Zhou Zongjian

Zhou Zongjian

Zhou Zongjian (1582-1627), the word Jihou, the number to jade. Wujiang (now Suzhou, Jiangsu) people. Emperor Hongguang, one of the Donglin Party members in the Tianqi period of the late Ming Dynasty, was named Zhongyi after he ascended the throne in Nanjing. He wrote Laozi Jie, which was banned and destroyed in 1779.

brief account of the author's life

Zhou Zongjian was the great grandson of Zhou Yong. When I was young, I heard the story of Yang Jisheng and sighed: "Zhongmin (Yang Jisheng) will not die!" Wanli 34 (1606) and Qian Qianyi were the same candidates. In 1613, Wanli 41 (1613) was a Jinshi. He was granted the county magistrate of Wukang (now belonging to Deqing of Zhejiang Province) and Renhe (now belonging to Hangzhou of Zhejiang Province). He was promoted to the imperial magistrate of Fujian Province and patrolled Huguang. In the first year of the apocalypse, Gu Cunren and other officials pleaded injustice against Chen's malpractice, and asked Xiong Tingbi to be appointed unconventionally, which offended a large number of people. In the second year of Tianqi (1622), Wei Zhongxian and Hakka were impeached for disorderly administration, which angered emperor Xizong of Ming Dynasty and saved him from death. In the next year, he criticized Wei Zhongxian for his power and wrote thousands of words, which shocked the world. Eight of them are still enlightening. He denounced Wei Zhongxian as "the first enemy" by the East chamber. In the apocalypse, censor Ni Wenhuan denounced Zhou Zongjian's lectures as pseudo learning, saying: "gather people who are not three or four, say words that are not painful, bow not shallow or deep, and eat bread that is not cold or hot." In March of the fifth year of Tianqi (1625), Wei Zhongxian ordered Zhou Zongjian to be naturalized. In the sixth year of Tianqi (1626), he was falsely accused of being bribed by Xiong Tingbi and was arrested in prison. Finally, Zhou Zongjian, 45, died in criminal trial on June 17 of the same year and was killed alive by Wei Zhongxian's followers.

Family situation

Among them, tingzuo (Changsheng), Tingzhi and Tingxi came from the original Shen family and lived in Songling? He was born by his concubine song and lived in Beijing? It was written by Yu Shi. The three youngest sons were carried away by their respective mothers. Ting Zuo, Ting? In exile, Zong Jian had no brothers or sisters. Fortunately, he was supported by his cousin Zhou Yongnian. Chongzhen ascended the throne (1628) and eliminated Wei Zhongxian's castration party. Zhou tingzuo went to Beijing to sue the imperial edict for his father's revenge. He refused Wanjin's bribe and the inducement of "Yidi", which made Guo Gong "plan to open up".

