Duan Xingzhi

Duan Xingzhi

Duan Xingzhi? ——He was the son of Duan Xiangxing, the last emperor of Dali. He was in power for three years from 1251 to 1254. Mongolian posthumous title after his death

To set up a virtuous king for the righteous heaven

”。

Life of the characters

In 1251, Duan Xiangxing died and Duan Xingzhi ascended the throne.

In September of the second year of Tianding (1252), mengge Khan (the son of Tuolei, the youngest son of Genghis Khan, Yuan Xianzong) ordered his younger brother Kublai Khan and general Wu Liang to join the Taiwan army in the expedition of Dali. The Mongolian army was divided into three routes: East, West and middle. Kublai Khan personally led the Middle Route Army to cross the Dadu River and reach the Jinsha River in October 1253. A number of chieftains attached to him and offered to cross the river with leather bags. The Mongolian army then used leather rafts to tie up the limbs and anus of the whole leather or sheep skin, and then inflated it as floating equipment. A single skin bag is called "hengtun" by the local people, and the raft is made of several such skin bags) crossing the river to Lijiang, Yunnan Province, which is the famous "yuankua leather bag" in history. Kublai first sent envoys to Dali to persuade him to surrender. Gao taixiang, the actual ruling party of Dali, insisted on resolute resistance and killed the envoys. In December, the Middle Route Army went straight down and drove straight into longshouguan. In the middle, there was almost no resistance. The Mongolian army went straight to Dali city. Later, the Mongolian West army led by Wu Liang Hetai also crossed the river to Tacheng, Judian and shigu in Lijiang County. The eastern army crossed the Jinsha River to Chuxiong and Yao'an. In this way, the three armies surrounded Dali city. Aristocrats of all ethnic groups in Dali came to Mongolia one after another.

At that time, the military strength of Dali was not weak, but in order to weaken Duan's power and control the national politics, Gao intended to put the elite of Dali's army under his own control on the one hand, and on the other hand, he focused on developing his own local armed forces, but the strength of Wangji was rather weak. Duan Xingzhi and Gao taixiang led their troops to fight against Dali city. They were defeated, abandoned the city and fled to each side. The Mongolian army took Dali capital with no effort. Kublai Khan ordered Yao Shu to split the silk as a flag, which was written to stop the killing, and ordered the streets and alleys separately, so the army and the people were stable. Yao Shu also collected books of Dali.

Mongolian soldiers captured Gao taixiang in Yaozhou, "taixiang ran to Yaozhou, was held, ordered to surrender, unyielding, life cut in Wuhua Building." Gao taixiang, on his deathbed, sighed: "if Duan Yun can't come back, the angel will surely be the first to die, and the division will be covered." Kublai Khan thought that he was a loyal minister and "promised to serve as his official" to his descendants. In some places, the descendants of Yao'an and Heliu were replaced by the descendants of Gao'an.

In the fourth year of Tianding (1254), Kublai Khan returned to the north and stayed in Wuliang to attack. In the autumn of the same year, Mongolian soldiers chased Kunming and captured Duan Xingzhi alive. Dali was passed down from Duan Siping to Duan Xingzhi for 22 generations in 317. After Duan Xingzhi was captured, he was sent to the Mongolian Khanate in the north to see mengge Khan. Mengge Khan tendered him, gave him a gold amulet, and ordered him to return to the country and continue to manage the original ministries.

Duan Xingzhi not only saved his life, but also was appreciated by mengge Khan. He continued to be in charge of Yunnan, perhaps more comfortable than when he was bullied by Gao. He was elated and grateful for Mongolia, so he served as a guide for Mongolian soldiers to pursue and kill the remnant resistance of Dali. He personally led his troops to suppress the people of all ethnic groups who resisted the Mongolian army in Dali, and even took part in the Mongolian attack on Annan (the predecessor of Vietnam) It's a war of war.

In 1260, Duan Xingzhi made a pilgrimage to the north again and died on the way. He was sent by Mongolian envoys to hang a memorial ceremony. His posthumous title was "king of virtue to the righteous heaven". In the following year, Kublai Khan ordered Duan Shi, the younger brother of Duan Xingzhi, to succeed the general manager of Dali. Duan Shi, like his elder brother, was especially loyal to Mongolia, which won Kublai Khan's praise. He "showed his best" and "showed his benevolence".

"Yuankuageng" is a milestone in Yunnan history. Since then, Yunnan has been incorporated into the territory of China in the form of a province. Since the Tang Dynasty, the era of Dali City as the political, economic and cultural center of Yunnan has ended, and the political center of Yunnan has moved from Dali to Kunming.

Chinese PinYin : Duan Xing Zhi