Yu Zhengxie

Yu Zhengxie

Yu Zhengxie (Xi è) (October 1, 1775 to May 13, 1840) was a scholar in Qing Dynasty. At the beginning of the word Li, he was born in Yi County, Huangshan City, Anhui Province. He was born on September 7, the 40th year of Qianlong reign of Emperor Gaozong of Qing Dynasty, and died on April 12, the 20th year of Daoguang reign of Emperor Xuanzong. He was 66 years old.

Personal resume

Yu Zhengxie, a poor family, has a good personality and never forgets reading. More than 20 years, he was responsible for his career and paid a visit to sun Xingyan. At that time, sun Xingyan was writing to the imperial court, asking for the establishment of a doctor for Fusheng, and for the descendants of Zuo. Yu Nai wrote "on the surnames of the descendants of Zuo Qiuming", "Zuo Shan Kao" and "Shen Za Nan Pian". Sun mostly adopted his articles, so his academic comments became his famous works. In the first year of Daoguang (1821 A.D.), there were many people. The more the year goes, the less will be tried. In the 12th year, Chen Yongguang's family in guanxincheng was studying Gu's Fangyu summary. He once set up a museum in Chen Yongguang's office, and worked in Zhangjing, Lin Zexu and others' shogunate. He assisted or participated in the compilation of Qing Huidian, Yi county annals, qinding Chunqiu Zuozhuan reader, etc., and assisted Chen Yongguang in collating the summary of history reading Fangyu. Later, he was invited to lecture on "Xiyin academy" in Nanjing. It was once said that the Qin and Han Dynasties were not far away from ancient times, and many of them were credible. In addition to the treatment of classics, his life has been explored in history, scholars, astronomy, geography, medical prescriptions, astrology, and interpretation of Taoism. The author thinks that the Western calendar is very precise, and people of the three dynasties of Qin and Han can't pre understand it. It is clear whether it is right or wrong to use the law of a certain time to weigh the image of a certain time, so it can not be entrusted to the people of the three dynasties of Qin and Han Dynasties. He is also good at talking about geography and square fields. He has a lot of insight and doesn't stick to worldly prejudice. In his book, jiehaoshuo, he thinks that the book of rites is "the same as it, the same for life". If so, a man should not remarry! In his "Zhen NV Shuo", it is said that the later women who refuse to be employed are called Zhen NV. Its meaning is really not safe, not with the quilt and with the acupoint, that is harmless, then why welcome? Why see you at the temple? Why call on the party members for food and drink? Why should there be a distinction between men and women? These are the faults of sages. His footprints are half the world. When he gets a book, he will read it and write it down. Every thing set up a topic, prepare a huge volume of ten, scale than line suitcase, accumulate years, evidence is comprehensive, break to have meaning, a text set up. Filial piety, known as "the teacher table.". Half a day's life is worth reading. In the 19th year, Qi Ganzao, the academic administrator of Jiangsu Province, hired the master of Xiyin bookstore, but he died before his age.

Life of the characters

If you live in poverty, you will never be vulgar

Yu Zhengxie was born in a scholarly family, but his family was poor since he was a child. His father Yu Xian, who had taught at Wenzheng Academy in Henan Province, taught at Jurong in Jiangsu Province, and taught at Lujiang in Anhui Province, was not well paid, but had many children. Unfortunately, he died in November 1801, when he was only 53 years old. As the eldest son, Yu Zhengxie has been responsible for raising his mother, wife and five younger brothers since he was 27 years old. From then on, he was busy for the livelihood of his family and lived a hard and uncertain life until he died in Nanjing at the age of 66.

As a matter of fact, when Yu Zhengxie's father was seriously ill, his family was already in dire straits, as evidenced by his poem "sleep up" written in June of the sixth year of Jiaqing: "when the rain comes and the autumn comes, it is poor and the hometown is disobeyed. Qimi Book frequency negative, in personnel this is not. What's the matter with young people's hunger "(P. 34). After his father died, he had no legacy except books, so he "still struggled in poverty" (154 pages), and sometimes even "could not read without the eclipse" (313 pages). Yu Zhengxie, 29, once said to himself:

One after another, debts are piling up, and this year and next year will come back. Upset, stuttering, speechless, go out a few feet deep mud. Difficult things depend on friends, poor and empty. When will you buy land and work hard? (7 pages)

This poem describes that he was in a difficult situation of living in debt at that time. Although he was supported by his friends, his life was still so poor that he had the idea of returning to his hometown and farming to support his family. There is also a record in the three records of Yi county that "my husband's family is poor, and his income is only enough to buy books, and the debt collectors are hesitating outside.". However, Yu Zhengxie's "relatively prosperous" years were probably the only one when Lin Zexu hired him to compile the general annals of the two lakes, and he was the lecturer of Jiangning Xiyin Academy. The Yu family was sixty-three years old when they compiled the two lake records, and they were in their twilight years when they were in Jiangning, and they did not enjoy a few years of happiness "(154 pages).

