Guo Xiu

Guo Xiu

Guo Xiu (1638-1715) was born in guojiaxiang, Jimo County, Qingzhou (now Jimo District, Qingdao City, Shandong Province). During the reign of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, the officials were honest and upright.

In the ninth year of Kangxi, he passed the imperial examination and was awarded the magistrate of Wujiang county. He is capable in dealing with affairs, good at judging doubtful cases, and implements "ban Chuan Fa" and "the first in governing Jiangnan". He was recommended by Tang bin, governor of Jiangning, and promoted to the rank of censor of Jiangnan Road. In the 27th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi, he presented "Shen He Chen Shu", impeached Jin Fu, the governor of the river course, and Fulun, the Minister of the Ministry of household affairs, and was promoted to the rank of censor of Zuojin capital. He impeached the prime minister Mingzhu and his bachelor Yu Guozhu, and was promoted to the imperial censor of zuodou. He impeached Gao Shiqi, the Minister of shaozhan, to end the party's crime of profiteering. He returned to his hometown and became governor of Huguang. He died in the 50th year of Kangxi.

For the country and the people, honest and upright, diligent and capable, good at judging suspicious cases, known as the "iron faced censor", with three impeachments and famous in history, criticized the corruption of corrupt officials and the unhealthy trend of forming a party for personal gain, contributed to the "prosperous age of Kangxi and Qianlong".

Personal life

In 1638, Guo Xiu was born in the old house in the north of guojiaxiang Road, Jimo. He has four brothers, ranking second.

It is said that on the day of Guo Xiu's birth, Jimo was flooded in June. When the county magistrate and the general of Jimo were inspecting the flood situation, suddenly the sky was covered with dark clouds and the rain was pouring down, so the two officials had to take shelter under Guoxiu gate in Guojia lane.

At this time, suddenly from the delivery room came the cry of the newborn baby. After the baby was born, the heavy rain gradually stopped. Granny Guo Xiu ran out happily. The county magistrate asked, "the old man congratulated you. Did you add a boy or a girl?" "A little boy on horseback. Ah, if you don't live early or late, you will be born when the heavy rain comes. " The old man was angry.

"This child will be very lucky in the future. When he was born, he was protected by two seven grade officials, one civil and one military. In the future, he will be no less than seven grade officials." The magistrate praised him casually.

"Oh, not to mention seven grades, one grade is fine!" Hearing the praise, his grandmother said excitedly. Rural women are proud of their modesty. Granny Guo Xiu thinks that the less the products, the smaller the official rank. "The tone is not small yet!" The magistrate answered. Although this is a joke that spreads in Jimo, Guo XiuGuan's first grade is a fact written into history.

Guo Xiu was gifted and eager to learn. He was a scholar at the age of 31, a successful candidate at the age of 32, and a successful candidate at the age of 33.

Character story

Shen He Chen Shu

On the 22nd of the first month of the 27th year of Kangxi (1688), Guo Xiu presented "Shenhe Chenshu" to the imperial court for the first time as a censor, stating that Jin Fu, governor of the river course, had taken improper measures to control the river with the support of the Minister of the Ministry of family, which led to the flood in the south of the Yangtze River, and the common people were full of complaints. As a result, Jin Fu was dismissed from office, Florence was demoted, and Guo Xiu was promoted to imperial censor of Jindu.

Special gift list

After that, Guo Xiu risked losing his official position and his life to go to the book "rectifying minister Shu", impeached Mingzhu and Yu Guozhu, the great Bachelor of Yingwu palace, who were "scorching and glorious", and exposed their crimes such as forming a clique for personal gain, eliminating dissidents, and taking bribes. The real purpose was the flamboyant Mingzhu party. Because of this, he became famous. Mingzhu was born in the zhenghuang banner of Manchuria. She made great contributions to the rebellion of Wu Sangui. She was loyal to Kangxi and became the red man around him. She was officially granted the Bachelor of wuyingdian. The powerful pearl, relying on the trust of Kangxi, formed a clique for personal gain, entrapped dissidents, and monopolized the government. For a time, inside and outside the government and the court, they flattered, accepted bribes and gave gifts. Upright officials avoided them, and villains were promoted and domineering.

In 1688, the 27th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign, Mingzhu was 53 years old. Mingfu was very busy with bright lights and colorful doors. Wenches and petty officials come and go like a stream, leading officials and dignitaries pour in, and voices are heard all the time.

The feast was full of delicacies, and one after another flatterers came in to celebrate their birthday. Wearing a first-class official uniform, Mingzhu sits in the middle of the hall with a red face, and receives group after group of official visits. When he hears that the senior official is coming, he opens his eyes and nods his head. This is the true portrayal of Mingzhu under one person and over ten thousand people, which is also the reason why Kangxi acquiesced in Guo Xiu's impeachment.

Just before noon, the door paged: "Guo Xiu, the censor of renzuo capital in the newly transferred capital, is here!" After hearing this, Mingzhu was surprised: people said that Guo Xiu was frank and upright, and today he knew to come to see my Mingzhu Just to ask, Guo Xiu has entered the middle hall. First of all, I'll give you a red envelope. Mingzhu thought it was a gift list, so she asked her servants to keep it.

Out of courtesy, the Pearl kisses Guo Xiu for a glass of wine. Guo Xiu takes the wine in her hand, drinks it all, turns around and goes out of the gate. Seeing this, Mingzhu felt suspicious. She asked people to present Guo Xiu's "gift list" to her. She was shocked. Suddenly his face was blue and sweating like rain. When he was in a panic, he heard the door upload: "the imperial edict is coming!" This cry doesn't matter. The "gift list" of Guo Xiu in Mingzhu's hand falls to the ground. Mingzhu's hands droop, and her white eyes turn and lose their breath. The family members helped him to kneel down to receive the imperial edict, and a birthday feast broke up immediately.

