Li Ke
Li Ke
Li Ke (619 ~ 653 years), unknown name, Longxi Didao (now Lintao County, Gansu Province) people. The third son of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, Li Shimin, was the imperial Minister of Tang Dynasty. His mother was imperial concubine Yang, the daughter of emperor Yang of Sui Dynasty.
Brave and resolute, deeply loved. In the third year of Wude (620), he was canonized as the king of Changsha; in the eighth year of Wude (625), he was renamed as the king of Hanzhong. In the first year of Zhenguan (627), Jin became the king of Han Dynasty. In the second year of Zhenguan (628), he was granted the title of king of Shu and governor of Yizhou. In the 11th year of Zhenguan (637), he was granted King Wu and governor of Anzhou. Yonghui first year (650 years), worship Sikong, granted Liangzhou governor. In the second year of Yonghui (651), he was granted the title of Prince, Taishi and governor of Anzhou.
In the fourth year of Yonghui (653), a case involving Fang Yiai's rebellion was committed by sun Wuji, the captain of Taiwei. He was buried in gaoyangyuan with the courtesy of the Duke of Wu. In the first year of Shenlong (705), he was able to rehabilitate Zhaoxue, pursue Sikong and restore the title of King Wu.
Life of the characters
Young official
In June 620, when he was two years old, he was appointed governor of Xiangzhou and king of Changsha as his grandson; in 625, he was appointed governor of Liangzhou and king of Hanzhong.
In the first year of Zhenguan (627), as a prince, he was granted the title of king of the Han Dynasty (from Yipin).
In the second year of Zhenguan (628), when he was only ten years old, he was renamed king of Shu, and was granted the important post of governor of Yizhou. He was the commander of yimianjian Jialing Yamei Meng qianqiong eight prefectures (now Chengdu City in Sichuan Province). At the same time, he also administrated a total of 36 prefectures, including governor, Nanning and huidufu. He didn't take up the post because he was young. In the early Tang Dynasty, the number of prefectures under the jurisdiction of Yizhou dudufu was different in different historical materials: when Taizong abolished Yizhou daoxingtai and established Yizhou Dufu in the ninth year of Wude in the geographical records of the old Tang Dynasty, eight prefectures named "Yi, Mian, Jian, Jia, Ling, Mei, Qian, Qiong" were listed, but ten prefectures were mentioned. Seventy two items in Huanyu Ji were supplemented: Yi, Mian, Jian, Jia, Ling, ya Meizhou, Mengzhou, Qianzhou and Qiongzhou are the ten prefectures in the book of geography of the old Tang Dynasty, so the word "etc" should be correct or missing. Further study of the records in the book of geography shows that Mengzhou was abolished in the second year of Zhenguan, and the administrative ownership of its subordinate counties was redistributed. In Weng Junxiong's research and statistics, Qianzhou and Meizhou were merged into one Prefecture, so the administrative division and count of Yizhou prefecture were probably adjusted. At the same time, Tang Huiyao lists the names of Yi, Mian, Qiong, Mei and ya, but it also describes the military affairs of the eight prefectures and adds that "etc." however, the original text of Tang Huiyao says "in May of the second year of Zhenguan, Wu Wangke..." Finally, Li Ke's epitaph "still confers the military governor of the six prefectures of mianjia, qionglong, and the military governor of Yizhou". From Li Ke's epitaph with "Li Jun" and "Zhi Wen" as the courtesy of the state ", we can see that Li Ke's epitaph should be written when he was killed, and referring to other derogatory articles in the epitaph, the writer here does not carefully list his early resume Therefore, to sum up, it is appropriate to take the number of eight prefectures from the geographical records of the old Tang Dynasty and Tang Huiyao, and to list them in Huanyu Ji. This is the most common state of administrative division in most prefectures of Yizhou, not the change of population area.
The governor's office of Yizhou was the most important area in the Tang Dynasty because of its vast territory, large population, rich economy, concentrated ethnic groups and complicated contradictions. Referring to the data in the accounts of the 13th year of Zhenguan, Yizhou had a population of 177000 households, which was second only to the capital Chang'an at that time. In fact, it was the most important vassal of the Empire Secondly, it can be understood that it is an objective necessity not to let the young Li Ke take up the post, but to assist the able officials to be the governor of the capital and the Historiographer to manage the government.
In the same year, Gao Jifu, a scholar of Zhongshu, said: "I see that Li yuanxiao, the king of secrets, and others are all the relatives of the emperor. His majesty is friendly, and his benevolence and righteousness are higher than those of the ancients. He must abide by the etiquette in order to shoulder his expectations when he is assigned vehicles and public clothes and appointed vassals. When I see the prince paying homage to his uncle, my uncles will also pay homage. Since Wang Jue is the same, there should be etiquette between family members. How can we reverse the old and the young? I prostrate myself and ask your majesty to give me a admonition as a law to be obeyed forever. " Emperor Taizong issued an imperial edict to Li Yuanxiao and others, so it was not necessary to pay homage to Li Ke, king of Wu, and Li Tai, king of Wei.
Going to the fiefdom
In the fifth year of Zhenguan (631), he paid homage to the governor Qin Chengwei, the military officers of wusizhou and the governor of Qinzhou (now Tianshui City in Gansu Province), but did not go there; in the seventh year of Zhenguan (633), he granted the governor Qi Ziqing, Ju laimi, the military officers of Qizhou and the governor of Qizhou (now Jinan City in Shandong Province), and went to any year; in the eighth year of Zhenguan (634), he paid homage to the governor of Yizhou, which set a precedent for the prince to lead the governor remotely.
