Zhang Xuanliang

Zhang Xuanliang

Zhang Xuanliang (350-363), Zhang xuanjing, born in Wushi County, Anding county (now Pingliang City, Gansu Province), was the grandson of Zhang Jun, the king of Liangwen, the son of Zhang Chonghua, the king of Lianghuan, and the younger brother of Zhang Yaoling, the Duke of liangai. He was the eighth monarch of the former Liang Dynasty (355-363).

In the first year of Heping (354), Zhang Xuanliang was granted the title of Liangwu marquis. In the second year of Heping (355), Zhang Xuan Liang was promoted to the throne by Zhang Zhen, and was called Dadu governor, general, Huqiang Xiaowei, Liangzhou Mu and Xiping Gong.

In the seventh year of Shengping (363), Zhang Xuanliang was killed by his Uncle Zhang Tianxi. He was 14 years old at that time, and his posthumous title was Chong Wang.

Life of the characters

Early experience

Zhang Xuanliang, whose character is Yuan'an, is the son of Zhang Chonghua, the former king of Lianghuan, and the younger brother of Zhang Yaoling, the former Duke of liangai. Jianxing 41 (353), his father Zhang Chonghua died, Zhang Xuanliang's brother Zhang Yaoling succeeded. In the 42nd year of Jianxing (354), Zhang Xuanliang's Uncle Zhang Zuo, the former king of Liang Wei, killed Zhang Yaoling and became the Marquis of Liang Wu.

Support and support

In the second year of Heping (355), Zhang Zuo and his clansman Zhang Zhen were in charge of Wuhan. Zhang Zuo detested his power and sent his troops Yi Chuai and Zhang Ling to attack Zhang Cui. Later, Zhang Zuo sent Suo Fu, the governor of Zhangye, to take the place of paohan, who was killed by Zhang Yu. Zhang Ling and others had not finished crossing the river, but they were defeated by Zhang Yu. Yi Chuai fled on his own, and Zhang Xun's army followed him. Zhang Zuo's army was terrified. Song Hun, a Dunhuang man, and his younger brother song Cheng gathered together to respond to Zhang. Zhao Chang, Zhang Shu and other people were afraid of crime, so that Zhang Chonghua's mother, Ma Shi, appointed Zhang Xuanliang as the emperor of Qianliang. Zhang Xuanliang had just turned seven years old. Yi Chuai led his troops into the palace to attack and kill Zhao Chang. Zhang Ju, Zhang Yu's younger brother, and Zhang song, his son, recruited hundreds of common people, shouting: "Zhang Zuo has no way, my brother's army has arrived in the east of the city, dare to have rebels to destroy the three tribes.". Zhang Zuo's men fled after the wind. Zhang Ju and Zhang Song led the crowd into the city. Zhang Zuo sat on the hall with his sword, shouting and ordering the people around him to fight to the death. Zhang Zuo had lost his heart and no one had the will to fight, so Zhang Zuo was killed. After Zhang Xuanliang ascended the throne, he called himself governor of Dadu, general, Xiaowei, mu of Liangzhou and Duke of Xiping. He implemented amnesty in China and abolished the year of peace, also known as the 43rd year of Jianxing. He killed Zhang Zuo's second son, appointed Zhang Yu as the general of Wei, led 10000 troops, performed the duties of general, appointed, removed and changed his subordinates.

Destroy the Song family

In September of the 43rd year of Jianxing (355), Li Yanzhu, a native of Longxi, killed Peng Yao, a great surname. He was independent in Longxi and pursued the title of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The people were very happy. Zhang Xuanliang sent Niu Ba to lead the army to attack. Before that time, Wei Ji, a native of Xiping, rebelled against the county. The bull army was defeated and rode back alone. Zhang Yu wanted to enlist Wei Yu at first. Because his brother Zhang Yu was in the Wei Yu army, he had doubts. Because his brother Zhang Yu was in the Wei Yu army, the two sides did not attack each other for more than a year. Guo Xun, a native of Xiping, knew astronomy and didn't accept the appointment of prefectures. Wei invited him with courtesy. Guo Xun said: "Zhang's family will decline and Wei's family will prosper. How can a younger brother destroy a family? It's better to attack Zhang Yu as soon as possible. " Wei Ji will listen to him. Zhang Yu sent his younger brother Zhang Ju to lead the army to attack Wei Yu and defeat him. Tian Xuan, a native of Xiping, asked Ma Ji, the prefect of Jiuquan, to betray him. He responded to Wei Ji. Tian Xuan said to Ma Ji, "Wei Ji is attacking him in the East. We will cut him off in the West for no more than 60 days. The world can decide. It's like closing your mouth and catching your tongue." Markey agreed. Zhang Yu sent Sima Zhang Yao and the kingdom to attack Ma Ji and defeat him. He killed Ma Ji and Tian Xuan and sent them to guzang. Zhang Yu's brothers are strong, proud of their contributions, and have the heart of usurping the throne. In June of the 47th year of Jianxing (359), song Hun and his younger brother song Cheng jointly denounced Zhang Yu and completely eliminated his accomplices. Zhang Xuanliang appointed song Hun as the governor of the Chinese and foreign military, the general of motorcycles, and the Puppet Festival to assist the government. Song Hun then asked Zhang Xuanliang to remove the title of Liang Wang and restore the title of Liang Zhou mu. In April of the 49th year of Jianxing (361), song Hun died. Zhang Xuanliang appointed song Cheng as the leading general to replace song Hun. Zhang Xuanliang's right chief, Zhang Yong, hated song Cheng for his sole power, so he attacked song Cheng and killed him, killing song Cheng's Song family. Zhang Xuanliang appointed Zhang Yong as the central guard, and his Uncle Zhang Tianxi as the central leader to assist the government.