It turns out that after Guo Xiu came to Beijing, he immediately listed the 11 major crimes of what Mingzhu had done and memorialized Emperor Kangxi. Then he wrapped the copy in red paper and went straight to Mingfu. Mingzhu saw the copy of Guo Xiu memorializing him.

Kangxi had long been aware of the rampancy of Mingzhu. Seeing that Guo Xiu's memorials were well documented, he felt that he would not remove the Pearl and endanger the imperial power, so he ordered the officials of Mingzhu, Furun and Yu Guozhu to stop. Thus the Mingzhu group, which had been in power for a while, collapsed.

Minister of bone

Gao Shiqi was born in Qiantang, Zhejiang Province. He was fond of learning and writing, and good at calligraphy. He was taken into nanshufang (the place where the emperor studied) by Emperor Kangxi. He was used to write secret edicts, lecture chapters and papers, and was later granted the title of Xiaodan. Kangxi once said: "only when you have a good command of learning can you know the way of learning.". Gao Shiqi has been regarded as a good teacher and friend. He often rewards gold and silver items, and often lets him eat with him.

Gao you is increasingly arrogant today. He forms a close friend with Wang Hongxu, the censor of zuodou, and others. He echoes inside and outside. He swindles and swindles. At one time, people who plead for help block the door. All day long, there are plenty of guests. Anyone who does not attach himself to him is attacked by the government and the opposition. In order to avoid disaster, the officials of Manchu Dynasty were afraid of Gao Shiqi like tigers. They gave gifts constantly. Even if they asked for nothing, they also needed to give "peace money".

In the 28th year of Kangxi's reign (1689), Kangxi was in a good mood when he finished his administration. He went back to the South study and sent a decree to invite Shiqi. Kangxi was a monarch who knew everything about poetry, calligraphy and painting. Every time he asked about Shiqi, Shiqi answered like a stream and won the emperor's favor.

The more they said, the happier they were. Before they knew it, it was noon. Kangxi's words were very strong. They did not let Shiqi go back and gave him a meal in his South study. During the meal, the emperor asked Shiqi, "how do I treat you?" Shi Qi said hastily: "if you go back to the emperor, the emperor's kindness is great, and the slave should repay you with his heart and brain." Kangxi even more happy to say: "Aiqing do not forget today's oath."

As he said this, he heard the eunuch call: "see you, imperial censor Guo Xiu!" Kangxi himself didn't want to summon others when he was eating. Because Guo Xiu was a famous admonitor, he summoned them out of the ordinary. When Guo Xiu entered the South study, he took out the memorial from his sleeve. The eunuch took it and presented it to the emperor. Kangxi looked at it, and it read: "Guo Xiu, the imperial censor of the imperial capital, Gao Shiqi, the Minister of checking power..."

At this time, Gao Shiqi unconsciously stretched his head to one side to see the contents of the memorial. Kangxi raised his left hand to indicate that Gao Shiqi did not look. Then he said to Guo Xiu, "what Guo Qing said is very true. I should take it seriously." Guo Xiu thanks the emperor and quits the South study. Gao did not know that Guo Xiu's memorial was to list his four major crimes. With evidence and evidence, it is difficult to tolerate the crimes.

Kangxi had a number in his mind. When Gao Shiqi finished his last imperial meal, he handed the memorial to Gao Shiqi and said, "Gao Qing, how do you think this case should be handled?" Gao took the memorial and looked at it. He fell to the ground and kowtowed again and again, saying, "please forgive me, my Lord. I know my sin." Instant scalp broken, blood stained brick. Kangxi saw that he had been his teacher and said, "leave the crown and go home to work." Gao Shiqi quickly thanks the emperor and climbs out of the South study. Wang Hongxu and others were dismissed from office and investigated. Guo Xiu was praised as a "minister with a bone in his neck" by the officials.

On Guo Xiu's several impeachments

Guo Xiu had been impeached by Jin Fu for many years. He was ordered by Chen Huang to build embankments and dredge rivers, wasting millions of money. He also accused him of mentioning the river course and the river hall for a while, taking the title of the imperial court as his personal favor, and never receiving the effect of proper employment. He also said that he seized civilian land, falsely claimed to reclaim land, and sold rice and wheat across the border. In particular, he violated the emperor's will and obstructed the dredging of the river. Shuzhong criticized the decoration fiercely, denouncing it as "a villain, abusing famous utensils" and asking for severe punishment. Liu Kai also impeached Jin Fu for improper employment. There were more than 100 clerks in the Department of river engineering and road, but he failed to manage the river. Every year, he just listened to the report. Lu zuxiu, the imperial censor, also impeached Jin Fu for "accumulating evils and accumulating evils". He used Shun Yu as a metaphor, suggesting that Jin Fu should be killed. Jin Fu was unconvinced and Shangshu defended himself. Shuzhong said that the day when he was ordered to control the river was just the time when the two rivers were extremely bad, and he ran day and night, blocking gaojiayan first, clearing the outlet of huaishui River; blocking the clear water pool; digging the canal, changing the transportation outlet, so far, it is forever deep. Luoma Lake, which had always been in transportation, was too shallow for boating. He created the Zaohe River, and there were no obstacles for boats. As for the cost of dredging, the former minister estimated that it would be 6 million Liang, but he spared no effort to save it, so that it was less than half of the original estimate. After listing these successes, Jin Fu refuted his attackers, such as Guo Xiu, Yu Chenglong, Mu Tianyan and sun zaifeng, and revealed their conspiracy to frame him. For example, Guo Xiu and Yu Chenglong became brothers for a long time, and Guo Xiu and sun zaifeng were Geng Xu

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