Ma Chaojun
Ma Chaojun (1885-september 19, 1977), born in Taishan, Guangdong Province, graduated from Meiji University in Japan. He joined the alliance in his early years. Later, he took refuge with Chiang Kai Shek and organized the sun wenism society. Participated in the International Labor Conference. He has successively served as member and Minister of workers of the Executive Committee of Guangzhou special municipal Kuomintang party department, director of Labor Department of the national government, director and director of Construction Department of Guangdong Department of agriculture and industry, mayor of Nanjing, member of Organization Committee of Guangdong provincial Party department, director and Minister of publicity of Guangzhou municipal Party department, Minister of democratic movement, director of Public Training Department of central training department, special commissioner of North China party affairs, director of central training department, and deputy director of central social department Minister, Vice Minister of Organization Department, Minister of agriculture and Industry Department, executive member of the Sixth Central Committee of the Kuomintang and representative of the first National Congress.
Life of the characters
During his stay in the United States, Ma Chaojun met Dr. Sun Yat sen in San Francisco to publicize the revolution. He was introduced to the court by Huang Sande. He met Dr. Sun Yat Sen and joined the alliance to devote himself to the revolution. In 1905, Ma Chaojun left the United States for Japan to study in Meiji University. Later, he returned to China at the command of Sun Yat Sen to instigate the revolution and join Hanyang Arsenal. Later, he turned to Shanghai manufacturing Bureau as a mechanic to publicize the revolutionary truth and organize workers to participate in the revolution. The workers in Guangdong, Han and other places were deeply influenced by it. They organized trade unions one after another to respond to the revolution and made great contributions. In December 1907, Ma Chaojun took part in the battle of zhennanguan. After his failure, he set up the "Zhongxing company" to cover the revolutionaries and contact secret activities. In October 1911, during the Wuchang Uprising, he led more than 100 sailors and organized a Guangdong Overseas Chinese Death Squadron to fight in Dazhimen of Hankou from Shanghai. Then he stuck to the Hanyang Arsenal and fought with Feng Guozhang of the Qing army for 8 days and 8 nights. He finally led the remnant to withdraw to Wuchang. On October 10, 1911, the revolutionaries in the new army of Hubei launched the Wuchang Uprising and captured the governor's office. Rui, governor of Huguang, and the eighth town of the new army controlled Zhang Biao and fled in confusion. Nearly 100 overseas Chinese from Guangdong, led by Ma Chaojun, went to Wuhan to guard the Hanyang Arsenal and fight back against the Qing army under the command of Huang Xing, showing "revolutionary enthusiasm" and "sacrifice courage". It was not until November 20 that Feng Guozhang's troops of the Northern Warlords stormed Hanyang that the Guangdong Overseas Chinese death squads were ordered to leave. In 1927, the national government moved its capital to Nanjing. In view of the importance of labor legislation, a labor law drafting committee was established, which was later incorporated into the labor bureau established in September. Mr. Ma Chaojun served as the director and chairman of the Labor Law Drafting Committee, responsible for the legislation of labor law. In February 1928, Ma Chaojun transferred to Guangdong Department of agriculture and industry and set up a Labor Law Drafting Committee in the Department. It took 11 months to draft the draft labor code, including seven chapters, 21 chapters and 863 articles, including labor contract law, labor agreement law, labor organization law, labor procedure law, labor relief law and labor insurance law. After the completion of the draft code, it was transmitted to the Central Committee of the people's Republic of China and submitted to the newly established Legislative Yuan for deliberation. The Legislative Yuan decided to keep the draft for reference, but failed to implement it. However, most of the contents of the labor legislation developed by the Legislative Yuan are based on this, which can be regarded as the earliest complete version of the labor law in China. In the spring of 1931, the 126th executive meeting of the central executive committee of the Chinese Kuomintang decided that "Jinan University should establish a new board of directors", and Ma Chaojun was one of the members of the Executive Board of directors. On December 12, 1937, the plaster flag of the Japanese invaders was planted in a corner of the southwest wall of Nanjing. The southern gates were broken in the early morning of the 12th. Earlier, Ma Chaojun, mayor of Nanjing, ordered all citizens on December 1 to move to the "Nanjing international security zone" set up in Guanting street in the city center with bedding and tableware. The Nanjing safe area is a refuge run by 15 third country people (7 Americans, 4 Britons, 3 Germans and 1 Dane). There are also Jinling University, large hospitals and high courts in the United States. As Japanese consulates and other government buildings stand here, Mayor Ma ordered people to move into the area. On the night of January 15, 1946, general he Yingqin held a meeting at the army headquarters on Huangpu Road, which was attended by Ma Chaojun, then mayor of Nanjing, Ma suiliu, engineer commander of the army headquarters, and Zhang Zhen, Nanjing military police headquarters. Burn the tomb of traitor Wang Jingwei to keep the sacred and solemn of Nanjing Zhongshan Mausoleum. When he went to Taiwan in 1949, he was employed as a "national policy adviser" in the office of the leader of the Taiwan authorities and a member of the Central Committee of the Kuomintang. In 1956, Ma Chaojun and Lu Jingshi initiated a meeting of sincere relatives in Hongmen. *** The Qinghong gang had to work secretly to become a triad organization in Taiwan. In 1960, he served as chairman of the Central Discipline Committee of the Kuomintang. In 1969, he resigned and transferred to "senior minister" in the office of the leader of the Taiwan authorities. He once served as the chairman of the Compilation Committee of the history of Chinese labor movement. He suffered from cerebrovascular embolism on August 4, 1969 and was hospitalized for a long time. On September 19, 1977, he died in Taiwan Veterans General Hospital. At the age of 92, he was buried in Jinshan Fugui cemetery in the suburb of Taipei.
