Gongsun Du

Gongsun Du

Gongsun Du? He was born in Xiangping (now Liaoyang), Eastern Liaoning Province, and was the prefect of Eastern Liaoning Province at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Shao moved to xuantu county with his father. At the beginning, he was a minor official of xuantu. In the second year of Jianning (169), he was promoted to shangshulang and Jizhou Cishi, and then was removed from office. In the first year of Chuping (190), recommended by his fellow countryman Xu Rong, Dong Zhuo appointed him as the governor of Liaodong. After Gongsun Du took office, he carried out severe punishment and laws, attacked the powerful forces, and made the administration more powerful. Soon Dong Zhuo was in chaos in the Central Plains, and warlords everywhere had no time to look East. Gongsundu took the opportunity to become the Marquis of Liaodong and the herdsman of Pingzhou. After that, he attacked Koguryo in the East, Wuhuan in the west, Liaodong Peninsula in the south, Donglai counties in the north of Jiaodong Peninsula in the sea, opening up territory and expanding territory. He also recruited talents, set up schools, and recruited refugees abroad, which made him a king of Liaodong. He died of illness in the ninth year of Jian'an (204), and his son Sun Kang succeeded him.

Due to gongsundu's enterprising and painstaking efforts, Liaodong gained temporary peace in the war years of the late Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms, and promoted the development of local production technology and feudal culture.

Life of the characters

Xuantu assistant official

Gongsundu was a native of Xiangping in Eastern Liaoning Province. His father gongsunyan fled to xuantu county because he escaped the pursuit of the county officials. Gongsundu later became an official of xuantu county. At that time, Gongsun Bao, the son of Gongsun Yu, the prefect of xuantu, died at the age of 18. When Gongsun Du was young, he was also called Gongsun Bao, and he was the same age as Gongsun Yu's son. As soon as Gongsun Yu saw him, he loved him very much, sent him to study and married him. In the second year of Jianning (169), the imperial court issued an imperial edict to recommend a person of virtue. Gongsun Du, together with Xie Bi and Chen Dun of Donghai, was recommended as shangshulang (later as a doctor in the Han Dynasty). Later, he was promoted to be the governor of Jizhou, but because of rumors, he was immediately dismissed. In the first year of Chuping (190), because his fellow countryman Xu Rong was the Zhonglang general under Dong Zhuo, he recommended Gongsun du to be the governor of Liaodong.

Li Wei

Because Gongsun Du made his fortune from a small official in xuantu County, people in Liaodong County looked down upon him. Before that, Gongsun Zhao of Liaodong was the county magistrate guarding Xiangping. He appointed Gongsun Kang, the son of Gongsun Du, as the commander of the army. As soon as Gongsun Du took office, he arrested Gongsun Zhao and beat him to death in Xiangping city. The powerful families in the county, such as Tian Shao, were killed by him because he didn't favor Gongsun Du in his daily life. There were more than 100 powerful families killed by him, and all the people in the county were terrified. This is a show of power.

Dominating Haidong

On the other hand, he conquered the foreigners. Fuyu King Wei choutai took the initiative to become a subordinate of Liaodong. Gongsundu married choutai, the daughter of his clan (recorded as gongsundu's daughter in Sui Dynasty), because Fuyu was between the powerful Koguryo and Xianbei at that time.

According to the records of Houhanshu, Koguryo was "fierce, energetic, good at fighting, and good at attacking money". Gongsundu once served as assistant official of xuantu County, and was familiar with the reality of Koguryo. After gongsundu obtained Liaodong County, he attacked Koguryo in the East. After serving, Koguryo obeyed Liaodong's dispatch.

During gongsundu's expansion of Haidong, Wang Bogu of Koguryo was afraid of gongsundu's prestige. When gongsundu attacked the rich mountain bandits, he also sent Dajia (Dajia was the official name of Koguryo) Youju and zhuburan to help.

After that, Gongsun Du went to Gaogouli in the East and wuwan in the west, which made him famous overseas. At that time, the Central Plains was in chaos, and most people in the Central Plains avoided Liaodong, including Guan Ning, Bing yuan, Wang lie, Tai Shici and other well-known figures.

Independent Marquis

Gongsun Duwei traveled abroad, and most of the people in the Central Plains avoided chaos. Guanning, Bingyuan, and Wang lie all went to Liaodong to rely on him. Under his rule, "Liaodong is not weak, the masses are not violent, and the merchants are not cheap."

In 190 A.D. (the first year of Chuping), gongsundu learned that the Central Plains was in turmoil, so he said to his trusted subordinates Liu Yi and Yang Yi, "the Han Royal family is going to be destroyed. It's time for me to discuss with you to plan for the throne." At that time, a big stone, more than ten feet long, was grown in the place where the gods were worshipped in Yanli of Xiangping county. There were three small stones below it to make its feet. Someone said to Gongsun Du, "the shape of this stone is similar to the crown stone of Emperor Xuan of Han Dynasty. Yanli, where it is located, has the same name as your father. She is the place where the God of land is worshipped, which shows that you should own the land of the world, with the assistance of Sangong. " Gongsundu is even happier. Li Min, the former governor of Hanoi, is well-known in the county. Gongsundu wants to forcibly recruit him. However, he doesn't like what gongsundu does and is afraid that gongsundu will harm himself. So he leads his family to move to an island. Gongsundu was very angry when he learned that. He dug up the grave of Li Min's father, opened the coffin, burned the body, and killed the Li clan.