Before Li Ke was going to be governor of Qizhou, he served Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty and had dinner with his father. Later, Taizong said to Fang Xuanling and other ministers, "my son and I often want to get along with each other. However, the family and the country are actually quite different. I hope that future generations can pass it on from generation to generation, and I will never think that it is appropriate. Now, I support the emperor, which is different from my personal feelings. It's to guard and comfort the country and not let the emperor worry. This is the way of filial piety that a monarch should have. " Wei Zheng replied: "I heard that there are three kinds of filial piety: the greatest filial piety is to make parents respected; the second is not to make parents humiliated; the last is to be able to support their parents. Now, your majesty has made great achievements, won a great reputation, and ruled the whole world. The Chinese and other nationalities can be happy and peaceful. This is the real filial piety, which is far different from the filial piety of serving their parents. Moreover, how can the monarch, like the common people, often share the same room with his descendants? This is not the way to protect the country and consolidate its foundation. "
In the tenth year of Zhenguan (636), Taizong wanted to consolidate the rule of the Tang Dynasty for a long time by means of hereditary feudalism and restoration of feudalism. Therefore, in spite of the opposition of the important ministers, he inherited his younger brother and son to feudalism.
The disturbance of dismissal
It was against this background that Li Ke was renamed king of Wu from King of Shu, and was appointed governor of Tanzhou, but he didn't go to the post. In the 11th year of Zhenguan (637), he was worshipped as governor an, followed wenmian to restore the military affairs of the five prefectures, and served as governor of Anzhou. At the end of the year, he was impeached for excessive damage to crops. It must be mentioned that according to the records of the new Tang Dynasty, Li Ke was impeached and dismissed from office because of his relationship with Bo Mei, the son of his nursing mother. As punishment, Li Ke was removed from the governor of Anzhou, and 300 households were reduced.
This dismissal also left a good anecdote about Taizong's admonition: Taizong was partial to Li Ke and said to his courtiers, "Quan Wanji helped my son, and he can't correct his fault, so he should die." Liu Fan remonstrated: "Fang Xuanling can't stop his majesty from hunting when he assists his majesty. How can he blame Quan Wanji alone?" Emperor Taizong was so angry that he swept his sleeve into the inner hall. After a long time, he summoned Liu Fan alone and said, "why do you want to blame me?" Liu Fan replied: "I heard that the Lord is sage and the minister is upright. Your majesty is benevolent, virtuous and wise. I dare not fail to enter my own stupid integrity. " Taizong was relieved of his anger. Through this event, Tang Taizong as a loving father, natural flow of human feelings, fresh show in front of the public.
In 638, Li Ke was once again appointed governor of Anzhou. When he was about to leave for his post, Taizong wrote a letter to warn him: "as the monarch of a country, I rule the people; but you are my son and have a prominent position. Let you defend the country as a ping fan. You should encourage yourself not to forget the way of father and son, and learn the virtues of Hejian Xianwang (Liu De) and Dongping Xianwang (Liu Neng). In the face of the temptation of singing and dancing, we have to be cautious. Only in this way can the country be as strong as a rock, and the imperial clan be linked to defend the country forever, with the reputation of being loyal to the king on the outside and the virtue of filial piety on the inside. You should encourage yourself and make progress day by day. You are going to leave me, very sad and reluctant to part. I want to give you some precious things to enjoy, but I'm afraid it will encourage your pride and luxury, so I warn you these words as my father's instruction. o”
Perhaps because of the function of this book of admonitions, Li Ke learned to exercise self-restraint. Since then, there has been no record of Li Ke being dismissed for other faults in history books. Not only that, Li Ke revered Quan Wanji's uprightness and was good at accepting his words. Even Taizong was surprised that this was a great achievement of Quan Wanji. As a result, in dealing with the similar problems of Li you, Emperor Taizong tried to do it again. He didn't want to be counterproductive and gave Quan Wanji's life in vain.
In the 13th year of Zhenguan (639), Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty abolished the hereditary imperial edict under the pressure of various parties. The retention and departure of the title of governor of all the vassal kings are still unknown. After that, the official position of Li Ke was transferred unknown.
According to the earliest records in the unified annals of the Ming Dynasty, Li Ke went out of the town of Songzhou in a certain year during this period, and strongly recommended Shi Chang, a local talent, to become an official, so that he managed the state well. Li Xian, the great grandson of Li Ke, served as the prefect of Lingling and Changsha before the an Shi rebellion, and had the constitutional title of Zhongcheng, the imperial censor. In the book of Shang Li Zhongcheng written by Kao Shi Chang and the original text, it was mentioned that "the rebel is not killed" may point to the an Shi rebellion. This may also be the deeds of Li Xian, who was entrusted by Su Zong of Tang Dynasty before returning to Beijing Li Ke was wrongly added to the information.
Secondary easy storage
In the 17th year of Zhenguan (643), the Crown Prince Li Chengqian was dethroned because he ganchengji, the criminal of Li you, the king of Qi, betrayed him. Taizong promised Li Tai, the king of Wei, to be the crown prince, but Sun Wuji, the eldest son of Sikong, was strong
Chinese PinYin : Li Ke
Li Ke
