Helantin

Helantin

He lianding (?)? Zhiyu, a small character, was born in Shuofang county (now Jingbian County, Shaanxi Province) of Shuofang county. He was the last emperor of Hu Xia in the 16 Kingdoms period. He was the fifth son of the former leader (emperor Wuli) he Liansheng and the younger brother of the middle leader he Lianchang.

Herring is a fierce and insidious scoundrel. At the beginning, he was appointed as the Duke of Pingyuan County, guarding Chang'an. He Lianchang ascended the throne and became king of the plain. He worshipped situ and the general. In the fourth year of Chengguang (428), after he Lianchang was defeated and captured, he fled to Pingliang and formally ascended the throne. He was named Shengguang and joined Liu Song to attack the Northern Wei Dynasty. In 431, he attacked Xiqin and Beiliang, and was captured by Tuyuhun army.

In the first year of Yanhe (432), after being sent to the Northern Wei Dynasty, he was executed by tuobatao, Emperor Taiwu of the Wei Dynasty.

Life of the characters

Pingliang became emperor

He lianding, the fifth son of the Wuli emperor of Hu Xia and the younger brother of he Lianchang, was a ferocious and brutal rogue.

On the 25th of the first month of the third year of Chengguang (427), tuobatao, Emperor Taiwu of the Northern Wei Dynasty, went to Youzhou. He Lianchang sent 20, 000 troops to recover Chang'an (now Xi'an, Shaanxi).

In April of the third year of Chengguang (427), the Northern Wei Dynasty attacked the Xia Dynasty on a large scale. He lianding and Xi Jin, the general of the Northern Wei Dynasty, confronted each other in Chang'an (now Xi'an, Shaanxi Province).

In June of the third year of Chengguang (427), Tongwan, the capital of Hu Xia (now nanbaichengzi, Wushen Banner, Inner Mongolia), fell. He lianding fled to Shangying (now Tianshui, Gansu Province) to join with he Lianchang and was granted the title of king of the plain.

In February of the first year of Shengguang (428), the Northern Wei Dynasty attacked Shangying, and he Lianchang was captured. He lianding, who was then the general and the commander-in-chief, collected tens of thousands of Xia army remnants and ran all the way to Pingliang (now Pingliang, Gansu Province), which was the Emperor. He was granted amnesty and changed his name to Shengguang.

Unite Song Dynasty to attack Wei Dynasty

In April of the first year of Shengguang (428), he sent envoys to the Northern Wei Dynasty to ask for reconciliation. Tuobatao ordered Helian to surrender.

In May of the first year of Shengguang (428), Helian decided to recover Tongwan City, so he personally led the army to houni city. He did not dare to move forward any more, so he had to take charge.

On the sixth day of September in the third year of Shengguang (430), Helian appointed his younger brother to attack the cities of the Northern Wei Dynasty. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, the general of Pingxi and tuobakaigui, the Duke of Shiping, led their troops to fight back and killed more than 10000 Xia soldiers. Helian said that he fled on behalf of others. He lianding personally led tens of thousands of people and intercepted tuobakaigui in the east of the city, leaving his younger brother, Helian Shegan of Shanggu Gong and Helian duluogu of Guangyang Gong to stay in Pingliang. He also sent envoys to Liu Song to ask for reconciliation and agreed to unite to destroy the Northern Wei Dynasty and divide up the area north of the Yellow River in advance: from the east of Hengshan, it belongs to Liu Song; from the west of Hengshan, it belongs to Xia. When tuobatao got the news, he immediately mobilized his army to attack Hu Xia. On September 21, the third year of Shengguang (430), tuobatao went to Tongwan, so he commanded the army to attack Pingliang.

In October 430, under the military threat of Beiliang, Qifu mumo, the leader of the Western Qin state, sent envoys Wang Kai and wunitian to the Northern Wei Dynasty to ask for assistance. The Northern Wei Dynasty promised to grant the Pingliang and anding counties, which were still under the control of Xia state, to Qifu mumo. At the end of the evening, he set fire to the city, destroyed the treasures, and led 15000 families to the east to Shangying. Helian Ding heard that the army of Qifu at the end of the evening would attack, so he sent troops to resist.

Run to Shangying

On the third day of November in the third year of Shengguang (430), tuobatao arrived in Pingliang. Shanggu Gonghe, lianshegan and others surrounded the city. Emperor Taiwu ordered he Lianchang to appease them, but he did not listen to his advice. Therefore, Taiwu emperor sent Anxi general Gu Bi to direct his troops to anding. Helian returned to anding from the city and led 20000 infantry and cavalry to reinforce Pingliang northward. On the way, he happened to encounter Gu Bi's army. Gu Bi pretended to retreat and lured the enemy in. Helianding was in hot pursuit. Emperor Taiwu sent Gaoche tribe to reinforce and intercept Xia army. Xia army was defeated and thousands of soldiers were killed. Helian fled back in a hurry, retreated to quail Gu Yuan and arranged a square array to protect himself. The Northern Wei army came and surrounded him.

