Xun Shuang

Xun Shuang

Xun Shuang (128-190) was a famous poet with the name of CI Ming. Yingchuan Yingyin (now Xuchang City, Henan Province) people. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, he was the sixth son of Xun Shu.

Xun Shuang was born in the Xunzi family of Yingchuan, and his eight brothers are all famous for their talents, known as the "eight dragons of Xunzi family". Xun Shuang ranked sixth, and he was also commented as "Xun's eight dragons are unparalleled in benevolence". He was intelligent and eager to learn since childhood. He devoted himself to classics and worked hard. When Emperor Huan of Han Dynasty was in power, he was regarded as the most filial by Zhao Dian of Taichang. He paid homage to the doctor and gave up his official position. In order to avoid the second party imprisonment, he lived in seclusion in Hanbin for more than ten years. He wrote Li, Yi Zhuan, Shi Zhuan and so on, which were called "Shuo ru".

After the outbreak of Huangjin uprising, the ban on the party was lifted, and Xun Shuang was recommended one after another, but he did not respond. When Dong Zhuo was in power, he forced Xun Shuang to be an official. Within ninety-three days, he rose to the rank of Sikong and Taisi. Seeing Dong Zhuo's cruelty, Xun Shuang secretly conspired with situ Wangyun to get rid of Dong Zhuo. However, before the incident, Xun Shuang died of illness in the first year of Chuping (190), at the age of 63.

Xun Shuang was a well-known master of classical studies in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He respected Confucianism and attached importance to etiquette. He tried his best to maintain the hierarchical relationship between monarch and his subjects and between father and son. He also absorbed some thoughts of the Yin Yang school, paid attention to the mutual generation and restraint of the five elements, and applied his thoughts to the development and changes of various dynasties. According to the records of Houhanshu, there are more than one hundred of his works, which are incomplete up to now. His thoughts on the book of changes are mainly found in the notes on the book of changes compiled by Li Dingzuo.

Life of the characters

It has a name

Xun Shuang was born in the Xunzi family of Yingchuan in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He was the 12th grandson of Xunqing, a thinker in the Warring States period, and the sixth son of Xunshu, a famous scholar in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The eight xunshuang brothers were all famous for their talent, and they were called "Xunshi's eight dragons" at that time. Xun Shuang was studious when he was a child. At the age of 12, he understood the spring and Autumn Annals and the Analects of Confucius. Du Qiao, a famous minister at that time, praised him and said, "I can be a teacher." Xun Shuang began to ponder over the Scriptures. He did not attend the celebrations and funerals in the countryside, and he should not be ordered by the imperial court. At that time, there was a saying in Yingchuan county that "Xun's eight dragons are unparalleled in CI Ming (Xun Shuang character)".

Reclusive writings

In the ninth year of Yanxi (166), Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty, Taichang Zhao Dian recommended xunshuang as the most filial and appointed a doctor. He wrote a letter asking for filial piety, mourning for three years, upholding the principle of male superiority and female inferiority, paying attention to the etiquette system, "saving money and using it, enriching the government and collecting it", "giving lenient service to Fu, and pacifying the people". After the memorial was sent, Xun Shuang abandoned his official position and left. Later, he encountered the disaster of the second Danggu, so Xun Shuang lived in seclusion on the sea, and then fled south to Hanbin. During more than ten years, he devoted himself to writing books and was known as a "great scholar".

You should not give up your life

In 184, Emperor Guanghe was forced to lift the ban because of the outbreak of Huangjin uprising. After the lifting of the ban, the five prefectures (generals, Taifu, Taiwei, situ, Sikong) all called Xun Shuang. Sikong Yuan Feng (wrong here, or zhijinwu) called him to be virtuous, but Xun Shuang did not answer. Later, the imperial court sent buses to recruit Xun Shuang to serve as general He Jin. He Jin was afraid that he would not go, so he was recommended as a servant. However, because he was killed by a eunuch in 189, the imperial edict was suspended.

