He Jinsheng

He Jinsheng

He Jinsheng (1853-1902), a native of Shaodong, Hunan Province, was born into a small landlord family. He studied in Zidong academy, Shaoyang academy and Xixi Academy. He was a scholar at the age of 27. Later, he failed in the local examination. He went to Changsha in 1882 and studied in Yuelu Academy.

Profile

Last name: he Jinsheng

Sex: Male

Nationality: Han nationality

Shaoyang, Hunan

Date of birth: February 1853

Date of sacrifice: September 1902

Overview of characters

He Jinsheng (1853.2-1902.9), originally named Shangyi, was born on the sixth day of the first month of the third year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (February 13, 1853). He read Confucian classics such as the Analects of Confucius and Mencius. He is good at studying the art of war by Sun Tzu and Jixiao new book by Qi Jiguang. He wants to imitate the predecessors and save the world.

Guangxu seven years (1881) spring examination scholar. In the 16th year of Guangxu (1890), he participated in clearing up the accounts of Shao Yangbin's Xinghui, resolutely exposing the county magistrate's corruption and perversion of the law, enjoying a good reputation in the countryside. In 1894, Mao longzhuo, the county magistrate, appointed he as the head of the township Youth League and participated in the training of the County Youth League. During his term of office, he strictly prohibited smoking and gambling, stored grain for famine, protected the forest, taught the bandits and Youyong with reason, urged them to change their evil ways and return to the right, and severely punished the first evildoers and diehards. In the 26th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu (1900), the Allied forces of the eight countries captured Beijing, and foreign missionaries were also rampant in Hunan. A large-scale Hengzhou religious case against imperialism and its missionaries broke out among the people in Hengzhou. Yu liansan, governor of Hunan, ignored the voice of the people, but suppressed the people and worshiped foreign countries. The people of Baoqing were indignant and went to Hengzhou to support the anti foreign struggle. Filled with indignation, he publicized everywhere and publicly supported. Fearing that he Jinsheng would "shake people's hearts", Yu liansan wanted to "temporarily detain him to avoid his death". In the middle of August, he appointed him as the right Camp Management belt of the patrol camp, and ordered him to recruit soldiers to be stationed in jinpenling, the provincial capital, and perform under the command of governor Zhang Qingyun. He took Yu as his confidant and took office for two months. He wrote to Yu liansan four times, proposing "resisting the peace negotiation", "saving the capital", "rushing in", "saving Sangzi" and "painting the land and supporting the army". He requested to retain Hunan's annual share of the reparations for the Sino Japanese War of 1894 and the di Ding Li Jin handed over to the imperial court for military pay.

In the spring of 1901, he Jinsheng went back to his hometown to deal with the disaster relief work. He appropriated 20000 tons of grain from the province and raised money from the local rich households. The gentry and landlords boycotted, and the general he arrested and treated the victims. The donation went on smoothly. He had to donate more than 100000 liang of silver to the victims, and all the money was distributed to them. He also organized doctors (traditional Chinese Medicine) to visit the villages to treat the victims. Tens of thousands of people survived. People call "he Qingtian". In September, he left Shao and returned to camp. At that time, the Treaty of humiliation and disgrace had been signed. After the Qing government calmed down the Hengzhou religious case, the foreign missionaries became more and more unscrupulous. They set up churches everywhere, netted hooligans and local ruffians, and trampled on the Chinese people. Seeing this, he wrote to Yu liansan again, proposing that no more churches should be set up, and that all religious plans should be judged by reason, and that they should not be reversed, so as not to cause injustice to the people. He also demanded that the foreign priests be transferred to "each with his own security, without any provocation". Yu still ignored. The number of churches is increasing. Soon, the British military officer came to Hunan for a military parade. All the armies welcome you. He then declared: "if you come to our camp, you will stab it!" so the British military officer did not dare to come. Yu was deeply afraid that he's words and deeds would eventually lead to an incident and hurt himself. In February of the 28th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu (1902), he was appointed as the commander of the battalion. He was relieved of the management of the battalion and went to celebrate the military power. On the seventh day of may (June 13th), he returned home on the pretext of visiting relatives. At that time, Li YUANTUO, an evil gentry in the territory, fought against the foreign missionaries for their immorality and power, and he wanted to punish them severely. Li ran away in panic and he was arrested. Under the protection of the Qing government, the German priest Kang man built a new church in Shaoyang. He wantonly committed crimes and was determined to punish them. Kangman fled to the provincial capital overnight. When Hengzhou foreign priest committed an evil deed, he sent Zhu Er to Shaoyang to inquire about the truth and falsehood, and was captured by he. He led the crowd to escort Zhu to Shaoyang 56 capital. On the 10th of August (September 10th), he held a villagers' meeting in yutianqiao, based on the former regiment's old headquarters. He listed the crimes of foreign priests, local ruffians and vagrants against the society, denounced the foreigners' plot to divide China, and burned Zhu erhuo in the spirit palace to please the people. On August 13 (September 13), he wrote to Yu liansan again to discuss the situation at that time. He pointed out: "Hunan people are fierce", "Heroes hold their fists and claws", "if they don't take the picture in time, they are afraid that the heroes in Hunan Province or do it by themselves, where will they buy adults?" he proposed a plan to recruit 30000 soldiers and asked for the payment of equipment to support them. On the next day, it published the text of admonishing foreign missionaries to list the crimes of foreign missionaries trampling on the Chinese people, and published the book of Najiao criminals. Send people to post in Shaoyang, Hengzhou, Chenzhou, Guilin and other places. Yu liansan was quite shocked. When he went to the city to recruit soldiers, he made a trap deployment. On August 16 (September 17), he, Su Daosheng, Zhao Xuegui and others entered Baoqing city to recruit soldiers. On the 19th (September 20), he learned from his friend Dan Xiangliang that Yu liansan had secretly ordered the county government to set up a network everywhere and decided to get rid of himself. That is to say, he called on the backbone to discuss secretly, and told them to immediately demobilize the recruiters and evacuate Baoqing City. He was arrested and jailed the next day. On August 25 (September 26), he knew that he would die. It was night. He waved four books, one to Yu, one to his mother, one to relatives and friends, and one to his family. He wrote his own elegiac couplet: "seeing death as early as returning home, he said that if he saw the cauldron and cooked it, it would make people cold and courageous; if he was safe and cherished, it would only make me sad when the world was in trouble." The next day, the province was liberated. For fear of a drastic change in the situation, Yu ordered the interpreter to be executed on the spot.