The Wei army besieged Helian for several days and cut off the water supply and the transportation line of grain and grass. The people and horses of Xia state are hungry and thirsty. On November 15, the third year of Shengguang (430), Helian led the crowd to rush down the quail valley. Qiu Jian, a general of the military guards of the Northern Wei Dynasty, intercepted the Xia army, which was defeated and killed more than 10000 people. He lianding was also seriously injured. He rode away alone. On the way, he assembled a group of disabled soldiers and defeated generals, and drove 50000 people to surrender to Shangying. He lianding's younger brother Danyang Gonghe LianWu Shiba and Wuling Gonghe liantu were captured alive by the Wei army, as well as more than 100 nobles and ministers below Gonghe and marquis. On the same day, the Wei army took advantage of the victory to attack anding again. He Lian, the Duke of Dongping in the state of Xia, who was defending the city, abandoned the city and fled to Chang'an. They forced thousands of people to flee westward to Shangying.

On December 15, the third year of Shengguang (430), Helian Shegan of Shanggu Gong and Helian duluo of Guangyang Gong left the city and surrendered, and the Wei army conquered Pingliang.

He was killed after the fall of his country

In the first month of the fourth year of Shengguang (431), he lianding raided Yao Xian, a general of the Western Qin Dynasty, and defeated Yao Xian. Then he sent his uncle helianweiva to lead 10000 people to attack Nan'an City, which was defended by Qifu mumo. At that time, there was a famine in Nan'an City and people were eating each other. Shizhong and Zhenglu generals of the Western Qin Dynasty fled from the city and surrendered to Hu Xia. At the end of the evening, he had no choice but to surrender with empty coffins in vehicles. Helianweiva escorted Qifu mumo and Juqu Xingguo to Shanghai.

In June of 431, he lianding killed the captured Lord of the Western Qin state, Qifu mumo, and 500 members of the royal family of the Western Qin state.

Fearing the persecution of the Northern Wei Dynasty, he hijacked more than 100000 people of the Western Qin Dynasty and crossed the Yellow River from Zhicheng. He planned to attack Mengxun, the main city of Beiliang, and seize the territory of Beiliang. Tuguhun Khan Murong Mu dispatched Yizhou governor Murong muliyan and ningzhou governor Murong Shiqian to command 30000 cavalry. They crossed the river half way by Xia army and intercepted Xia army. Helian was captured and Daxia was destroyed.

In July 431, Tuguhun Khan, murongmu, sent his servant Xie Taining to the Northern Wei Dynasty. He presented a memorial to express his willingness to give up his captured helianding.

On March 28, 432, the first year of Yanhe in the Northern Wei Dynasty, turuhun Khan Murong dedicated helianding to the Northern Wei Dynasty, and the Northern Wei Dynasty killed helianding.

Anecdotes and allusions

In October of the second year of Shengguang (429), Helian ascended Yinpan mountain and looked at his hometown. He cried and said, "if the former Emperor asked me to inherit the great cause, how could it be today? If God gives me time, I can create the great cause of the late Renaissance with you Aiqing. " Then there was a group of foxes barking nearby, and he ordered to shoot them, but he got nothing. He felt disgusted in his heart and said, "this is also a sign of bad luck. The way of heaven, the way of heaven, what else can we say?"

Character evaluation

Wei Shou's Wei Shu: "a ferocious rogue."

Sima Guang's Zi Zhi Tong Jian: "the master of Xia is less violent and rogue, which is unknown to the ancestors."

Historical records

Book of Jin Volume 130 Zaiji No.30

Wei Shu, volume 95, biography 83

The spring and Autumn Annals of the Sixteen Kingdoms

Zi Zhi Tong Jian (volume 120)

Zizhitongjian (volume 121)

Zizhitongjian (Volume 122)

Relative members

Father generation

Father: Hu Xia, Emperor Wulie, he Liansheng

Uncle: Helene right, Helene right

Uncle: he Lianwei, he lianaliluo

brothers and sisters

He Lianru, the abandoned Prince

He Lianyan, Yang pinggong

The great Xia emperor he Lianchang

He lianlun, Duke of Jiuquan

Henan Gonghe lianman

He Lianan, the Duke of Zhongshan

Shanggu Gonghe company

Guangyang Gong Helian Du Luogu

Dan Yang Gong He Lian Wu Shi Ba

Wuling Gong Helian bald bone

Helian helps

Helian means to replace

He Lianshi, the empress of tuobatao of Taiwu emperor in the Northern Wei Dynasty.

He Lianshi, one of the second younger sisters of Taiwu empress, was the concubine of tuobatao of Taiwu emperor in the Northern Wei Dynasty.

He Lianshi, one of the second younger sisters of Taiwu empress, was the concubine of tuobatao of Taiwu emperor in the Northern Wei Dynasty.

He Lian's family is the wife of Tuoba Su, king of Changshan in the Northern Wei Dynasty.