Yu Zhengxie claimed that "he has no stage name, and his habitat is also abominable" (30 pages). However, under the pressure of life, he had to carry his luggage and book bag around most of China to compile books and proofread books for others, and to teach disciples and lectures to earn money to support his family. It can be seen that his knowledge was made in extremely difficult circumstances. However, although his life was full of difficulties and difficulties, so that he had no fixed place to live and wrote for a living, he did not complain about this kind of poor life, and he was extremely calm to face it, which can be seen in many of his poems, such as "no choice but to close the house with poverty, no harm to happy and graffiti" (P. 33), "Jin Liang can ask new knowledge, no way to avoid poverty" (P. 5) "Sorrow comes from solitude, and hardship comes from poverty. The poem talks about sustenance, one by one future generations see "(4 pages). In addition, Yu Zhengxie was also very charitable, often helping the poor. According to historical records, he "did not have Chinese capital in his family, so he did his best to help his friends and Qi neighbors with the repair fee given by a famous minister. At that time, Wang yinsen was the magistrate of Fuxian county. He was a benevolent administrator and was deeply versed in Confucian classics. He was suitable to examine Yu Zhengxie's suspicions and find out what happened. He secretly ordered Ding to lead the seeker to the county to get the money. He still talked about it in front of the lights, and the scholars passed it on as a beautiful talk "(P. 203).

Yu Zhengxie wrote books and made few friends (219 pages) all his life. He was diligent in writing and made great achievements. However, because he was a scholar, many manuscripts could not be published by himself. Only when he was 59 years old, he was carved by Wang zaoshang, his real estate teacher, Kong Jixun, Qiu Jingxiang, Wu Linguang, and Chuijin. "Fifteen volumes of his correctors are the main collection, and the rest are the external collection, so as to be continued. It is entitled "Guisi Lei draft", which was compiled in Guisi ye (229 pages). The other Volume 15 of guisicun manuscript is "after the completion of Lei manuscript, there was a little surplus in the book, but he was looking for money to write the unedited manuscript" (230 pages). It was engraved by his friend Zhang Mu seven years after Yu Zhengxie's death. These two books can be said to be Yu Zhengxie's works of life.

Although Yu Zhengxie was poor all his life and had to work as a servant to earn a living, he was honest and upright, and did not follow the common customs. He could be described as "a person with fat in his place, a person with a smooth body, and a person who has no voice and spirit in his life" (P. 214). Xu Han, his good friend, once lamented that "you have the demeanor of Jin people, but not the title of the book, it's also a miracle" (114 pages)! Cheng Shoushi, a student of his, also said that he was "a man of high temperament and a man of ancient roads, so he often fell into disunity" (P. 218). It is also said that Yang Fangshan, the Marquis of Guoyong, is good at Fengjiao renzhan and has a good relationship with Mr. Yu Lichu. Before Daoguang Guisi's examination, he sent a couplet as a gift: "on a sunny day, the rain hat is hanging, and the smoke bottle is hanging on the wall." It seems that it will not be sold "(P. 217-218). There is a saying in Dai Xi's xikuzhai notes:

Mr. Li Chu, a native of Yixian County, was sixty years old. All he talked about were game words. When he met the Tao, he was not suitable to walk. He could do anything in the southeast and northwest. To other people, talk a few words, often sleep in the guest. When you ask about the past and the present, if you don't know the truth, or if you drink at night, you will find that there is no word left in the original, and you will be the best to know the erudite. (216 pages)

This passage depicts an independent, witty and lovely old man in Huajia. Zhou Zuoren agreed

In the fourteenth edition of the book, there are six bad books, such as cool Confucianism, stupid Confucianism, metaphysics, exaggeration, broadmindedness, and Confucianism. It is very interesting to criticize the absurdities of the ancients. At the end of Ku Ru Ya Shu, he said: "the so-called" Du Mo Zhi Hao "in Zhi Lin of this Dongpo is a scholar in the east of Beijing who studies drinking illicit wine and eating miasma to death in cattle, and who gets drunk and full." At the end of Yu Ru Wu Shu, it is said: "the author of the book sucks ink, shakes his head and turns his eyes. The appearance of being stupid and despicable can be seen on the paper." After reading these words, I feel that it is true that "all the people who talk about are game words" in the notes of xikuzhai. (4 pages)

As Yu Zhengxie's student Huang Dehua put it in his old poems: "He Yong and Guo Tai are the forefathers, who are willing to follow and who are not. When it comes to its own time, it's green and white eyed. It's true that it's indifferent and unhelpful. " (215 pages) Yu Zhengxie's aloofness and straightness is also reflected in some of his poems. For example, in my work, it says:

If you have enough to eat, you will be a man of honor. It's not the Yiqi Festival, but the small leisure. Arrogance offends, but it is also shameful. How can Qi Qi grow up? It's slander. Peach and plum people plant, pine and cypress people climb. We should attach importance to the deep and good, and abandon righteousness and energy. Never a hundred Zhangmu, not long between corn. (28 pages)

Another example is Liu Yi, which says: "if you flatter the tomb for longevity, Liu Sheng's career is also hesitant. Each husband has his own difficulty in taming him, so he is a wild man. " (30 pages) this poem not only praises Liu Yi's fearless "savagery", but also satirizes Han Yu's "flattering tomb", which does not distinguish right from wrong. This also reflects Yu Zhengxie's upright and unyielding scholar style.

Taking a comprehensive view of Yu Zhengxie's life and deeds, as Zhang Mu commented: "Gu was poor in his family and knew that he had few scholars. He had been on the road for 40 years. He was not rich enough to support his wife. He was over 60 years old and could not live in peace in a day. Therefore, he enjoyed reading and writing books." (230 pages)

Study hard, but not advance in office

Yu Zhengxie has been diligent and studious all his life since he was young. Cheng Enze, a good friend in Tongyi, said that he was "extremely talented and good at reading. He has been able to read for 40 to 50 years." （227