When the trace is clear

In September of the first year of Guangxi (189), Dong Zhuo abolished Liu Bian, the young emperor, and established Liu Xie (Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty) as emperor. He also recruited Xun Shuang as an official. Xun Shuang wanted to escape from the expedition, but because of the official pressure, he had to be appointed Prime Minister of Pingyuan. When he went to Wanling (now Xuancheng, Anhui), he was worshipped as Guanglu Xun by the imperial court. After three days in office, he was promoted to Sikong on December 1898. It was only 93 days before Xun Shuang was called up to take the post of Taisi. In the first year of Chuping (1901), the army of Guandong uprising started. In fear, Dong Zhuo intended to move his capital to Chang'an. He met with his ministers to discuss the matter. At that time, Huang Wan and Yang Biao argued against moving the capital. Seeing that Dong Zhuo was angry, Xun Shuang was afraid that he would kill them in a rage, so he said gently, "is the prime minister willing to do this! It's not possible to settle down in a day when troops are set up to the east of Xiaoshan, so we have to move the capital first to deal with them. This is exactly the same as that of the Qin Dynasty and the early Han Dynasty. " Dong Zhuo's anger subsided slightly. In February of the same year, Xun Shuang moved his capital to Chang'an with Emperor Xian. Xun Shuang saw that Dong Zhuo was so cruel that he had to overthrow the country. All the talents he recommended were resourceful and prepared to work together with them for great things. He was also involved in the conspiracy with Wang Yun, situ, and he Jia, Dong Zhuo's long history. Unfortunately, he died of illness in May of the same year at the age of 63. When Xun Yu, Xun Shuang's nephew, was appointed minister, he sent people to welcome him back to his coffin and bury him again. According to the records of the collection of sages and sages, when Cao Pi was still the prime minister and king of Wei, he honored Xun Shuang and other 24 people as twenty-four sages.

Achievements of Yi ology

Xun Shuang was well versed in Qun Jing, and wrote many works on it all his life. He studied poetry, Shu, Li, Yi and Chunqiu. He was a famous master of ancient Chinese classics in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He respected Confucianism and attached importance to etiquette. It is said that "there are husband and wife, then father and son, then monarch and minister, then superior and inferior, then superior and inferior, then courtesy and righteousness". If the propriety and righteousness are prepared, then people will know what the house is Filial piety, funeral, honor and inferiority. He also absorbed some thoughts of the Yin Yang school, paid attention to the mutual generation and restraint of the five elements, and applied his thoughts to the development and changes of various dynasties. According to Houhanshu, he wrote Li, Yizhuan, Shizhuan, shangshuzhengjing and Chunqiu regulations. He also collected the history of the Han Dynasty, the success or failure of which can be taken as a warning book, named Hanyu. He also wrote gongyangwen and bianchen, together with other narratives, entitled Xinshu, with a total of more than 100 pieces, but most of them were incomplete later. There are eleven volumes of Xunzi's Zhouyi annotation in Sui Shu Jingji Zhi, and ten volumes of Xunzi's Zhouyi annotation in Old Tang Shu Jingji Zhi and new Tang Shu Jingji Zhi. His thoughts on the book of changes are mainly found in the notes on the book of changes compiled by Li Dingzuo. The Qing people have compiled many notes on Xun's Yi. For example, Ma guohan's yuhanshanfang Jiyi Shu has three volumes of Zhouyi Xunshi Zhu, and sun Tang's Hanwei 21jia Yi Zhu has one volume of Xunshi Zhouyi Zhu. Huidong's Yi Hanxue and Zhang Huiyan's Zhouyi Xunshi jiujiayi have expounded Xunshi's Yi ology. His works are also included in Volume 67 of Quan Hou Han Wen.

