Wang Fangding

Wang Fangding

Wang Fangding, born on December 21, 1928 in Shenyang, Liaoning Province, native place: Zigong, Sichuan Province, is a nuclear chemist, member (academician) of the academic department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, researcher and doctoral supervisor of the Chinese Academy of atomic energy.

After graduating from Sichuan Institute of Chemical Technology in 1953, Wang Fangding was assigned to work in the Institute of modern physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. In 1958, he began to engage in radiochemistry in the development of nuclear weapons and developed neutron source materials used to trigger the chain reaction of atomic bombs. In 1964, he went to Qinghai to take charge of radiochemistry in the development of atomic bombs and monitor nuclear explosions. In 1978, he returned to Beijing and worked in the nuclear industry He worked in the Military Industry Bureau of the Ministry of industry, transferred to the Chinese Academy of atomic energy in 1979 and turned to basic research in radiochemistry, was elected member of the academic department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1991, and was elected member of the Eighth National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference in 1993.

Wang Fangding was responsible for the development of China's first nuclear bomb detonating neutron source; he participated in the creation of radiochemical diagnostic methods for nuclear tests, which have been used in practice for many times, such as the diagnostic methods for fission burnup; in the 1980s, he carried out the research on the chemical state and spontaneous fission charge distribution of multivalent fission products.

Character experience

In December 1928, Wang Fangding was born into an intellectual family in Shenyang, Liaoning Province. On September 18, 1931, after the September 18 Incident, Wang Fangding, 3, fled to Shanghai with his family. Due to his father's job transfer, Wang Fangding moved to Nanjing to study in the Experimental Primary School of Nanjing middle school. In 1943, Wang Fangding completed his studies in Nankai Middle School in Chongqing and Shuguang middle school in Zigong. In the summer of 1948, Wang Fangding was admitted to the Department of telecommunications management of Jiaotong University. At the end of the same year, Jiaotong University was planning to move to Taiwan, and Wang Fangding returned to Sichuan as a primary school teacher. In 1950, Wang Fangding was admitted to the Department of chemical engineering of Chongqing University. In 1952, Wang Fangding studied in Sichuan University of Chemical Technology (now Sichuan University). In 1953, after graduating from University, Wang Fangding was assigned to the Institute of modern physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences by the state, and received professional study inside and outside the Institute (until 1955). In February 1959, Wang Fangding, as a representative of the advanced collective, participated in the representative conference of leap forward activists held by the Ministry of second machinery at the workers' Cultural Palace in Hufangqiao, Beijing, and was received by Premier Zhou in Zhongnanhai. At the end of the same year, according to the suggestion of director Qian Sanqiang, Wang Fangding and his colleagues spent about a month to set up a simple shed as a laboratory, and started the chemical experiment of extracting polonium, and then carried out the trial production of tritium and uranium hydride. In 1964, Wang Fangding, who finished the research and development of the ignition neutron source, was sent to the ninth Academy of research and development to Qinghai Province to be responsible for the radiochemical work in the development of the atomic bomb and monitor the nuclear explosion. From October 16, 1964 to September 27, 1969, Wang Fangding participated in the radiochemical analysis and determination of ten nuclear explosions, studied the residue of nuclear explosion with radiochemical methods, made radiochemical diagnosis for China's first atomic bomb, the first hydrogen bomb and other nuclear tests, and participated in the establishment of radiochemical diagnosis methods for nuclear tests. In 1978, Wang Fangding returned to Beijing and worked in the military Bureau of the Ministry of nuclear industry. in 1979, he was transferred to the China Academy of Atomic Energy Sciences and turned to basic research of radiochemistry, directing the research of chemical reaction and charge distribution caused by spontaneous fission process. He also served as professor and doctoral supervisor of Graduate Department of nuclear industry. In 1991, he was elected member (academician) of the academic department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He was selected as a member of the eighth CPPCC National Committee from 1993 to 1997. on April 23, 2010, he attended the 55th anniversary celebration and discipline construction seminar of radiochemistry and Applied Chemistry of Peking University held at Yingjie Exchange Center of Peking University.

Main achievements

Achievements in scientific research

Neutron source materials for initiating chain reaction of atomic bomb have been developed

At the end of 1959, Wang Fangding and his colleagues began the chemical experiment of extracting polonium, followed by the trial production of tritium and uranium hydride. According to the principle of neutron nuclear reaction, the research work of manufacturing neutron source by other ways is also put on the agenda one by one. Finally, three development routes are summarized, which are code named 9501, 9502 and 9503. In order to strengthen the strength and speed up, Wang Fangding's team only did the 9501 project. 9501 project includes light nuclide preparation, compound preparation, chemical composition identification, physical state identification, operation conditions establishment, etc. They have designed and manufactured special sealed chambers, gas purification and recycling systems and gas analysis methods. After a lot of experiments, the materials were synthesized in July 1961. The 9501 material put into production in this project has been successfully used as ignition neutron source, and has been used as nuclear ignition component of nuclear bomb for many times. In the special prize "breakthrough and weaponization of atomic bomb" of the national science and technology progress award, Wang Fangding was included in the honor list of the award because he was the main participant of the component. The research work related to the project won two National Science Conference Awards.

