Mourning

Mourning the Duke of Jin Dynasty

Duke mourning of Jin Dynasty (586-558 BC), surnamed Ji and named Zhou, is the youngest son of huibotan (Ji tan). His grandfather Huan Shujie (Ji Jie) is the second son of Duke Xiang of Jin Dynasty. After his cousin, Duke li of Jin, was killed, he was welcomed as king. His posthumous title is "mourning" and his title is "Marquis", also known as "Marquis Zhou of Jin", or "Marquis Zhou of Jin" for short.

Duke mourning of Jin is the great grandson of Duke Xiang of Jin, the grandson of Huan Shujie, the second son of huibotan, and the nephew of Duke li of Jin.

He was born in Luoyi, at the foot of the emperor. He studied under the guidance of Shan Xianggong (the monarch of a single country, who is good at prophecy). He has the talent of both a virtuous monarch and a prime minister. He has great hope of becoming a monarch. He has the ambition of becoming a monarch of Jin since he was a child. At the age of 14, he ascended to the throne of Jin, with Han and Luan as his assistant ministers, Qi and Yang as his counsellors. He attached great importance to Han Jue, Zhi Luo, Wei Jiang, Zhao Wu and other virtuous officials. He was strict in military discipline and compassionate for the people's strength. He ruled the country harmoniously and benefited the Central Plains. In the history, the alliance of Jin Dynasty is "like the harmony of music, everything is harmonious", so China is attached to it. Mourning the emperor's order and violating the emperor's respect, ten years of work, to pacify the outside world. Under its rule, the state of Jin was prosperous and the army ruled Wancheng, becoming the overlord at that time.

He was in office from 573 to 558 BC and died in 558 BC. He was only 29 years old. His literary and martial arts skills led the state of Jin to its prosperity again, forged military hegemony, ordered the princes to fight with the emperor, and finally dominated the Central Plains again.

In his reign, he used LV Xiang, Shi Zhan, Wei Jie, Zhao Wu and others to punish Ren Xian and rectify the internal affairs. In the fourth year of mourning the Duke of Jin Dynasty (569 BC), Wei Jiang carried out the strategy of "harmony with Rong Di" and got along well with Rong di. During the eight years of uniting the Song Dynasty and the Wu Dynasty, Jiuhe princes pushed Jin's hegemony to the peak. Quan Zuwang, a scholar, listed Jin mourning as one of the five tyrants in the spring and Autumn period.

At the end of Jin Dynasty, the state of Jin conquered Qi, deterred Qin, and exhausted Chu, so the world could not compete with it.

Life of the characters

Young and wise

Gongsun Zhou is the great grandson of Duke Xiang of Jin, the grandson of Huan Shujie, the second son of Huibo Tan, and the nephew of Duke li of Jin. Sun zhoucong was brilliant. He was a teacher of Shan Xianggong in his teens. He was well-known at that time for his erudite knowledge, calm and rigorous style of speech. They said: Jin Hou Zhou Pu is not like a king, only Zhou Zi can match.

Shan Xianggong praised it: standing like a pine, not squinting, not listening, not speaking aloud. On respect and God; on loyalty and mind; on faith and self; on benevolence and others; on righteousness and interests; on wisdom and doing things; on courage and restriction; on Jiaolian and discernment; on filial piety and spirit; on Huilian and harmony; on yielding Lian and colleagues. When we heard about the war in Jin, we were sad and happy.

Xianggong was about to die, and told shanqinggong: "treat sun Zhou well! Sun Zhou was eager to learn, and his prestige was growing day by day; under the Duke Cheng of Jin Dynasty, his official office was thin, and sun Zhou was a close relative in terms of blood lineage; he attached great importance to Literature and virtue, and had the ability to handle the world and the earth. It's really valuable to see that he stands like a pine, looks solemn, hears firmly and speaks cautiously. Kuang Jin Marquis's image is obscene, not dignified and ambitious, and he is bound to be defeated in three years. If sun Zhou did not abandon the root, he would be a vassal. Don't wait... "

the meeting of wind and clouds

In 575 B.C., the battle of Yanling led to the defeat of Chu master, which was written by Ying Zhaozi (i.e. Ying Zhi). Luan Shuji slandered: "wenjizi (wennaiying to Shiyi, so called) established sun Zhou through Chu." Li Gong then suspected Sanying.

