombstone is "the cemetery of the soldiers and men killed in the battle of West Yunnan of the Eighth Army of the army", and next to it is "the title of he Shaozhou, former commander of the Eighth Army of the army". At the bottom of the tomb, there is a poem written by Bai Chongxi: "when Dongyi invades our country, khoerduoshi serves for Yanjiang, and when we fight in Songshan, we are strong and vigorous, and we are quiet and peaceful." On the side and back of the tomb are engraved more than 3800 officers and soldiers of the Eighth Army who died in the battle of Songshan. Among them, officers above the platoon level all have their names and birthplaces, while soldiers are engraved with the number of soldiers killed in each organizational unit. The inscription on the other side of the tomb records the whole process of the Eighth Army's conquering Songshan. The monument is also square. On the front of the monument is the memorial to the soldiers killed in the battle of West Yunnan of the Eighth Army of the army. On the other side is the date when the tomb was built. Both cemeteries and monuments were destroyed.

3. In 1947, he Shaozhou, former commander-in-chief of the Eighth Army and later commander-in-chief of the Kunming garrison, Li Mi, former deputy commander-in-chief and later commander-in-chief of the Eighth Army, and people from all walks of life in Yunnan built a "memorial to the soldiers killed in the battle of West Yunnan of the Eighth Army" in yuantongshan Park, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, with the names of he Shaozhou and Li mi on the back. There is an inscription on the front: "Dao Kou tea poison, pain and Western Yunnan. Who is bloodless, can not bear to abandon the border. Huan Huan's officers and men, regardless of difficulties and dangers. Ten swings and ten decisions make a happy death. Yizhong has Kuang, which is a monument. "This is the great righteousness of the people."

4. On the Bank of Hexi pool in the ancient town of Longtan, Chongqing, when he Shaozhou was the commander of the 103rd division of the second army of the Kuomintang army, the memorial to the battle of Taierzhuang still exists, with the inscription: "only my officers and soldiers, the light of the nation, sacrifice their blood, consolidate my golden soup, and make a record of my life.". This monument is the only one built in the Republic of China. It turns out that the surrounding environment is not well protected. In 2009, it has been renovated.

Anecdotes of characters

Since the 1930s, when I was an adjutant to he Yingqin, I had contact with his nephew he Shaozhou. In May 1936, he Shaozhou was transferred to the Tax Police Corps of the Ministry of finance of the national government as the first deputy chief (later changed to the commander of the first detachment). At the same time, I was transferred to the office of the first deputy chief (later changed to the commander of the first detachment). Later, I went to work under he Shaozhou several times. Under he's leadership, I led the troops to participate in the war. I have a better understanding of he Shaozhou's situation. He Shaozhou led the first detachment of the tax police corps to take part in the Anti Japanese war in Songhu on August 13

Anti Japanese war in Songhu on August 13

When Song Ziwen was the Minister of finance, the Tax Police Corps was set up with the tax revenue of the State Administration of salt affairs. It had a large number of personnel, excellent equipment, good treatment and was under the command of the Ministry of finance

Chinese PinYin : He Shao Zhou