Zeng Shirong

Zeng Shirong

Zeng Shirong (1252-1332), a famous pediatrician of the Yuan Dynasty, was born in Hengzhou Road (now Hengyang City). He was born before the 12th year of emperor LiZong's Chunyou in the Southern Song Dynasty (1253) and died in the 3rd year of emperor Wenzong's Zhishun in the Yuan Dynasty (1332). When he was young, he studied medicine from Liu Sidao, a world-famous doctor. He was well-known in the Department of pediatrics at that time. He once compiled the prescriptions and rhymes left by his teacher in detail, and collected the usual argumentation and prescriptions to synthesize the three volumes of huoyouxinshu (1294) and the twenty volumes of huoyoukoulun.

Character works

His works of Pediatrics, huoyoukouyi and huoyouxinshu, were published in 1294. The volume of paediatric diseases into 75 songs, easy to recite. In the volume, there are 43 treatises on pediatric diseases and syndromes (with 8 Addenda), and the author's clinical experience is introduced. In the volume, there are 230 prescriptions for the treatment of pediatric diseases, of which many are created by Zeng Shirong and selected from practical pediatric prescriptions. There are Qing Dynasty edition, Chinese medical Dacheng edition and other modern editions. The 20 volumes of huoyoukouyi is the summary of Zeng Shirong's understanding and experience in medical practice for more than 60 years. It has detailed discussion on the children's physiology and pathology, plain milk, newborn syndrome, typhoid fever, formula and song of children's shape and syndrome, children's facial complexion, fetal diseases, miscellaneous prescriptions for treating various diseases and previous prescriptions. In addition, the author puts forward some opinions on the new pulse care, medication, syndrome differentiation, etc. There are three volumes of huoyouxinshu, the first volume of which contains 75 pieces of "juezhen Shifu", which mainly discusses pediatric diseases and syndromes in the form of poetry, which is easy to memorize; the second volume of which contains 43 pieces of "Mingben Lun", which focuses on the syndrome and treatment of pediatric diseases; the second volume of which contains 230 pieces of proven prescriptions such as pills, powders, ointments and pills.

Character contribution

Ceng Shirong, who lives in Heng Zhou Road (now Hengyang), the two books and two books of Huo Xiao Kou Yi and Huo Xiao Xin Shu are the cream of Zeng Rong's life experience. It is of practical value to the diagnosis and treatment of children's diseases. It is an important work of paediatric literature in China and plays an important role in the history of Pediatrics of Chinese medicine.