On September 28, 1902, he was killed in qingshuping, Shuangfeng County. Later generations built ancestral temples to worship statues.

Life of the characters

He returned to his hometown the next year. Since then, he has been living as a local gentry for more than ten years. In 1892, he was appointed by Mao Longzhang, the county magistrate, as the general secretary of Dongxiang League and the director of Sanfu Bureau. In 1897, when there was a severe drought in Shaoyang, he called a meeting of landlords and gentry and forced them to donate grain for disaster relief. In 1900, when the Allied forces of the eight powers invaded Hunan, the Catholic missionaries were also rampant. He was very angry about this and publicized anti imperialist propaganda everywhere. Yu liansan, the governor, was afraid that he would "shake people's hearts" in the township, so he appointed him as the right Camp Management belt of the patrol camp, and ordered him to recruit courage to go to the provincial capital. After taking office, he wrote several times, proposing to refuse peace talks, save the capital, go to Xingzai and protect Sangzi. In March 1901, he was appointed as the relief committee member and went back to Shaoyang to handle the relief work. At the end of the service, he was ordered to return to the provincial capital. At this time, the Hengzhou case was humiliated. Soon after, the Qing government signed the Treaty of humiliation and disgrace. He wrote to Yu liansan again, demanding that he level the teaching plan and dominate Hunan. After receiving the letter, Yu transferred him to the battalion Affairs Office in March 1902 and divided the right wing battalion he led into the three anti smuggling banners, which in fact relieved his military power. In June, he angrily asked for leave to return to Shaoyang, recruited soldiers, punished the imperialists and their running dogs, and published the article "the Exorcist persuades the foreign missionaries.". At the same time, he began to plan the uprising, named the team "Dahan extermination army", and was promoted as the Grand Marshal, with five armies under him. He planned to develop to the neighboring provinces after the uprising. However, at this time, Yu liansan ordered him to be punished. On September 21, Pan Qing, the magistrate of Baoqing, and Chen Yulin, the magistrate of Shaoyang, lured him to the academy and captured him. On the 28th, he was killed in qingshuping (now Shuangfeng County), Xiangxiang county.

In his memoirs, Jiang Tingmin, a historian and diplomat in the period of the Republic of China, recalled a great event that happened in his hometown Shaoyang when he was a child. In 1900, the northern "Boxer bandits" were in trouble. In the countryside of Shaoyang, "a bachelor surnamed he set up a death squadron to save the country. He wanted to go down the river and kill foreigners. The death squads arrived at qingshuping on Daguan Road, only eight miles away from my home. They met officers and soldiers, and the two sides fought. The Death Squadron escaped without death. The leader of the family name he was killed. The officers and soldiers put his head in a wooden box and transported it from qingshuping to Shaoyang along the Xiaoguan road. Just passing by our house, my father provided them with tea and asked them to allow us to see he's head. The officers and soldiers agreed. I still remember, I took my father's hand and went to the big box to see the dead man. I remember very clearly that my elders and I both regarded that he as a great hero at that time. He happens to be an uncle of my fiancee, miss he. " (Autobiography of Jiang Tingmin, Yuelu publishing house, P13)

He Jinsheng, a scholar who failed in the local examination, has the same life experience as Hong Xiuquan and Huang Chao. When he was 16 years old, he made some mistakes when he went back to America. In 1902, when the Treaty of xinchou was signed, the two palaces returned to Beijing from Xi'an, and the Qing Dynasty avoided being divided up by the great powers. As early as when "Yihe Quan" was struggling in the north, Zhang Zhidong, the governor of Huguang, Liu Kunyi, the governor of Liangjiang and Li Hongzhang, the governor of Liangguang, saw that the imperial court used "boxers" to fight against foreigners. These feudal officials, who knew the general situation of the world, united to refuse to declare war on the powers, but privately negotiated with the powers not to invade each other, which was called "southeast mutual protection", Half of southern China, including Hunan, was saved from the disaster of war. In 1902, the situation had calmed down, and he Jinsheng's action was bound to fail, which only added a strong tragic color.

According to local history records, he Jinsheng was born in 1853. His original name was Shangyi, and his name was Zhonghuai. He was named Zhifang, and his other name was Yicheng

Chinese PinYin : He Jin Sheng