Yu Rizhang

Yu Rizhang

David z.t.yui (1882-1936.1) is a very important Christian leader in modern history. Born in Wuchang, Puqi, Hubei Province. The composer of the world's first revolutionary song, the founder of China's first "Red Cross" organization, the enlightening teacher of Yan Yangchu, the father of civilian education, and the witness of Chiang Kai Shek and Song Meiling.

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Yu RI Zhang (1882-1936.1)

A very important Christian leader in modern history. Born in Wuchang, Puqi, Hubei Province.

Li Yuanhong's English Secretary, Sun Yat Sen's enthusiastic followers;

He is the composer of the first revolutionary song in the world and the founder of the earliest "Red Cross" organization in China;

Yan Yangchu, the father of civilian education, is the first teacher of Jiang Jieshi and Song Meiling.

Biography of characters

Young people have entered Christianity. He studied in the primary school attached to Wuchang Sheng Kung Hui.

He entered Wenhua Academy in Wuchang in 1895. Later, he joined St. John's University in Shanghai.

After graduating in 1905, he returned to Hubei as a physical education teacher of Wenhua Academy. He founded the monthly journal of Wenhua academic circle and participated in the rescue of Liu Jing'an, a volunteer who was arrested by the daily news.

In the autumn of 1908, he went to the United States and majored in education at the Graduate School of Harvard University with the support of American missionaries.

In 1910, he graduated with a doctorate and became deputy director general of the North American Christian Student Congress.

In 1911, he returned to China and became the president of the high school attached to Wenhua University. He founded the first summer camp in Hankou.

He took an active part in political activities. In 1911, when Wuchang first established the Red Cross Society, he served as the director general and led his staff to the front line for rescue;

He also served as Li Yuanhong's English Secretary and participated in foreign affairs activities.

At that time, the Qing Navy controlled SA Zhenbing and led the Qingshui army to the Han Dynasty to bombard Wuchang. He personally took Li Yuanhong's written report to sa Zhenbing to persuade him to come back.

In 1912, at the invitation of Cai Yuanpei, Minister of education, he attended the first national education conference and served as assistant editor in chief of Beijing English daily.

In 1913, he was the chairman of the speech Department of the National Association of the Chinese YMCA.

In May 1913, he attended the eighth meeting of the World Youth Association for students. After the meeting, I visited European countries.

In 1915, he joined the Chinese industrial and commercial League and served as secretary.

In 1917, he served as the director general of the National Youth Association, and was also the president of the all China Christian Association

In 1917, he participated in the work of Sun Yat Sen's general plan for the founding of the people's Republic.

In 1919, he attended the director meeting of the New York Youth Association.

In 1921, he went to Washington to attend the International Conference on Disarmament and Far East. He also served as consultant of Shanghai Industry Bureau and Secretary of Shandong Railway Association.

In 1921, he received a doctorate in liberal arts from St. John's University in Shanghai.

In 1923, he was the president of the all China Christian Association.

In 1924, when he went to the United States to attend the International Conference of the Youth Association, he had no understanding of the aggressive nature of imperialism and had illusions.

In 1927, when he went to Honolulu to attend the Pacific National Conference, he once "persuaded" the Japanese, British and hairdressers who invaded China to be "kind hearted".

On December 1, 1927, Chiang Kai Shek and Song Meiling got married in Shanghai. The Song family believes in Christianity, and Song Meiling herself participated in the work of the young women's Christian Association. Before a wedding is held in public, a religious wedding must be held first.

At the invitation of Chiang Kai Shek and Soong Mei Ling, Yu RI Zhang held a religious wedding ceremony for them at Soong Mei Ling's house in Ximo road according to the Christian religious procedure. The wedding was special, with very few people attending, but as many as five witnesses. Tan Yankai, Wu Zhihui, Cai Yuanpei and He Xiangning were all military and political figures at that time. Later, Yu Rizhang, like Cai Yuanpei, was one of the witnesses at the Chinese secular wedding held in Dahua hotel.

When he went to the United States for medical treatment in August 1932, he met with US Secretary of state Stimson to "persuade" the United States to contain its invasion of China.

In 1933, Wenshan customs lost its guard, suddenly suffered from cerebral hemorrhage, and died in January 1936.

Yan Yangchu's Guide

On the new year's day of 1919, it happened to be the 50th birthday of Mr. mu Ouchu, a famous industrialist in modern China. He had a dinner with some celebrities in the educational circles in Jiangsu Province. At the dinner table, he asked, "how should money be used in the best interests of the country and society?" Everyone said "money is education suitable for use". In addition to Huang Yanpei, Jiang Menglin, Hu Shi, Ma Yinchu and others, Yu Rizhang is also among the celebrities in the education field.

In fact, education is the source of wealth and the foundation of a strong country, which is Yu Rizhang's consistent thought. After the founding of the Republic of China, he attended the first national education conference at the invitation of Cai Yuanpei, Minister of education, and served as assistant editor in chief of Beijing English daily.