Among the four diagnostic methods, inspection is the most important

Looking, smelling, asking and cutting are the main methods of diagnosing diseases in traditional Chinese medicine. In clinical practice, we should emphasize the combination of the four diagnosis, and can not treat one aspect in isolation. However, the physiological and pathological characteristics of children determine the importance of pediatric inspection. Zeng Shirong fully emphasized pediatric inspection in his works. In the book "live young mouth", he said: "it's most important to look at the face first, fix the Qi and observe the color. Good is formed from internal disease to external disease, which is based on the integration of standard and status." At the same time, during the inspection, he thought that we should "carefully observe the shape and Qi" and "carefully observe the profit and loss". It is pointed out that "observing the appearance of children's face and mental state" is mainly observed in "observing the appearance of children's face and mental state". (1) enrich the content of children's inspection Zeng Shirong made a detailed discussion on the content of children's inspection in huoyoukouyi, respectively, from the aspects of "five internal organs and five colors are established", "five internal organs are divided into five parts", "five internal organs are willing to hurt the enemy", "face suddenly appear", "five internal organs are divided into different parts". "The five viscera and five colors are based on each other", which describes the five colors and the five elements of the five viscera, the presence of the five elements, and the intersection of the five viscera. "Divide the five places to belong to" describes the main parts of the five zang organs in the face, such as the heart part is "zygomatic face, cheek, heart fire, under the Qi pool, next to the law, above the food bin, one inch and two high bone, all belong to the heart part". The location of the lung is "zhuntou to the root of the mountain, two holes and the middle beam, both head straight down, years on life, inside and outside breathing, all belong to the location of the lung". "The five zang organs subdue the enemy and like to injure" describes the five zang organs subdue the enemy and like to injure and the main diseases by using the five elements Shengke relationship. For example, the heart subdue the enemy and like to injure is "the heart subdues the kidney, the enemy's lung, the joy is bitter, the injured is salty, the three changes and eight steams of the viscera, and the emotion is happy, and the main diseases are convulsion, palpitation, deficiency, crying, delirium, mania, salivation and mouth angle". The Lung Fu enemy likes to hurt, which is "the heart of the Lung Fu, the liver of the enemy, the spicy of the Lung Fu, the scorched and bitter of the injured, the two changes into the seven steamed viscera, the harmony likes to have a good breath, clear mind and strong spirit, the main disease is full of cough, cold as heat, and excessive phlegm". It can be seen that Zeng Shirong attached great importance to inspection. (2) in addition to the body, we should pay attention to the complexion. Zeng Shirong believes that "the deficiency and excess of children is not related to the fatness, but to the complexion." He thinks that the inspection should not be limited to the external form, but should pay attention to "complexion", which is mainly because children "are fat and timid, thin and vigorous, timid and tender in color, which is empty and knowable; vigorous and strong in color, which is real and knowable". It can be seen that Zeng thinks that the deficiency and excess of children's disease should not be only in the appearance of fat and thin, but should combine the shape and color to distinguish the deficiency and excess of the disease. (3) inspection emphasizes "change and communication". Zeng Shirong believes that although "the Qi of the five zang organs are all formed on the face", it often changes, so it should not be rigidly adhered to, but be flexible and connected. He said: "the Qi of the five zang organs are all formed on the face. Green liver, red heart, white lung, black kidney and yellow spleen are the essence. Liver is flourishing in spring, heart is flourishing in summer, lung is flourishing in autumn, kidney is flourishing in winter, each 72 days, spleen is flourishing after four seasons, each 18 days. However, sometimes those whose faces turn blue and black in spring and winter are not the liver and kidney, or those whose faces turn red and white in autumn and summer are not the heart and lung, or the Qi that covers the five internal organs. They emerge one after another, and are not certain at the beginning. All of a sudden, the green and black ones are in pain; all of a sudden, the red ones are in heat; all of a sudden, the white ones are in cold; all of a sudden, the yellow ones are in accumulation. The opening and closing of Qi does not depend on time or position. " Another example is that the five zang organs in the main part of the face are not rigid, but "either in the position, or exposed in other parts, the undesirable end". It can be seen that Zeng Shirong's understanding of inspection has its own unique features.

Medicine advocates attacking pathogenic factors

In the field of Pediatrics, there has been a long-term academic debate between warm tonic school and cold and cool school. The cold and cool school started from Qian Yi in the Northern Song Dynasty and advocated the treatment of pox and rash with pungent, cool and clear taste. According to his long-term clinical experience, Chen Wenzhong, a famous doctor in the Southern Song Dynasty, boldly proposed the treatment of pox and rash with warm and tonic prescriptions, which opened up a new way for the treatment of pox and rash. So far, pediatrics has formed two schools of thought: warm tonic and cold and cool. Influenced by Zhang Zihe, Zeng Shirong thought that "disease is caused by pathogenic factors" and that "attacking pathogenic factors has already caused disease" was the best way to treat the disease. He actively advocated attacking pathogenic factors to treat the disease and to use cold and cool medicines. He also put forward the academic viewpoint of "tonifying in attacking". In the chapter of huoyouxinshu · jiyougongbu, he said: "the so-called attacker must first spread the external evil and express the meaning of the disease; the external evil will go away and the vitality will recover, that is to say, there is a supplement in the attack and the meaning of the interior." According to the characteristics that children's diseases are mostly caused by exogenous factors, Zeng advocated attacking pathogenic factors to treat diseases, and advocated that "dispersing exogenous factors" should be the main method to attack pathogenic factors. For example, in the treatment of acute shock syndrome, he advocated "Decoction with Wuling powder plus Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, or dissolution of 100 herbs". Dissolution of 100 herbs is composed of radix puerariae, Cimicifugae, radix paeoniae rubra, Radix Scutellariae, Herba Ephedrae, Fructus cinnamomi and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, which can reconcile all kinds of diseases, while the main. In addition, the prescriptions in huoyouxinshu are mainly divergent. But there are three methods of sweating, vomiting and lowering, which are different from Zhang Zihe. Although Zeng Shi Rong advocated "attacking pathogenic factors", he also advocated that differentiation of symptoms and signs should be the first and should not be misused. As for the treatment of chronic convulsion, different methods and drugs are used according to different causes. "Different drugs, different treatments, different attacks." it can also be seen that Zeng Shirong does not blindly emphasize attack.