personal works
His works include the history of Chinese labor movement, comparative labor policy, labor policy of three people's principles, etc.
Achievement and honor
At the beginning of the Republic of China, Ma Chaojun was appointed as a member of Parliament. Li Yuanhong appointed his mining supervisor of Hanye to win over him. Ma Chaojun knew his intention and refused. After that, Yuan Shikai's plot to claim the title of emperor came to light. He returned to Hankou and joined the "iron blood group". He was arrested and jailed for eight months. Sun Yat Sen entrusted Wu Tingfang and Wen Zongyao to carry out activities. Ma Chaojun was finally released. In 1914, Ma Chaojun was ordered to set up a seagull knitting factory in Guangzhou to secretly carry out the anti yuan movement and organize an "assassination team". After the failure of the "second revolution", Ma Chaojun fled to Japan, and Sun Yat Sen sent him to study flying in the aviation school of the Chinese revolutionary party in Bayi city of Qinse lake, which lasted for two years. In 1916, Ma Chaojun returned to China with the aviation led by Ju Zheng, commander in chief of the northeast of the Chinese revolutionary army, to take part in the fight against yuan. In April of 1916, he led a fleet to bomb the Shandong visiting government office in Jinan. On June 6, Yuan Shikai died in the indignation of the people all over the country. After the anti yuan movement ended, Ma Chaojun went to Beiping to raise funds for the establishment of a civil aviation school. In June 1917, Sun Yat Sen summoned Ma Chaojun to go south to participate in the "Law Protection Movement" and left the aviation industry. In 1917, Ma Chaojun was ordered to draw up the "plan for carrying out the national labor movement". At the end of the year, the "National Federation of machine workers" was established in Guangzhou. In 1920, Sun Ke was the mayor of Guangzhou, and Ma Chaojun was the special assistant of Guangzhou municipal government, succeeding as a member of Guangzhou municipal government. After returning to China in 1927, he served as director of the Labor Department of the national government and chairman of the labor legislation Drafting Committee. In 1928, he served as a member of the Guangdong provincial Party Department of the Kuomintang, executive chairman and propaganda minister of the Guangzhou special city party department, member of the Guangdong provincial government, director of the Department of agriculture and industry, director of the Department of construction, etc. In 1929, he was an executive member of the Guangzhou municipal Party headquarters and an alternate executive member of the third Central Committee of the Kuomintang. In the same year, he attended the Geneva International Labor Conference and served as a labor representative. On May 1, 1931, Ma Chaojun was appointed labor inspector of European and American countries and mayor of Nanjing in November. He served as a member of the national government in 1935 and returned to the post of mayor of Nanjing in 1937. In 1938, he served as vice president of the Chinese wartime children's Relief Association, vice president of the national consolation Association, and vice minister of the Central Social Department of the Kuomintang. He was appointed Vice Minister of the Organization Department of the Kuomintang in 1940. In 1945, after the victory of the Anti Japanese War, Ma Chaojun became mayor of Nanjing for the third time. In December 1946, he was transferred to be the Minister of agriculture and industry of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. He led the provincial and Municipal Federation of trade unions, and the national iron, industry, postal, salt and mining industries to resume the establishment of trade unions, and comprehensively established the National Federation of trade unions.
Related events
Ma Chaojun once participated in instigating the labor movement. In the history of China's labor movement, he participated in and instigated the following: the strike of Guangzhou machine workers in 1919, the strike of Hong Kong machine workers in 1920 and the strike of Hong Kong Seamen in 1922, all of which won great victories. After Chen Jiongming's mutiny, Ma Chaojun organized a strike. Chen Jiongming ordered a reward of 100000 yuan to arrest Ma Chaojun. Ma Chaojun then left Guangdong and was ordered to organize a guerrilla group to discuss Chen. In January 1923, he led the army to take part in the battle of recovering Guangzhou. In April, he served as the deputy director of Shijing military factory in Guangdong. Later, he was promoted to the director because of his meritorious service in protecting the factory. He served as a military secretary in the Huangpu Military Academy. In 1926, Ma Chaojun sent north and South America to investigate the labor movement, and contacted overseas Chinese to absorb and participate in revolutionary work. He returned to China in 1927.
Chinese PinYin : Ma Chao Jun4
Ma Chaojun