Records of Ming history

Zhou Zongjian, who was born in Wujiang, was a great grandson of shangshuyong. Jinshi in the 41st year of Wanli. In addition to Wukang county magistrate, he was transferred to Renhe and had different policies, so he became a censor. In the first year of Tianqi, he applied for posthumous titles of Gu Cunren, Wang Shizhen, Tao Wangling and Gu Xiancheng. He discussed the villains of Wanli Dynasty, counted the crimes of Qian menggao, Kang piyang, Qi Shijiao and Zhao Xingbang, and slandered Li Sancai and Wang Tu. At that time, the Liao Dynasty was full of thorns, and Shangshu blamed the assistant ministers. No matter what, when Shenyang was broken, Zong Jian was in charge. The minister was in a hurry. Because he asked for an exception, he called Xiong Tingbi back. It has been argued that Cui Jingrong, the Minister of the Ministry of war, should not believe Liu Bao, the traitor, and Liu Yili, the assistant minister, should not restrain his speech because he stabbed Lin Cai, the right general administrator, and Li bengu, the Guanglu minister. Material, this solid move away. Wei Dazhong impeached Wang Dewan to protect Yang Hao and Li Ruzhen, and Zong Jian attacked Dazhong for Dewan. It will be the winter of the year when the wife of Fengsheng, the Hakka, came out of the palace and returned to the palace. Zong Jianshou resisted and remonstrated, saying: "the son of heaven has made a speech, and there are children's plays with him. The forbidden area of the FA palace is only like the people's family. The holy Dynasty's behavior is good, and its internal and external defense is useless. As soon as they talk about their kindness, they will think over their responsibilities, indulge in love without discipline, and gradually become arrogant and unrestrained. Their future troubles will be difficult. The mistakes of Wang Sheng, Zhu E and Lu lingxuan can serve as a good example. " Disobeying orders and censuring. Therefore, the Qing Dynasty attaches great importance to it. Next year, Guangning will lose. Most of the court officials protected Wang Huazhen and wanted Xiong Tingbi to be guilty. Zong Jian was unjust. In order to dissect the crimes committed by the two people, Zong Jian was quite right in the court, and the people who protected the Zhen were deeply ill. There is a long drought in the capital. It rains and hails in May. Zong Jian said that the rise of yin and the decline of Yang had experienced four events: one was to ridicule the great scholar Shen Dan; one was to ask Kuan Jianyan to dethrone all the ministers; one was to say that Tingbi had been finalized, so it was improper for Luo Zhi to stab Zhang Heming, Minister of the Ministry of war, and Guo Gong, Minister of the Ministry of military affairs; one was to attack Wei Jinzhong, saying: "in recent political affairs, the court was tut tut Tut, and it was said that in the ordeal, there was no way to know. Under the edict, there was something to rely on. For example, Wei Jinzhong was illiterate, but his majesty pretended to smile and was on a blind date. All personnel administration, fall into its say, things easy to know, evil is reversed but not aware. Kuang's borrowing from the inner court and joining with the outer court helped each other. Alienation will come from the fly camp, slander will come from the long tongue. It's a hidden disaster. It's more than words Wei Zhongxian's name is the one who is loyal. At that time, the Hakka Family in Fangjie was the opposite food. Most of the court officials attached Yin to it, and its power was gradually blazing. It was found that Zong Jianshu, holding the second bone, had no hair. Zou yuanbiao built Shoushan academy, and Zong Jianshi was responsible for it. Yuanbiao, Zongjian, and all of them. During the inspection of Guanglu, Luo Shangzhong tried his best to eliminate the evils and save much. Find the nuclear artifacts, the official anger, take the order to censure. Zong Jian and others are not satisfied with their efforts. Guo Gong was first banished by impeaching Tingbi. When Tingbi was defeated and regained his official position, he became loyal. Zhijinzhong's worst behavior was to slander Tingbi, because he slandered those who recommended Tingbi. Tu shiye, the censor of Nanjing, was very sharp. He slandered Zongjian, wrongly appointed Tingbi, and wrongly appointed frontier. Zong Jian was angry, sparsely refuted the world's business, and his words invaded Gong. Gong Yifen was angry and slandered Zong jianyili. He also referred to ten people, including Liu Yiyao, Zou yuanbiao, Zhou Jiamo, Yang Lian, Zhou Chaorui, Mao Shilong, Fang Zhenru, Jiang Bingqian and Xiong Deyang, as Tingbi rebellious party. Zong Jianyi was angry and resisted Shuli's fallacy. He said: "Li Weihan, Yang Hao, Yuan Yingtai and Wang Huazhen were all bad feuders; Qi poetry school urged war, Zhao Xingbang bribed and sold frontier