Song Zhi's

Song Zhi's

Song Zhi's (1914-1956), formerly known as song ruzhao, is a playwright. Born in April 1914 in songjiakoutou village, Fengrun County, Hebei Province, he studied in the Department of Russian economics, law school, Peking University. On May 28, 1930, he first published his maiden work Li Shu under the pseudonym of "Song Zhi de" in the supplement of the new morning post. In 1932, he joined the Chinese left-wing dramatist League and led the Xindi opera company and Dadi opera company. He also participated in the left-wing film review group led by Xia Yan. In 1935, he went to Taiyuan as a screenwriter of Northwest film company and Western opera company. In 1948, he joined the Chinese people's Liberation Army. On April 17, 1956, he died of liver cancer at the age of 42. The main works include drama whose crime, fog Chongqing, country first, screenplay infinite career, opera fight against the aggressors, classical song and dance drama nine pieces of clothes, etc.

Profile

When Song Zhi was the director of Publishing Department of Beiping sub League, he edited drama news. Later, he was a screenwriter of Northwest film company and northwest drama company. In 1937, he organized the first Anti Japanese national salvation drama team in Shanghai and served as the vice captain. In 1939, he organized a writers' field delegation in Chongqing and served as the deputy head of the delegation. After 1941, the Hong Kong Opera Society organized the Chinese troupe Association. In 1946, he became a professor of Shandong University and chief editor of the Northeast Literary Association's daily life. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1948. In the same year, he joined the Chinese people's Liberation Army. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, he successively served as the director of the Research Office of the fourth field army's southward working group, director of the Cultural Department of the general political department and general manager of PLA literature and art, member of the first and second sessions of the China Federation of literary and art circles, member of the first session of the China Writers' Association, executive director of the first session of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference, and editor in chief of the script monthly. His works include drama whose crime, fog Chongqing, country first, screenplay infinite career and fighting the aggressor, classical song and dance drama nine pieces of clothes, etc.

Life experience

Family decline

Song Zhi was born in April 1914 in a peasant family in songjiakoutou village, Fengrun County, Hebei Province. His father, song Xigong, made a living by leaving him more than ten acres of land from his ancestors and by purchasing more than ten acres of land from his second brother, song Ximing, who worked on the railway in his hometown. He was relatively well-off. Later, he was cheated into doing business with others and lost a lot of money. During the lawsuit, song Xigong was repeatedly blackmailed by the litigants because he was illiterate, and he was falsely accused of losing the lawsuit and owed a large amount of foreign debt. In order to repay the foreign debt, the land had to be sold out. At the age of eleven, his family was in decline and it was difficult to continue. His father had to foster him to the second uncle's home in Suiyuan (now Hohhot City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region). Song Zhidi was admitted to rotary primary school there and began to receive modern education. In 1929, on the eve of the war between Jiang Yan and the warlord, the situation in Suiyuan was turbulent. Song Zhi was sent back to his hometown by his second uncle and was admitted to Qieshan middle school in Fengrun, Hebei Province. At that time, the progressive force of Qieshan middle school was already quite active. Among Song Zhi's classmates and teachers, there were many Communists. Influenced by these progressive teachers and classmates, Song Zhi began to read Marxist books, which laid the ideological foundation for his future progressive drama activities.

Acting activities

In the spring of 1930, Song Zhi was forced to drop out of school because of his family's financial difficulties and went to Beiping alone to make a living. In his spare time, he read a large number of literature and art publications, including petrel, pioneers and other progressive publications, sprouting the desire for literary creation. In May, Li Shu, his first work, was published in the supplement of the new morning post under the pseudonym of song Zhide for the first time, thus taking the first step in literary creation. In the summer of the same year, song Zhidi was admitted to the Department of Russian economics in the Law School of Peking University. He met Yu Ling, Chen Yi and others. Under their influence, he took part in the anti imperialist public performance of the left-wing Troupe "Hemang Opera Society". The practice of drama activities made Song Zhi have a further understanding of the social role of drama as an art form, and his interest in the art of drama became more intense. From then on, Song Zhi had an indissoluble bond with the drama movement. In June 1932, Song Zhi's and Yu Ling organized and established the buliba drama club. After Yu Ling's introduction, Song Zhi joined the Peking branch of the left-wing dramatist League. He edited the official journal drama news, criticizing the academic school's literary and artistic view of "art for art's sake" and advocating that "drama reflects life and drama shouts for different classes".

In 1933, as the white terror intensified, in order to avoid the arrest of the Kuomintang gendarmerie, Song Zhi was forced to suspend his studies, left Beijing for Shanghai, participated in the Shanghai left wing Drama Association, organized and led the Xindi drama club and Dadi drama club; at the same time, he participated in the left wing film review group led by Xia Yan, and wrote film reviews on the supplement "Yingtan" of the people's daily. From then on, professional literary activities began. He was arrested twice that year for taking part in progressive activities and performing dramas, and was released from prison after rescue. After his release from prison, he wrote his first three act drama "criminal" and screenplay "infinite career".

reportage

In April 1935, at the invitation of his old friend Zhang Jichun, he went north to Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, where he worked as a screenwriter for "Northwest film company" and "Northwest drama society". He wrote the drama "criminal" and the screenplay "infinite career". And with the famous film director Wang Ping knot for life partner. After a year, because Yan Xishan began to persecute progressives in Shanxi, Song Zhi was forced to return to Shanghai. In September, he published the reportage in Taiyuan in the spring of 1936 in the first issue of Zhongliu, which has aroused great repercussions in the literary world and is known as a masterpiece of early reportage in China.