In 574 BC, sun Zhou received a letter from the state of Jin, which was written by Luan Shu. In his letter, he recommended Yingzhi to sun Zhou: Yingzhi had great achievements in Jin Dynasty and had a bright future. If you have a good relationship with him, it will be of great benefit to your recovery.

Before long, Ying Zhaozi came to Zhou to offer his captives. Sun Zhou invited Yingzhi, and Yingzhi was invited. Their "tacit understanding" is monitored by the spy sent by Li Gong.

Li Gongyu resented Sanying, but he killed Yingying, yingying and Yingzhi and Yiqi. But let go of luanshu and zhongxingyan who were arrested together. Soon after, Luan and Zhonghang led the prisoners to kill Li Gong and his cronies. Later, the two Qing officials killed Li Gong and sent Zhiluo and Shibao to Zhou to welcome Fengxin.

Return to China and ascend the throne

At the end of 574 B.C., Xunzi (that is, Zhihe, who feeds on Zhihe) and Shibao (who feeds on Zhizhi) came to Chengzhou, where they met Zhouzi and claimed that they believed in Luan's calligraphy and sincerely invited Zhouzi to tell stories about Chenggong.

Continue to read extensively in Luoyi, write poems to express one's ambition, or return to the motherland and show one's learning? Thirty years ago, Zhao xuanzi (Zhao Dun) sent Zhao Chuan (who killed linggong of Jin in 607 B.C.) to welcome his son black buttock back to the throne for the sake of Chenggong of Jin. However, Cheng Gong was no different from a puppet in the shadow of Zhao. This scene is repeated today: Sun Zhou can't help hesitating: where does Luan Shu live?

After careful consideration, sun Zhou decided to return to his native land with Xun and Shi. After a little rectification, sun Zhou saw the king of Zhou Jian and the Duke of Shan Qinggong, and said goodbye to the emperor and the son of Shan. Accompanied by Xunzi and Shibao, he left Zhouji and embarked on the road of returning home.

In January, sun Zhou and his party entered the territory of Jin and arrived in Qingyuan. Seeing the overwhelming situation, the officials left behind by the state of Jin were waiting in Qingyuan. Luan Shu's foreman visits sun Zhou.

Sun Zhou's inaugural manifesto was astonishing: "it's not my wish that I can serve you. Is it not God's will? How can I hope to be king when I travel abroad and do not expect to return home? The king of the expensive, order from also. It would be better to have no monarch if you didn't obey his orders. It's only today that Qing and others are willing to use the name of widows. If not, they will serve others more. I can't sit on the empty name and be the continuation of Zhoupu. " At the end of the speech, everyone was surprised. Dr. Zhu Qing bowed his head and bowed again: "only you can follow me!" Sun Zhou struck while the iron was hot, and allied himself with his brother-in-law.

On the first day of February 573 B.C., sun Zhou, who was only 14 years old, went to the court with the support of his ministers and compatriots. He formally succeeded the Marquis of Jin Dynasty and mourned for the Duke of Jin Dynasty. He was 14 years old.

Carry out the new deal

After the battle of Che yuan, the high-level of Jin state was shocked violently, the policies were chaotic, the people were exploited, the officials were unpopular, and the middle and lower levels were poor.

On the day after the Duke of Jin mourning ascended the throne, he began to reform the improper aspects of the period of Duke li of Jin, expel seven treacherous and sycophantic ministers in exile, and execute Xun Hua (Cheng Hua), who killed Duke li of Jin. Since then, the remaining evils of Li Gong Dynasty have been basically eliminated one after another, conforming to the public opinion. Then the Duke of mourning issued a series of new policies

1. Select talented people to fill the vacancy and stabilize the government;

2. Exempt the laborer from embezzlement and exploitation and keep the laborer's enthusiasm;

3. Take care of the orphaned elderly. For those who are over 70 years old, mourn for the public and meet them in person, which makes people feel deeply concerned by the government;

4. To employ virtuous officials who have been suppressed and dismissed for various reasons;

5. Rectify the folk customs, help the poor and help the disaster victims;

6. Reducing taxes and entertaining criminals;

7. Rectify the administration of officials, be diligent in administration, advocate honesty and punish corruption severely;

8. Use the people's power cautiously, make it clear that the ruling class is not allowed to invade agriculture, and ensure the enrichment of the Treasury.

