Huang Xianyu

Huang Xianyu

Huang Xianyu (November 13, 1899 - January 18, 1982), formerly known as Gan Jinying, is of Zhuang nationality. His ancestral home is Fusui County, Guangxi.

Modern Chinese historian, ethnologist, anthropologist and educator is one of the founders of modern Chinese ethnology.

He studied history at Beijing Normal University for nine years, and then studied at Imperial University of Tokyo in Japan. He devoted all his life to the study of history and ethnology for 50 years. He became the founder of Zhuang school, the pioneer of "Bagui school" and the founder of "no slave school" in contemporary history.

He has been engaged in education in University for nearly 50 years. In his later years, he founded Lijiang Amateur University as president.

Before he died, Huang Xianyu was a deputy to the first National People's Congress, a member of the people's Committee of the National People's Congress, a member of the Central Committee for foreign cultural liaison, a member of the Fifth National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference, and a vice president of the first and second China Baiyue Ethnic History Research Association.

Life of the characters

Huang Xianyu (November 13, 1899 - January 18, 1982) is an internationally renowned ethnologist, historian, educator and social activist. Originally named Gan Jinying, Zhuang nationality, native to Fusui County, Guangxi. He was admitted to the third normal school of Guangxi Province in 1922 and Beijing Normal University in 1926. He was taught by Chen Yuan, Qian Xuantong and other famous teachers. After nine years of study in preparatory class, this class and Research Institute. In 1935, he studied in the Research Institute of Imperial University of Tokyo (now Tokyo University) under the tutors of Japanese Oriental historians Hotan Qing and Kato fan. During his study abroad, he got to know Guo Moruo, a Chinese scholar who was staying in Japan at that time. He often talked with each other and learned from each other.

After returning from Japan in November 1937, he has been a professor of history in Guangxi University, Sun Yat sen University, national Guilin Normal University, Guangxi Normal University (now Guangxi Normal University) and other universities. He is "the first university professor of Zhuang nationality" in China. (Note 2) he has been a researcher of Guangxi Institute of education, Dean of discipline of Guangxi University, director of Chinese Department, librarian, and librarian of Guangxi Normal University. During the Anti Japanese War, he was invited to serve as a member of the National Defense Weekly and published many anti Japanese articles. During the period of teaching in Guangxi University and Sun Yat sen University, he organized the "investigation group of Guizhou Guangxi border region" as the head in August 1943, and the "investigation group of Qiannan border people" as the head in April 1945. He went deep into the minority areas of Guizhou and Guangxi provinces for many times and carried out extensive academic investigation activities, becoming one of the pioneers of modern minority field investigation in China. In June 1951, he served as the deputy head of the Guangxi Branch of the Central South China Delegation (head Fei Xiaotong), and went deep into the minority areas of Guangxi to express sympathy and investigate. In March 1952, he led his assistants to investigate the areas of Du'an, Donglan and Nandan. In June 1953, he set up a "working group for the investigation of historical relics of the culture and Education Bureau of the people's Government of Guixi Tongzu autonomous region" in Guangxi University as the group leader. He led the members of the investigation group to Nandan, Tian'e, Hechi, Luocheng and Xincheng, and successively visited and investigated Yao, Maonan, Miao, Zhuang and Mulao ethnic minorities A large number of cultural relics and historical materials have been collected. In August 1956, he participated in the establishment of the "Guangxi minority social and historical investigation group" as the Deputy group leader and the leader of the Zhuang group. He was actually responsible for the academic investigation of the whole group. He led the first large-scale, comprehensive and in-depth investigation of minority history and traditional culture in Guangxi history, collected a large number of precious historical materials, and provided a comprehensive and in-depth study of Zhuang social, historical and cultural It laid the foundation for the establishment of Guangxi Institute for Nationalities and the development of Zhuang studies. In the three stages of "national identification" after the founding of new China, Fei Xiaotong, Huang Xianli, Xia kangnong And so on. And a large number of scholars and ethnic workers have made outstanding contributions. Based on the research results of national ethnic identification, the State Council has announced that there are 55 ethnic minorities in China, including 56 Han nationalities. The determination of ethnic composition through scientific research and the principle of ethnic voluntariness has become a pioneering work in China's ethnic research, and has also attracted extensive attention and high evaluation from the international ethnological circles. " (Note 3)

After the founding of new China in 1949, Huang Xianyu, as the only representative of Guangxi's cultural and educational circles, was elected as the director of the first Chinese people's Association for foreign culture (later renamed as the Chinese people's Association for friendship with foreign countries). He was successively appointed as a member of the people's Government of the Western Guangxi Autonomous Region and a member of the people's Committee of Guangxi Province by the Government Affairs Council of the Central People's government. In July 1957, he attended the "National Symposium on ethnic work" held by the ethnic Committee of the National People's Congress in Qingdao.

