Yang Wenxiang

Yang Wenxiang

Yang Wenxiang (1596-1646), born in Guizhou Province, was a painter of Ming Dynasty. He lived in Jinling (now Nanjing). In the 47th year of Wanli (1619), he failed in six examinations. In the seventh year of Chongzhen (1634), he was elected as the magistrate of Huating County, and later moved to Qingtian, Jiangning, Yongjia and other counties. Zhan zhaoheng participated in the impeachment for the censor. Yang Wenxiang is erudite and good at painting landscapes. It is one of the "nine friends in painting". Born in Guizhu, he is the only one who has ever made such paintings as taijuan. His paintings have the strength of the Song Dynasty and the elegance of the Yuan Dynasty. They go in and out between Juran and huichong.

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Yang Wenlu (1596-1646), a native of Guizhou Province, was born in Jinling (now Nanjing). In the 47th year of Wanli (1619), he failed in six examinations. In the seventh year of Chongzhen (1634), he was elected as the magistrate of Huating County, and later moved to Qingtian, Jiangning, Yongjia and other counties. Zhan zhaoheng participated in the impeachment for the censor.

In the first year of Hongguang (1645), Zheng Hongkui was promoted to be the censor of the capital of Youjin. He scattered shells across the river. The Qing army feigned defeat and set up lights in the river with a raft.

Yang Wenxiang

Straight to his wife and brother Ma Shiying. It's the night of crossing the river. Because he was defeated by the Qing army, he fled to Suzhou. The Qing army sent Huang Jiahe, a minister of the Qing army, to persuade him to surrender, and Yang decapitated Huang. He retreated to Chuzhou (Lishui City, Zhejiang Province) to recruit volunteers. Zhu Yujian, the king of the Tang Dynasty, became emperor in Fuzhou. He was appointed as the right Minister of the Ministry of war and the governor of military affairs. Later, he was promoted to the governor of Zhejiang and Fujian. Ma Shiying was criticized for his complicity. Later, he led the people to fight against the Qing army. He was seriously injured and killed. More than 30 members of the family were killed at the same time. Kangxi first year (1662) with Sun Lin buried in fengxiangling.

Compared with Yang's political experience and military history, Yang's artistic achievements in painting and calligraphy are widely spread among later generations.

Artistic achievements

Artistic creation

Yang Wenxiang is erudite and good at painting landscapes. It is one of the "nine friends in painting". Born in Guizhu, he is the only one who has ever made such paintings as taijuan. His paintings have the strength of the Song Dynasty and the elegance of the Yuan Dynasty. They go in and out between Juran and huichong.

In 1638, there was a picture of dead wood, bamboo and stone, which was collected in Nanjing Museum. The works handed down from generation to generation include the axis of "imitating Dong Ju's landscape" written in 1636 of Chongzhen period, which is now stored in Beijing Municipal Bureau of cultural relics.

"Imitating Ni Zan's landscape painting" is in Wuxi Museum.

In 1638, the painting of ancient wood, bamboo and stone was collected in Nanjing Museum; in the same year, the painting of Shuicun was recorded in the second volume of the history of Chinese painting.

In 1642, the painting of Xianren village was collected in the Palace Museum; in 1631, the painting of Youlan bamboo was collected in the Museum of Guangdong Province; in 1631, the painting of Qiulin far axis was collected in Osaka City Art Museum.

He is the author of xunmeitang collection.

Three wonders of poetry, calligraphy and painting

Yang's outstanding talent is due to his excellent poetry, calligraphy and painting, as well as his skill in riding and shooting. Yang Wenxiang's poems are handed down from generation to generation, including xunmeitang poetry anthology, which was engraved in the 15th year of Chongzhen. Nine years ago, when Xia Yunding compiled and printed the anthology of eight Chongzhen poets, Yang Wenxiang was listed as one of them, and the other seven were Dong Qichang, Chen Jiru, Wang siren, Cao Xuequan, Li Mingrui, Tan Yuanchun and Ji Menglian, which shows the prosperity of his poems at that time.

Yang's poems mostly express his patriotism, the flesh and blood feelings of his teachers and friends, and his infatuation with mountains and rivers. He is full of enthusiasm and enthusiasm. Just as his good friend Chen Zilong said, "the poems of long you are full of lofty thoughts, gloomy colors, heroic but peaceful, and broad but elegant." His essays are also excellent, especially his travel notes. The collection of poems, essays and paintings, Shan Shui Yi, which was published in the third year of Chongzhen, contains more than 8000 words from Tai Dang diary, which is regarded as a masterpiece. Mr. Bai Jian said that it "integrates the wonders of famous mountains, anecdotes and legends, local conditions and customs in one furnace, and the strange feelings are overlapping, the wonderful feelings are various, and the poetic and picturesque flavor is full of between the lines, which is thought-provoking and fascinating.".

Yang Wenxiang's painting is more famous than his poem. Wu Meicun wrote the poem "nine friends in painting", and he is one of them.

Yang Wenxiang's handed down works of landscape painting, the painting of Songhe listening to the spring (right photo 1) and imitating Zhao Songxue's intention (right photo 2), are now in the collection of Tiandu building in Jinling.

His paintings were highly praised and recorded by many famous painters at that time. Qin maode compared him with Dong Qichang: "I amuse myself with poems and paintings, but I don't agree with all the famous officials in the Netherlands. Every time I talk about the three flavors, I will push Longyou and Dong Zongbo of Huating to drive the Central Plains together. In front of me, I don't see any match. How good is it for me? If I try to knock on this picture, I should answer my own voice."

Dong Qichang's evaluation is also very high: "Yang Longyou was born in Guizhu, the first time in the world. His paintings of taidang and so on have the strength of the Song Dynasty and the charm of the Yuan Dynasty. I'm surprised to think that it's a stop to go in and out between Juran and huichong."

The mountainous hometown has a great influence on Yang Wenxiang's character and creation. His good friend Xing Fang once said: "Yangzi produces Yelang, and the landscape is unique in the world. To the south of the mountain, the peaks insert into the sky, and one by one, he writes about mori. The painter only takes the fetal bones as the basis and discusses the schools in detail

In terms of painting, Yang Wenxiang advocated learning from nature, paying attention to the road and sketching from life, opposing blindly imitating the ancient, advocating multiple teachers and breaking the limitation of schools. His artistic thought, mature in the south of the Yangtze River, has been rooted in his hometown. He called himself "Shanzi", which means the son of Dashan. It can be seen that his hometown has a profound influence on him.