During the period of the Republic of China, many people were illiterate, and education was only the "welfare" of a few people, but most people still did not know how to read and write. After returning from studying in the United States, Yu Rizhang has great ambition to eliminate illiteracy. He personally used charts, models and slides to express how to educate the masses.

Nowadays, everyone thinks that Yan Yangchu is "the father of civilian education". I don't know that Yu Rizhang is the originator of civilian education thought. After returning to China, Yu Rizhang served as Li Yuanhong's English secretary. When Li became president, he asked him to be the director general of education. In order to truly serve the people, Mr. Yu did not become an official, but served as the director general of the National Association of the Chinese YMCA (1918-1930).

Yan Yangchu, who returned to China in 1920, was "full of blood, but the vast sea, I really don't know where to start". At this time, Yu Rizhang extended an olive branch to him, set up a civilian education department in the Youth League, and invited Yan Yangchu to preside over the work. "I felt that at that time, the youth association was the group that made the most contribution to China's social undertakings. The Youth Association had branches in major cities in China. There were more than 500 cadres and talents in the association, and Yu Rizhang was such a wise and capable leader, so I promised immediately."

Yan Yangchu, as the director of the civilian education section of the Ministry of intellectual education, conducted a survey on the current situation of civilian education in various provinces: in 1922, he began to launch the Ping education movement in Changsha, Yantai, Hangzhou, Hankou and other places, and co founded Ping education schools with Shanghai, Jinan, Tianjin, Guangzhou and other local organizations. It is estimated that in the 15 years since the implementation of the civilian education campaign, 250000 people have received civilian education. There is no doubt that Yan Yangchu has contributed a lot to civilian education. If he had not been inspired and strongly supported by Yu Rizhang, he would not have become a popular educator.

The earliest "Red Cross Society"

"Yu Rizhang is a great man. We should use various methods to make him recover and make him continue to serve the world." This was said by Stimson, then Secretary of state of the United States.

In 1932, with the idea of fighting against Japan and saving the nation in mind, Yu Rizhang went to the United States to engage in "national diplomacy" to publicize the Anti Japanese war. When he talked about the situation of the Anti Japanese war with U.S. Secretary of state Stimson, he suddenly heard that Shanhaiguan was lost, filled with righteous indignation and suffered from cerebral hemorrhage. Stimson asked President Hoover to rescue him with the best doctors, stay in the best hospitals and treat him as a state guest.

The reason why Stimson respects Yu Rizhang so much is that he has an important international influence. During his stay in the United States, Yu Rizhang attended the Washington Conference many times and made 98 consecutive speeches in the United States to conduct national diplomacy, introduce China's situation and call on the United States to contain Japan's aggression against China. The American audience believes that "no one from a foreign country has ever excited us so much.".

At that time, the dispute between China and Japan became increasingly fierce, and most foreigners did not know the truth. An American asked: do the Chinese really have the ability of autonomy? Yu Rizhang asked him: have you ever read world history? American answer: Yes. Yu Rizhang also asked: among all the countries in the world, which country has a national autonomous government that is not dominated by foreign nationalities? Can it have such a long history as China? If so, please let me know. Americans are speechless.

As a matter of fact, when Yu Rizhang was the principal of wenchua middle school in Wuchang, he was already practicing humanitarianism to the best of his ability. In 1911, the revolution of 1911 broke out in Wuchang, and teachers and students of Wenhua school rose to respond. Yu Rizhang organized the establishment of the "Wuchang Red Cross Society". Teachers and students of Wenhua actively participated in the charity work of rescuing the wounded and burying the dead. At that time, everyone elected Yu Rizhang as the English Secretary of the Red Cross to exercise the functions and powers of the director general. This is the earliest "Red Cross" organization in China.

After the uprising army occupied Wuchang City, it caused great panic of the Qing government, and sent Navy minister SA Zhenbing to besiege and suppress the revolution, strangling the revolution. For a time, the people in Wuhan were in a panic. President Yu Rizhang, who was not concerned about life and death, personally led a fleet of Red Cross flags, braved the constant firing of the Qing army, traveled between Wuchang and Hankou for many times, and transported tens of thousands of tons of rice into Wuchang, which greatly calmed people's hearts and stimulated their morale.

The influence on Zhang Xueliang

Zhang Xueliang has always admired Yu Rizhang. According to Zhang Xueliang's recollection, Yu Rizhang had an overnight talk with him, which he will never forget.

Yu Rizhang warned him:“

First, don't fake, fake to fake, and finally fake to your own head;

Second, we should abide by public opinion and not fake it;

Third, we should sacrifice ourselves to solve the suffering of the masses, especially not to sacrifice the masses to solve our own suffering. "

Yu Rizhang's influence on Zhang Xueliang directly changed China's destiny and Zhang Xueliang's image among the people.

Later, Zhang Xueliang wrote in an article: Mr. Yu's teachings are vivid in my mind. I will write them down. First, I will remember Mr. Yu, and second, I will put his Mingjiao to posterity. This shows the position of Yu Rizhang in Zhang Xueliang's mind.

Chinese PinYin : Yu Ri Zhang