Anti Japanese and national salvation

After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, song Zhidi, as the deputy head of the Anti Japanese national salvation drama team, went to Nanjing, Wuhan, Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Xi'an, Shaanxi and Sichuan to carry out Anti Japanese propaganda activities in the streets, factories, rural areas and barracks, and performed street plays such as "put down your whip", "roar, China" and "wind and rain Lugou Bridge" for the Anti Japanese soldiers and civilians in various war zones. At the end of the year, he arrived in Wuhan and joined "Shanghai Amateur Dramatists Association". Soon after, the all China theater anti enemy association was established in Wuhan, and Song Zhi was elected as its executive director. In the summer of 1938, accompanied by Guo Moruo, director of the third Department of the political department, Zhou Enlai, vice chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), who was also vice minister of politics of the Kuomintang military commission, met with Song Zhi. He affirmed his achievements and hoped that he would temporarily write less scripts and do more on-the-spot interviews on the front line, so as to break the Kuomintang's monopoly of news. In particular, he hoped that Song Zhi would go to Shanxi, Henan and other areas where the Eighth Route Army was active, and Song Zhi readily agreed. In June of the next year, Song Zhi's took part in the northwest battlefield "writers' field visiting group" organized by the all China Anti enemy Association of literary and art circles, and served as the deputy head of the group. First in Li Zongren's fifth war zone, and then in southeastern Shanxi, I interviewed Xu Qianqian, Zhou Shidi, Peng Shaohui and other Eighth Route Army generals, and wrote a lot of features and reports. He also created a large number of dramas, such as Huangpu riverside, drama spring and autumn, the supremacy of the country, eight hundred heroes, punishment, the call of the motherland, and Wu Zetian, which had a certain impact in China.

A year later, Zhou Enlai sent a message to song Zhide, asking him to go to Chongqing to report back to the people on the front line, and suggested that he stay in Chongqing to carry out his work. According to Zhou Enlai's suggestion, song Zhidi came to the mountain city of Chongqing. There, song Zhidi created a large number of works, such as the communication "growing out of hatred", accusing the Japanese invaders of their barbaric crimes. After the southern Anhui Incident, song Zhidi, under the instruction of Zhou Enlai, flew to Hong Kong with other famous writers and artists, and organized the Hong Kong Opera Association together with Ling and Jinshan. After the outbreak of the Pacific War, the Japanese army occupied Hong Kong, and song Zhidi and others trekked back to Chongqing. Under the leadership of Xia Yan, they jointly organized the Chinese art drama club with Yu Ling and Jinshan to perform progressive drama. During the period, he created drama "fog Chongqing", "punishment", "the motherland is calling", "cold spring" and so on, cooperated with Lao She to create "country is supreme", and cooperated with Xia Yan and Yu Ling to create "drama spring and Autumn". In December 1940, "fog Chongqing" was performed by the Chinese long live theater in Chongqing Guotai Grand Theater, which was unprecedented. Since then, fog Chongqing has become a synonym for the Kuomintang's accompanying capital.

Literature and art propaganda

After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, song Zhidi returned to Shanghai, where he had been away for eight years, and helped Yu Ling restore the "Shanghai drama club". Soon, at the invitation of Comrade Chen Yi, he set foot on the long cherished liberated area of Northern Jiangsu. In September, he was assigned to the Department of literature and art of Shandong University by the Propaganda Department of the East China Bureau of the Communist Party of China.

In the autumn of 1947, Song Zhi was transferred to Harbin as the team leader of the Northeast Literary Association, and served as the president of life daily. In the winter of 1948, with the development of the national war situation, he joined the Chinese people's Liberation Army, went through the Liaoshen and Pingjin battles as a reporter, followed the army to Hainan Island, and later served as director of the Research Office of the fourth field army's southward working group and deputy director of the literature and Art Department of Wuhan military control commission.

Creative climax

In the summer of 1949, Song Zhi participated in the National Congress of literary and artistic workers, served as the deputy head of the PLA delegation, and was elected member of the all China Federation of literary and artistic circles, member of the writers' Association, and member of the Standing Committee of the Drama Association. In 1950, he served as director of literature and art of the Cultural Department of the General Political Department of the Chinese people's Liberation Army and chief editor of literature and art of the Chinese people's Liberation Army. In 1954, he was elected director of China Writers Association and executive director of China Dramatists Association. After liberation, Song Zhi's literary and artistic creation reached a climax. The films "fight against the aggressors" and "defend peace" are his two most influential plays after liberation. It defends peace through the story of Cui Kai, deputy head of the Chinese people's Volunteer Army, who, with the cooperation of the Korean people's army and the guerrillas, led the troops to penetrate the enemy's rear, smash the enemy's attack plan, and enthusiastically praised the fighting friendship between the Chinese and Korean people and the internationalist spirit of the Chinese people's Volunteer Army. Later appeared Peking Opera "surprise attack White Tiger Group" and film "surprise attack"