Gongsun Du divided Liaodong County into Liaoxi county and Zhongliao County, and set up the post of Taishou. He crossed the sea to collect Donglai counties and set up the governor of Yingzhou. He made himself the Marquis of Liaodong and the herdsman of Pingzhou, and pursued his father Gongsun Yan as the Marquis of Jianyi. He built temples for the two ancestors of the Han Dynasty. According to the ancient system, he set up altars in the south of Xiangping city. He offered sacrifices to heaven and earth in the suburbs, cultivated land personally, and governed the army. When he went out, he sat in a luanjia where the emperor could only sit. Nine jade strings hung from his hat, and the cavalry wearing a hat was the army. Cao Cao called Gongsun du to be the general of Wuwei and granted him the Marquis of Yongning. Gongsun Du said, "I am king in Liaodong. What do you want Yongning to do?" Hide the seal ribbon in the armory.

He died at the end of his life

In 204 A.D. (the ninth year of Jian'an), Gongsun Du died. His son Gongsun Kang succeeded him and granted Yongning marquis to his younger brother Gongsun Gong.

Anecdotes and allusions

At the end of the Han Dynasty, the world was in great chaos. Guan Ning, a famous scholar, heard that Gongsun Du, the governor of Liaodong, was carrying out government decrees overseas. He went to Liaodong with Bing yuan and Wang lie, a native of the plain. Gongsundu vacated the library to wait for them. Guan Ning paid a visit to Gongsun Du and only talked about Confucian classics without talking about the world. After that, Guan Ning immediately lived in the valley.

Bing yuan, a famous scholar, stayed away from Liaodong, and was brave and ambitious with Liu Zheng in the same county. Gongsun Du was afraid of Liu Zheng, so he took Liu Zheng's family and Liu Zheng fled. Gongsun Du issued a notice to the counties, saying: "those who dare to hide Liu Zheng are guilty of the same crime as Liu Zheng." Liu Zheng had no choice but to take refuge in Bing yuan. Bing yuan hid Liu Zheng for more than a month. At that time, Tai Shici, a native of Donglai, was ready to go home. Bing yuan entrusted Liu Zheng to him. Then he went to gongsundu and said, "the general wanted to kill Liu Zheng because he was afraid that he would become your disaster. Now Liu Zheng has run away, and your disaster does not exist?" "You are right," Sun said Bingyuan added: "you are afraid of Liu Zheng because he has resourcefulness. Now that Liu Zheng has been removed from his post, his wisdom is useless. Why do you arrest him again? Why don't you forgive him so as to calm down the anger. " Gongsundu listened to his advice, and Bingyuan paid to send Liu Zheng back to his hometown. Bingyuan himself was also treated well by Gongsun Du, but in the peace of the Central Plains, when Bingyuan wanted to return to the Central Plains, he was also forbidden by Gongsun Du.

Wang lie, a famous scholar, avoided the chaos in Liaodong. Gongsun Du treated him as a brother and asked him for political advice. Later, he even wanted him to be the commander of history, but Wang Lie refused to be appointed because he was a businessman.

Character evaluation

Chen Shou: he was cruel but not chaste. Yuan still carried out his business to carry out evil, and his family was overpowered.

Chen Shou: County in the fan table, close you uninhibited, in the past three states, transfer fee adjustment, for reward, years old with accumulated billion, wasted China. But still domineering, Qian Liu border, beacon fire each other, Yuxi catch each other, the city gate closed in the day, no pedestrians on the road, state and County War, ran scattered and destroyed. Grandfather yuan came to the county at the beginning of his life. He inherited the desolation, opened the sun and the moon, built the strategy of magic and martial arts, gathered the people of Wuhe, and swept the ground for his career. He was famous for his popularity and virtue. Liao soil is not bad, solid degree is to rely on. Confucius said: "micro tube Zhong, I was left Ren." If the government did not accept this, the county would have been the ruins of Qiu, and the people would have been in Lu's court. I love you forever.

Historical records

Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms Volume 8 Wei Shu 8 biography of the second Gongsun Tao

member of family

father

Gongsun Yan and Gongsun Du moved to xuantu together.

children

Gongsunkang, gongsundu after his death, inherited the position of Liaodong prefect and gave the heads of Yuan Xi and Yuan Shang to Cao Cao. They also defeated the Koguryo army and captured the capital of Koguryo.

Gongsun Gong, the younger brother of Gongsun Kang. After Gongsun Kang died, he inherited the position of Liaodong prefect because his two sons were still young. After a serious illness, he became a eunuch and was forced to abdicate by Gongsun yuan.

Gongsun family, the daughter of Gongsun, is the wife of Qiu Tai, the husband's wife.

grandson

Gongsun Huang, the son of Gongsun Kang. Because he was an official in Luoyang under the system of being a son, gongsunyuan was ordered to be executed after he was killed in the rebellion.

Gongsun yuan, the younger brother of Gongsun Huang. He was defeated and killed by Sima Yi.

Chinese PinYin : Gong Sun Du