Zhang Yong's Administration

Zhang Yong was arrogant and arrogant. He indulged in sadism, netted friends, was good at government, and abused punishment and killing. So Zhang Tianxi and his confidant Liu Su secretly planned to eradicate Zhang Yong. In November of the 49th year of Jianxing (361), Zhang Tianxi and Zhang Yong entered the court together. Liu Xiao and Zhao Baiju followed Zhang Tianxi. Zhang Yong was in front of the palace gate. Liu Su attacked Zhang Yong, but failed. Zhao Baiju then attacked again, but failed. They entered the palace together with Zhang Tianxi. Zhang Yong was able to escape and led more than 300 armored soldiers to attack the palace gate. Zhang Tianxi went up to the roof and yelled: "Zhang Yong is vicious and rebellious. He has killed song Cheng and wants to overthrow our family. All your officers and men are ministers of Qianliang from generation to generation. How could you have the heart to aim your weapon at me! Now I want to capture only Zhang Yong. No one else will pursue him! " So all Zhang Yong's soldiers ran away. Zhang Yong committed suicide and died. Zhang Tianxi wiped out Zhang Yong's family and party. Zhang Xuanliang appointed Zhang Tianxi as envoy Chijie, champion general, and governor of Chinese and foreign military affairs to assist the government.

Killed by my uncle

Zhang Xuanliang was young and weak. After Zhang Yong was removed, Zhang Tianxi took charge of the government alone. In December of the 49th year of Jianxing (361), the title of the Eastern Jin Dynasty was "Shengping". In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Zhang Xuanliang was appointed as governor of Dadu, governor of Longyou military, governor of Liangzhou, commander of protecting Qiang and Duke of Xiping. In August of 363, Zhang Xuanliang's grandmother Ma Shi died. Zhang Xuanliang made his concubine Guo Shi his concubine. Because of Zhang Tianxi's power, Guo discussed with his minister Zhang Qin to punish him. Zhang Qin and others were sentenced to death in accordance with the law. Zhang Xuanliang is very afraid and wants to give up the throne to Zhang Tianxi. Zhang Tianxi doesn't accept it. Right general Liu Su and others urged Zhang Tianxi to become king. In August of the same year, Zhang Tianxi let Liu Su and others break into the palace at night and kill Zhang Xuanliang, claiming that he died of a violent illness. When Zhang Xuanliang died, he was only 14 years old. He was buried in Pingling, and his posthumous title was Chong Gong (the spring and Autumn Annals of the Sixteen Kingdoms as Chong Wang). Emperor Xiaowu of the Eastern Jin Dynasty gave Zhang Xuanliang the posthumous title of Jing Pei Gong.

Character evaluation

The book of Jin: "Xuanliang was young and weak in character"

Historical records

The book of Jin, Volume 86, biography No.56; the book of Wei, volume 99, biography No.87; the spring and Autumn Edition of the Sixteen Kingdoms, Volume 7, qianlianglu; Zizhitongjian, volume 100; Zizhitongjian, volume 111

Relative members

grandparent

Grandfather: Zhang Jun, the former king of Liangwen; grandmother: Empress Dowager Yan; grandmother: Empress Dowager Ma

parent

Father: Zhang Chonghua, the former king of Lianghuan; concubine: Guo family, the imperial concubine (it is recorded in the spring and Autumn Annals of the Sixteen Kingdoms that Guo family is his biological mother)

Father generation

Uncle: Zhang Zuo, former king of Liang Wei

brother

Elder brother: Zhang Yaoling, former Duke of liangai, Zhang Taihe, son of Zhang Zuo, Zhang Tingjian, king of Jiankang, son of Zhang Zuo, Zhang Dahuai, Duke of Gaochang, eldest son of Zhang Tianxi, Zhang Dayu, second son of Zhang Tianxi