As soon as the mourning policy was issued, it met the interest needs of all walks of life in the state of Jin and won the support of most people.

Reorganize Baqing

Qing is the fourth body of the monarch. Sanying and Xutong were vacant, and Baqing was reorganized. In the battle of Wei he helped Xun Shou capture Chu's grain minister and Lian Yinxiang's elder, so that Ziyu (Xunzi, Zi Yu) could be saved. In the battle of Yanling, Wei Kai shot the blind chuzi (the common king of Chu) and defeated the Chu army. In order to stabilize the state of Jin, Wei Kai made great contributions, but his family was not prominent. Shi bream, the young son of suihui, the younger brother of fan Xie. Fan Wuzi (i.e. suihui, Huishi Wuzi), who lived in suihui and fan, inherited the system from Anjin and has been used to this day; fan Wenzi (i.e. fan Xie, Xie Shi Wenzi) personally bowed the state affairs to make the vassals subordinate. How can we forget the merits of the father and son? In the past, when the Jin Dynasty was fighting for CHIDI, the Qin people attacked me, and Wei Ke conquered the enemy in Fushi. Today, Qin is especially afraid. How can his son not be reused? " After the speech, everyone was amazed. Mourning the Duke, he ordered the general of Wei Xiang to join the army, and the general of Shi Zhe to assist him; the general of Shi Zhan to join the new army, and the general of Wei Jie to assist him. Shi Baqing was as follows:

Eight in the Qing Dynasty, mourning Gong affirmed the interests of the nobles * *, Xun, Han and fan, and promoted Lv Xiang (Wei Xiang, Xiang Yu Lu) and Mei Mei (namely, the bream, the bream, the food in the Hu), and Ling Hu Jie (that is Wei Jie, Xie Yu, Yu Ling Hu) and Zhao Wu. Facts have proved that, apart from Zhao Wu, those who have been promoted are less able to govern the people. From this point of view, the purpose of mourning is to divide the eight ministers. If the new nobles want to gain a firm foothold, they must follow the orders of the Marquis of Jin. Centralization of power was fully established on the first day of mourning for the throne.

Appointment of officials

Mourning for the fourth Minister of the state. Luan Shu asked Li Gong family doctor. Mourning Gong Xu Zhi: "Xun family is simple and kind, Xun Hui is dignified and alert, Luan he is bold and resolute, Han Wuji is calm and calm. After the nobles, they were taught by the simple and generous elders, guided by the gentle and astute wise, admonished by the resolute, loyal and brave, and corrected by the calm and calm sages. In my opinion, Xun family, Xun Hui, Luan he and Han Wuji are the officials of the public family, which is enough to rely on! " Luan Shu was speechless, only mourning for the Duke.

The Duke of mourning in Jin Dynasty ordered Qi Xiguo to serve as the lieutenant of the Chinese army. He ordered Qi Xiguo to assist Qi Xi and Wei Jiang to abide by the discipline bravely. In addition, Zhang laoming was not treacherous and served as Hou Yan of the Chinese army; Zhi duo was respectful and self-improvement and served as captain; Ji Yan was honest and obedient and served as the commander of the Chinese army; Cheng Zheng was dignified and upright and served as the commander of the Chinese army.

There is no stock arm, no power base, no political capital, or even never set foot in the state of Jin. In a short year, the state of Jin is full of prosperous and harmonious atmosphere.

Promote the public

In the past, Chonger (Duke Wen of Jin Dynasty) was one of the ten tribes in the restoration: Xu, Ji, Hu, Ji, Luan, Ying, Bo, Xian, yangshe, Dong and Han. When the once glorious nobles fell one after another, when they mourned the Duke, they were rare and there were many powerful families

Chinese PinYin : Dao Gong