officials, all wrong feuders; other people who recommended Weihan, Yang Hao, Yuan Yingtai and Hua Zhen were also wrong feuders. "Gong Hu didn't attack it, but only demanded Ting Bi, and it was against the party to slander and recommend Ting Bi?" When it is, loyalty and virtue will flourish. In February of the third year, Zong Jian fought against Shuzhi and attacked Zhongxian. In a word, he impeached his minister by name last year, and he would never forget his minister. So he went to the capital by private Guo Gong, and then he poured himself into the capital to the officials and to the dissidents. Gong naichuang, as the saying of "Xin you da you", controlled the canon, compiled the names of dozens of court officials into a volume, and thought about it in a net. It is also an anonymous book. There are more than 50 people in luozhi. Liu Honghua, Zhou Chaorui and Xiong Deyang, Fang Zhenru, Jiang Bingqian and one of them are the first to vote for it. He not only wanted Luo's officials to take revenge on his private affairs quickly, but also wanted to be independent of the middle officials to release the hatred of loyalty. It was not from the imperial court, but from Gong and Jinzhong. Fortunately, the straight way lies in people. Gong said that he couldn't do it. At first, he didn't want to take advantage of Tingbi and wanted to be trapped. When Gong talked about Wang An, he laughed about his relationship with him. Does your majesty know why Ann died? In a strange place, the flesh is full of Black Kite, and the bone is yellow dog, which has never been seen before. Gong, who was a loyal man with a close heart, had no intention of betraying the Duke and destroying Li, and had been implicated in Liu Yili, Zhou Jiamo, Yang Lian and Mao Shilong. Your majesty, please make a thorough investigation of Anshi. If anyone is involved, it will be a major crime. This is the evidence of Gong's flattery and loyalty. Wang Zhi and Liu Jin, who were the two kings in the first dynasty, were lucky to be clear-cut and isolated, so they were not defeated for a long time. Today, Quan min retaliates and borrows the official to extend his position; Yan Guan's momentum borrows Quan min's weight. Over the past few months, Xiong Deyang, Jiang Bingqian, Hou Zhenmin, Wang Ji and the Manchu government have recommended and denounced him, Zou yuanbiao and Feng Congwu have stopped him, Wen Zhenmeng and Zheng Min have chased him, and sun Shenxing and Sheng Yihong have been killed. Picking melons and embracing vines is important for people. Each court loves to die, and no one dares to commit the crime. If the minister still cares about his body and doesn't want to be sued, he will have the command of Jinzhong inside, the wings of Hakka beside him, the demonstration of Liu Dynasty generation as a representative soldier outside, and the gathering of flies and ants from Gong generation. The traffic inside and outside will drive away the good. The world can't stand to talk! Let's get in, let's get in, let's get in. In front of the emperor, Liu Chao and others begged for self-cultivation to arouse the emperor's anger. He ordered Zong Jianchen to report the traffic situation, which would aggravate the punishment, and Zong Jianhui would play an important role. When he entered the court, he was loyal to the court staff, and the court officials fought hard to stop and seize the salary. He helped Zongjian attack Zhongzhong and Gong, and Gong Fuli slandered them. There were two explanations for the imperial edict. It was a strict order to take responsibility and seize Gong and Zong Jianfeng's salary for three months. At that time, Liu chaodian held internal control, so he planned to go to the border. When the court officials heard about it, they did not dare to speak. I said: "this is the name of Gongcheng." Gong Jing did not dare to hair. Zong Jian resisted the extreme remonstrance of Shu, and experienced three impossibilities and nine harms. There is a gap between Huichao and Jinzhong. Its winter out according to Huguang, to worry back. In March of 1955, Feng Quan, a bachelor, was named Zhang Shenyan, a royal censor. He was falsely impeached by Cao Qincheng, a student of his, and led by Zong Jian, Li Yingsheng and Huang zunsu. Zhongxian then corrected the imperial edict to cut the book, and then asked the governor to recover the stolen goods. Next year, he will be given a reprieve and be arrested by Tiqi. Russia into the Li Shi Shu, issued a prison drug news. Xu Xianchun sternly scolded: "Fu Neng scolds Wei Shanggong for not knowing it!" He took a bribe and died in prison. Zong Jian was dead, and the collection of stolen goods was urgent. Jiang Ying, his deputy envoy, was defeated by him, and he also cut his nationality. Zhongxian defeat, imperial edict to Zongjian Taipusi Qing, an official son. When he was king Fu, he was named Zhongyi.

Chinese PinYin : Zhou Zong Jian