moseley

moseley

Moseley is a British physicist, the discoverer of atomic number. He was born in wemes, Dorset on November 23, 1887 and died in glibolu, Turkey on August 10, 1915. In 1906, Moseley entered Trinity College (Oxford) at Oxford University. After graduation, he worked with Ernest Rutherford at Manchester University. In the first year, he was mainly devoted to teaching, and a few years later, Moseley devoted himself to scientific research.

curriculum vitae

Moseley, Henry Gwyn Jeffreys, British physicist. Born in wemerth, Dorset, on November 23, 1887; died in glibolu, Turkey, on August 10, 1915. Moseley's father was an anthropologist and professor of comparative anatomy. As a naturalist, he participated in the Challenger expedition, which was the first expedition to the deep sea. When his father died, Moseley was only four years old. Young Moseley did not intend to engage in life science research in the future, but was interested in physics. He studied at Eton and Oxford (where he won scholarships). Later, he studied under the guidance of Rutherford. Among Rutherford's young assistants, he was the youngest and the smartest.

research findings

After Laue and Bragg proved that X-rays are diffracted by crystals, moselet used this technique to determine and compare the wavelength of X-ray radiation, which was discovered by bacla a few years ago. Moseley's above research clearly confirmed bakra's conjecture, that is, the wavelength of X-ray decreases uniformly with the increase of atomic weight of the emitting element. Moseley attributed this rule to the increase of the number of electrons in the atom and the increase of the positive charge in the nucleus when the atomic weight increases. (it was later found that the nuclear charge reflects the number of positively charged protons in the nucleus.) this discovery led to a significant improvement in Mendeleev's periodic table. Mendeleev had arranged his periodic table of elements in the order of atomic weight, but in order to illustrate the periodicity, the table changed the order in two places. Moseley proved that if the elements are arranged according to the number of their nuclear charges (that is, according to the number of protons in the nucleus, which is later called the atomic number), there is no need to make such a change. Furthermore, it can be assumed that some elements with different numbers can be inserted between any two adjacent elements in the Mendeleev periodic table, because the minimum difference in atomic weight between adjacent elements is not regular. However, if we arrange them according to the atomic number, the situation is very different. The atomic number must be an integer. Therefore, there is no new element between iron with atomic number 26 and cobalt with atomic number 27. It also means that from the simplest element known at that time, hydrogen, to the most complex element, uranium, there are only 92 elements in total. In addition, Moseley's X-ray technique can also identify the vacancies in the periodic table that represent elements that have not yet been discovered. In fact, when Moseley realized the concept of atomic number in 1914, there were still seven such vacancies. In addition, if someone claims to have found a new element to fill a vacancy, then Moseley's X-ray technology can be used to test the authenticity of this report. For example, this method is used to verify the authenticity of two reports about cellium by yuerban and hafnium by herweisi. in this respect, X-ray analysis is a new and complex chemical analysis technology in the 20th century. Like helovsky's optical rotation analysis method, it no longer relies on the ancient weighing and titration methods, but uses more precise methods such as the determination of absorption properties and potential changes. In other words, although Moseley's work did not make significant changes to Mendeleev's periodic table, it completely fixed the position of various elements in the periodic table.

die young

When the first World War broke out, Moseley immediately enlisted and became an engineer's lieutenant. At that time, people did not understand the importance of science to human society, so they did not think there was any reason not to let Moseley go to the battlefield like millions of other soldiers. Rutherford tried unsuccessfully to get Moseley to work in science. On June 13, 1915, Moseley sailed to Turkey. Two months later, he was killed in the battle of glibolu. He was killed in an insignificant and confused battle. His death did not bring any benefits to Britain and the whole world (one thing, if you insist, is that he bequeathed his property to the Royal Society). Judging from his achievements (he was only 27 years old when he died), among the countless people killed in the war, his death caused the greatest loss to mankind. If Moseley can survive, no matter how unpredictable the development of science is, it is certain that he will win the Nobel Prize in physics. Sigban inherited Moseley's research work and won the Nobel Prize.