Participating in the establishment of radiochemical diagnostic methods for nuclear tests

Wang Fangding and his colleagues have successively successfully carried out radiochemical diagnosis of China's first air dropped atomic bomb, the first enhanced atomic bomb with thermonuclear materials, the first hydrogen bomb principle experiment and many other nuclear tests, and submitted radiochemical diagnosis reports. A variety of analysis schemes have been established to measure recovery coefficient, equivalent, neutron and gas, so as to meet the test requirements of single atomic bomb, different fission material atomic bomb, enhanced atomic bomb, principle of hydrogen bomb and full equivalent hydrogen bomb. Wang Fangding. Fusion chemistry and radiochemical study of high energy neutron reactions. Atomic energy science and technology, 1982,16 (3): 357-357. Ping Peizhen, Wang Fangding. Zirconium in HNO_ Extraction behavior in 3-hdbp-kerosene system. Atomic energy science and technology, 1984 (2): 207-207. sun Jianguo, Guo Jingru, Wang Fangding. Measurement of independent yield of ~ (88) y in thermal neutron induced fission of ~ (235) U. annual report of China Academy of atomic energy, 1986 (00). Qi Zhanshun, Zhang Pilu, Wang Fangding, et al, 1987 (00). Zhang Yanling et al. China Nuclear Science and technology report cnic-00421iae-0079252cf. Study on spontaneous fission charge distribution. Determination of cumulative yield of 133mte and 133gte. Zhang Yanling, Li Xueliang, Guo Jingru, Wang Fangding, et al. Determination of effective fission rate of 252Cf source by "99 Mo fission yield method". Annual report of China Academy of atomic energy, 1989 (00). Zhao Xin, Li Xueliang, Guo Jingru, Wang Fangding, Study on the charge distribution of spontaneous fission of 252Cf -- Determination of cumulative yields of 127g Sn and 128 SN. China Nuclear Science and technology report, 1990. Zhang Yanling, Li Xueliang, Wang Fangding, et al. Study on the charge distribution of spontaneous fission of 252Cf -- Determination of cumulative yields of 133m te and 133g te. China Nuclear Science and technology report, 1990 (S4): 27-28. Wang Dongmei, Guo Jingru, Wang Fangding, et al, Calibration of SSTD efficiency factor with 252Cf solution. Nuclear chemistry and radiochemistry, 1991,13 (2): 107-107. Wang Dongmei, Zhang Chunhua, Tang Peijia, et al. Measurement of fission yield of 235U induced by 24.4kev neutrons. Nuclear chemistry and radiochemistry, 1991,13 (4): 237-237. Jia yongfen, Wang Fangding, Zhang Pilu. Kinetics of oxidation-reduction reaction of 1.6 technetium, Zhang Anyun, Hu Jingxin, Zhang Xianye, Wang Fangding. Kinetics of redox reaction of N, n-diethylhydroxylamine with nitrite. Annual report of China Academy of atomic energy, 1997 (00): 122. Zhang Anyun, Liu Ying, Wang Fangding. Kinetics and mechanism of redox reaction of hydroxylamine with PU (IV). Applied Chemistry, 2000,17 (2): 138-141, Wang Fangding. Study on the reaction of technetium with hydrazine in nitric acid medium. Nuclear chemistry and radiochemistry, 2003, 25 (3): 129-129. as of December 2015, Wang Fangding has successively won one second prize, two third prizes, three National Science Conference Awards, one second prize of national science and technology progress award, two first prizes of national defense science and technology award, one first prize, one second prize and one third prize of China National Nuclear Industry Corporation Science and technology award.

personnel training

Wang Fangding also adheres to a rigorous and serious attitude in teaching and educating people. He always kept in mind what Mr. Qian Sanqiang had taught him: if you have the conditions, you should go up. If you don't have the conditions, you should also go up. Wang Fangding takes Qian's words as his guide to action and is always strict with himself. He raised money for his postgraduates, built laboratories, and created good experimental conditions and learning environment for them, so that they could have more time and space to devote themselves to the study and research of radiochemistry. In 1983, Wang Fangding's Ministry of nuclear industry began to recruit postgraduates, and he became a professor and doctoral candidate