Zhang Dunren

Zhang Dunren

Zhang Dunren (1754-1834), the word Zhonggao, the word Guyu, Guyu, the name Guyu. Zezhou Fu Yangcheng (now Shanxi Yangcheng) people. Qing mathematician and book collector.

Life of the characters

Qianlong 43 years (1778) Jinshi, granted Jiangxi Gaoan county magistrate, Luling Prefecture magistrate, moved tongguying Tongzhi, Department Jiujiang, Fuzhou, Nan'an, Raozhou, Jiaqing early, Li Songjiang, Suzhou, Jiangning Prefecture magistrate, transferred Jiangxi Ji'an Prefecture magistrate, Yunnan yanyidao, Yangzhou Prefecture magistrate. He has been an official for 40 years. He is honest and upright, and has made outstanding achievements. What's more, he has never stopped his mathematical research, which is despised by ordinary officials. He can be called an outstanding mathematician. He is also a famous philologist. He once presided over the publication of Han Feizi and Yili Zhushu, which was highly valued by the people at that time. Gu Qianli presided over the publication of twenty volumes of Zheng Xuan's annotation to the book of rites (with four volumes of Shi Wen) in the fourth year of Chunxi of Song Dynasty. Among them, the twenty volumes of Zheng's annotation originated from Gu Qianli's brother Gu Zhikui's small book collection, while the four volumes of Shi Wen were replaced by the Tongzhi hall version because it was difficult to take out the small book collection. He is erudite and accomplished in mathematics, textual research, classics and history. Jiafu collected books, built the "61 hall" of the library, served Ouyang Xiu as a statue in the hall, stored books around, and set up "Xiaoshi" special management. When he was governor Ren Ji'an, he spent half a year proofreading "Zi Zhi Tong Jian", adding more than a thousand words and correcting hundreds of words. Collection of the Northern Song Dynasty edition "Mr. Changli collection" fragments. Later overseas Chinese lived in Jiangning (today's Nanjing) and built "provincial training hall", "Yu Gu Lou" and "Yi Xue Xuan" to collect books. Gu Guangqi wrote "Yu Gu Lou Ji". After his death, his collection of books was scattered, and he Shaoji of Daozhou had several kinds of rubbings. The book collection is printed with "article Taishou", "Yangcheng Zhang's provincial training hall scriptures", "Guyu collection descendants forever", "Yangcheng Zhang's and Gulou scriptures", "Zhang Dunren read", "kaijuan Yile", "article Taishou" and so on.

Character works

There are mainly three volumes of "compilation of ancient Suan Jing Xi Cao", nine volumes of "prescription supplement", three volumes of "seeking one arithmetic", two volumes of "seeking one general explanation", twenty volumes of "Er Ya Tu Kao", four volumes of "Zi Zhi Tong Jian Bu Zheng Lue", three volumes of "Zi Zhi Tong Jian Kan Ben Zhi Zhi Zhi Zhi Bian Bian Bian Bian Zhi", two volumes of "Li Ji Bu Zhu Kao Yi", one volume of "Xue Tang Mo pin" and "Shang Shu Bu Zhu Kao Yi".

Mathematics research

Jigu Suanjing is a mathematical work compiled by Wang Xiaotong in Tang Dynasty. It introduces the method of open band Congli (finding the positive root of cubic equation). It is a new contribution in this respect after the lost of Zhushu by Zu Chongzhi, a mathematician in southern and Northern Dynasties. It is helpful to solve the complex calculation problems in large-scale engineering construction. When Zhang Dunren studied the book, he found that the operation program was too complex to be popularized. Therefore, he bravely innovated and used the lost Tianyuan technique (similar to the column equation in modern algebra) in the calculation of such problems, and simplified Wang Xiaotong's tedious calculation method to column equation to solve application problems, which promoted the application of theory in this field. At the same time, he also wrote a three volume edition of "compiling ancient Suan Jing Xi Cao". Qin Jiushao, a mathematician of the Southern Song Dynasty, recorded in the nine chapters of mathematics that "Da Yan seeks one skill". Its rudiment is the saying in Sunzi Suanjing that "now there are some unknown numbers, three or three numbers left, five or five numbers left, seven or seven numbers left, how about the geometry of things?" The theory involved in solving this problem is similar to the modern theory of linear congruence. Because in the process of solving it, we have to divide until the last remainder is "one", so it is called "seeking one". It could have been solved, but it was lost in Ming Dynasty. Zhang Dunren saved this achievement by writing "seeking the arithmetic of oneself" (three volumes).

Records in the draft of Qing History

Zhang Dunren, a native of Yangcheng, Shanxi Province, is an ancient fool. In the 40th year of Qianlong's reign, he was awarded the title of magistrate of Gao'an County in Jiangxi Province and the title of Tomb of Lu. He is good at official affairs. He moved to tongguying, where he worked in Jiujiang, Fuzhou, Nan'an and Raozhou. At the beginning of Jiaqing, he changed his official position to Jiangsu, and passed through the prefects of Songjiang, Suzhou and Jiangning. In six years, he was transferred to Ji'an, Jiangxi Province. Along the Ganjiang River, there were many robbers, and the Jian officials were selected to patrol and arrest them. The robbers were responsible for catching the chief culprit. They did not hide and flee. They were peaceful and virtuous. Then we will sign in Nanchang to find out the actual teaching. Wuning people's wife and two private, killed her husband, the former guard on the way to her husband's death, not by the woman. Dun Ren's words are the same as his own, but his young son is suspicious. Please stay in front of the guard with Chen, then got the murder to remove the body, prison is fixed. Longquan heaven and earth will bandits trouble, governor call Dunren to press, not to town road has sent troops to capture more than 200 people, people fear. Dun renlian knew that there was a gap between the bandit party and Wen's son. He was not rebellious, and the law was the last to be reduced. He was the first two. In order to protect the family, the rich family often pretended to be with them. After all, the prison is full. If we investigate the wrongs, we can release them. In the second year of Daoguang's reign, he promoted the salt law of Yunnan Province and sought to become an official by begging for illness. Dun Ren is erudite, precise textual research, public leisure writing on the spot, and most of the books are called rare books. Living in Jiangning, he died at the age of 80. Many books have been lost.