Unique experience of syndrome differentiation and treatment of convulsion

The name of Jingfeng disease first appeared in Taiping Shenghui prescription of Northern Song Dynasty. To Qian Yi, it is divided into acute convulsion and slow convulsion, and put forward the treatment principle of "acute convulsion combined with cool diarrhea, slow convulsion combined with warm tonic". On the basis of inheriting predecessors' experience, Zeng Shirong put forward a new view on the diagnosis and treatment of convulsion. On the basis of many years of clinical experience, Zeng Shirong summarized the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of Jingfeng, and put forward the concept of "four syndromes and eight syndromes": "four syndromes are convulsion, wind, phlegm and heat. Eight patients, twitch, tetany, pull, tremble, reaction, lead, channeling, as is also. The twitch person's hands stretch and contract; the tetany person's fingers open and close; the twitch person's posture is like sumo; the trembler's head is not right; the reverse person's body is backward; the guide person's arm is like a bow; the dart person's eyes are straight like anger; the eye is not active. The four syndromes have been prepared, and the eight syndromes are active. The four syndromes are absent, and the eight syndromes are active. " This is of great significance to the diagnosis and treatment of clinical convulsion, which has been recognized by later generations of doctors and is still used today. (2) the pathological changes of acute shock mainly lie in the heart and liver. Zeng Shirong believes that the disease of acute shock is caused by exogenous wind heat and sudden panic, which causes "the accumulation of stagnant heat in the heart and spread to the liver" Shortness of breath, phlegm and asthma, suddenly depressed, eyes straight up, teeth urgent, mouth not open, hand and foot twitch, this heat even ran, the situation and face red, pulse number can be identified. There is heat in the heart and wind in the liver Two Yang phase drum, wind and fire phase fight, liver hidden soul, heart hidden God, because of heat, the spirit is easy to move, so hair shock also. The heart is in charge of the mind. It is untouched. When it comes to shock, it is feverish. The heat generates wind, so it can cause convulsions. It is called acute shock. " (3) heat clearing should be the first step in the treatment of acute shock. It is said that acute shock is caused by "heat accumulated in the heart and transmitted to the liver". Heat clearing should be the main method in the treatment. Zeng Shirong said: "acute shock should be treated by convulsion first, convulsion by wind and wind by heat. Only when convulsion has been done, can the heat subside the shock. If the heat does not subside, the shock will not disperse, and the convulsion will be made again at the right time." Wuling powder is good at treating acute shock. Wuling powder thinks: "in Wuling powder, there is Rhizoma alismatis for urination, the heart and small intestine are the exterior and interior, the small intestine is fluent, the heart qi is unblocked, and the shock is reduced by itself; in Wuling powder, there is cinnamon, and the wood cinnamon is withered, so it has the Qi of suppressing the liver, the wind stops itself, and the cinnabar can calm the spirit." Zeng's Wuling powder has its own characteristics

Chinese PinYin : Ceng Shi Rong