Character evaluation

Ducho: you can be a teacher. Xu Shao: both of them (Xun Jing and Xun Shuang) are jade. They are benevolent and bright outside, and they are gentle inside. Liu Hong: Xun Shuang, Chen Ji, Zheng Xuan, Han Rong and Li Kai, who lived in Taoism and ancient music, had noble and noble aspirations, and was poor. Huang Fumi: I'm cool and talented. I'm famous in the world. Huaqiao: and the two emperors of Ming and Zhang stated this idea, so later generations argued for the study of Tuwei, in order to straighten the world and obtain information. It is the common Confucianists Jia Kui, Ma Rong, Zhang Heng, Zhu Mu, Cui yuan and Xun Shuang who resent it. If this is the case, they all think it is vain and should be collected. Zhang Yu: Shuang Zi is Ci Ming. He is eager to learn when he is young. He is twelve years old. He has been familiar with the spring and Autumn period and the Analects of Confucius. He has been thinking about classics for more than ten years. Fan Ye: 1. Xun Shuang, Zheng Xuan, and Shen Tu pan all acted as Confucian scholars, and they were tired of symptoms and failed to express their gratitude for illness. In the reign of Dong Zhuo, he was called again. Pan and Xuan did not yield to the whole. Shuang has yellow hair, only to Yan, not ten days and take Qing phase. Those who are interested in it suspect that they are good-natured, while those who steal from others believe that they are from a gentleman. Those who are in peace and fortune seek ambition, while those who are in Lingyi seek time. Is it true that Xun Gong was eager to encourage himself? Otherwise, why do you go against Zhenji? In order to save the disaster of Yang and Huang, we should observe his opinion of moving the capital. Later, there was a picture of Dong, who was named "straight as if he were bent" by Ji Zhenguo. ② Qingji both qi, there are Wei Yingbin, two Chengze, eight CI after dust. Hao Jing: 1. Shuang was born alone with a dragon, and Confucianism was a brilliant example. With Guo Tai and Chen Shi Xianggao, if you know what you can't do and finally don't give in, you will be on the right of Yi Taiqiu. Can't escape Zhuo against life, but from Yan. In order to prevent the occurrence of the Yellow beetle and the black catfish, three things should be done quickly. The beauty of gonggung is not like that of a diesel engine. If you are able to achieve excellence, you will find a ruler in vain. The commentators said that Xun Gong was eager to encourage himself, and he helped to rectify the situation. When the trace is wet, it can be saved! If you commit yourself to the door and want to pursue it, benevolent people will not do it. I do not know the time, but out of luck, the wise do not. We can't refuse it, we must follow it, and the brave Don't do it. It's wrong to be virtuous. Therefore, it is wrong for later generations. ② He was a great Minister of Confucianism, four Yang and eight Xun. Huang Liang Weng lost his life in the end. Wang Fuzhi: in the world of Huan and Ling, the monarch's way was destroyed, and the minister's admonition was also urgent. Only Xun Shuang was the one who explored the origin of the theory Shuang's strategy is to denounce directly, but to put it bluntly. If the woman is far away, she will lose her power. Therefore, it is also called to explore the origin of the theory.

anecdote

change existing habits and customs

Yuan Feng recommended Xun Shuang, but Xun Shuang didn't answer his orders. When Yuan Feng died, Xun Shuang mourned for him for three years. People often follow his example and become customs. in the Eastern Han Dynasty, most people didn't serve their wives after they died. Although their parents died, there are still mourning and illness. He also established his own name for his father and some celebrities after his death. Xun Shuang quoted the classics and discussed the right and wrong according to the classics. Although it can not be changed according to him, it still has a certain role.

Ciming wailang

Someone once asked Xu Shao, a famous scholar, who is more virtuous, Xunjing or xunshuang? Xu Shao said: "both of them (Xunjing and xunshuang) are like jade. Ciming (xunshuang) is smart and exposed, while shuci (Xunjing) is smart and natural

The best way

During the period of Zhengshi (240-249) of Cao Wei, when comparing and commenting on the characters, the famous scholars compared the five of "Xunzi of Yingchuan" with the five of "Chen of Yingchuan"

Chinese PinYin : Xun Shuang