On February 1, 1958, the fifth session of the first National People's Congress made a resolution to "ban Xiaotong, Huang Xianli and Ou Baichuan, members of the National Committee of the National People's Congress" (Note 5), thus being wrongly classified as the number one Rightists in the field of Chinese history.

In 1979, after the rightist injustice was completely vindicated, Huang Xianyu was successively elected as a consultant of the first Chinese society of Ethnology (later renamed Chinese society of ethnology), a member of the Committee of Encyclopedia of China · nationalities, a consultant of the first southwest Chinese society of ethnology, a vice president of the first and second Chinese Baiyue society of ethnic history, and a member of the fifth CPPCC National Committee. As a member of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), he did a lot of work to help the government redress the unjust, false and wrong cases.

Huang Xianyu wrote a lot of works in his life, including three volumes of outline of general history of China (co authored), two volumes of foreign history of senior high school, life of peasants in Yuan Dynasty, social outline of Tang Dynasty, Taisheng national salvation movement in Song Dynasty, brief history of Tongzu in Guangxi, introduction to interpretation of ancient books, formation of Han nationality, no slave society in Chinese history (co authored), nongzhigao and Zhuangzi Huang Xianyu's selected academic papers and other works have been published successively, such as "no minefield system in the Zhou Dynasty", "changes of sitting custom in ancient and modern China", "Research on the spread of smoking custom", "Research on the evolution of clothing in China", "essays on education in Guizhou and Guangxi border area", "preliminary research on Yin and Zhou society", "Tusi system in Western Guangxi", "female general of Zhuang nationality Wa's leading troops against Japanese", "Chinese national culture" There are more than 80 historical and Ethnological papers, such as the discussion on the history of ethnic groups without slave society, on the construction of "Chinese life science", the review and thinking of Ethnic Investigation and research in recent 40 years, and on the origin, evolution and similarities and differences of western "ethnic" Terms. The research scope covers Chinese general history, pre Qin history, medieval history, social life history, cultural history, ethnology, linguistics, Zhuang nationality, etc He has profound academic attainments and great pioneering academic achievements in the fields of science and technology. His social outline of Tang Dynasty is recognized as the first monograph on the study of social history of Tang Dynasty in the 20th century. His movement of saving the nation by Taisheng in Song Dynasty is recognized as the first monograph on the study of Chinese students' movement history in the 20th century. He published a large number of articles on the study of social life history in the 1940s This article has become a pioneer achievement in the study of the life history of modern Chinese society; the brief history of the Tong Nationality in Guangxi and the general history of the Zhuang nationality are recognized as the first brief history and general history of the study of the history and culture of the Zhuang Nationality in China; the article "a discussion on the non slave society in the history of our nation" is recognized as the first paper advocating the "non slave society" in the new period of reform and opening up, which has a great influence The book "there is no slave society in Chinese history" is recognized as the first monograph of Chinese academic circles in the 20th century advocating the "slavery free society" in the history of the Chinese nation; the paper "on the construction of" Chinese life science "provides an important guide for the construction of this new academic discipline of Chinese life science. He first put forward the "Guangxi Zhuang Aboriginal theory" and "Nong Zhigao's anti song justice theory", which are all the theories of later scholars, and have now become the final theory; his "jumping theory" that there is no slave society in China's national history has been greatly concerned by the historians. Because of his pioneering contributions in ethnology, Zhuang studies and historiography, Huang Xianyu is known as the "master of Zhuang studies", "one of the founders of modern Chinese Ethnology", "academic leader of Guihai", "leader of Bagui school", "tutor of non slave school" and "academic reputation" Famous at home and abroad.

Huang Xianyu was engaged in higher education all his life. In his later years, he founded Lijiang Amateur University and served as president. He was the pioneer of contemporary private higher education in China and made important contributions to modern academic and national cultural education in China. In November 1999, Guangxi Normal University solemnly held the "symposium to commemorate the centenary of Professor Huang Xianyu's birthday". After the symposium, it compiled and printed the centenary of Professor Huang Xianyu's birthday anthology and published a preliminary study on the interpretation of ancient books - selected academic papers of Professor Huang Xianyu. Guangxi Normal University and Guilin middle school have established "Huang Xianyu minority scholarship" and "Huang Xianyu scholarship" respectively. (note 12)

Resume notes

Note 1: quoted from the article "praising" the good son of the Zhuang people "published by Huang Xianyu's posthumous work" commentary on Wei Baqun ", Nanning daily, October 20, 2008.

Note 2: quoted from the first professor of Zhuang nationality, Guangxi nationalities daily, No. 381, December 31, 1999; the first university professor of Zhuang nationality is a biography of Wei Baqun, China Press and publication, October 22, 2008.

Note 3: it is quoted from Liang Li's ethnoanthropology