Wuhua County, Meizhou City, Guangdong Province

Wuhua County, formerly known as Changle County, was changed to its present name at the beginning of the Republic of China. It belongs to Meizhou City, Guangdong Province. It is located in the northeast of Guangdong Province and the upper reaches of Hanjiang River. It is a part of the hilly area of eastern Guangdong, between 23 ° 23 ′～ 24 ° 12 ′ N and 115 ° 18 ′～ 116 ° 02 ′ E. The county map is slightly triangular. It is bounded by Fengshun, JieXi and Luhe in the southeast, Dongyuan and Zijin in the southwest, Longchuan in the northwest and Xingning in the northeast. The county starts from zhaoyueling of Guotian in the East, ends at changbujixinshi in the west, ends at Xianglu mountain of dengshe in the South and ends at yangtangwei of Xinqiao in the north. It is 71.59 km wide from east to west and 87.99 km long from north to south, with a total area of 3237.8 square kilometers, accounting for 1.47% of the area of Guangdong Province.

Wuhua is one of the cradles of southern Guangdong culture, one of the cradles of Chinese wine making civilization, and the cradles of modern football in mainland China. It enjoys the good reputation of "hometown of culture, hometown of overseas Chinese, hometown of football and hometown of craftsmen". Cultural relics include shixiongshan site, shixiongshan tower, changletai, Changle academy and other cultural protection units; traditional folk culture and art include Wuhua marionette opera, Wuhua Tea Picking Opera, Wuhua bamboo horse dance, Wuhua stone carving and other intangible cultural heritage projects.

Wuhua is a major national agricultural product producing area, a former Central Soviet District County, and a county directly under the jurisdiction of the finance province. Enjoy the national "the former Central Soviet area revitalization and development policy" and the provincial "to promote the revitalization and development of East and northwest Guangdong policy", "Guangzhou Comprehensive Counterpart Assistance Policy" and other development support policies.

At the end of 2019, the registered residence population was 1524633, the resident population was 1093030, and the local general public budget revenue was 1 billion 4 million yuan, an increase of 11.34% over the previous year.

Historical evolution

The pre Qin period belongs to Nanyue. In the Qin, Han and Western Jin Dynasties, it was located in Longchuan County, Nanhai county. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it was Xingning County of Dongguan county. In the Southern Dynasty, it belonged to Qichang County, and in the early Liang Dynasty, it belonged to Xingning county. In Sui Dynasty, it belonged to Xunzhou (zhiguishan County, located in Huizhou City).

In 627 (the first year of Zhenguan reign of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty), the Xunzhou general office was removed. Chaozhou, Shaozhou and Xunzhou under the former Xunzhou general office were all returned to Guangzhou General Office. After that, they were the five general offices of Lingnan in the Tang Dynasty. Xunzhou under the jurisdiction of Guangzhou General Manager's office is equivalent to Xinfeng, Lianping, Heping, Longchuan, Heyuan, Xingning, Wuhua, Lufeng, Haifeng, Huiyang, Huidong, BOLUO, Zijin and the west of Jiexi County in Guangdong Province.

In 917 (the first year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Southern Han Dynasty), it was analyzed that Xunzhou set up Zhenzhou (governing Guishan County, now in Huizhou City), Xunzhou moved to leixiang county (now Longchuan Tuocheng). Heyuan County, BOLUO county and Guishan County belong to Zhenzhou; Qichang county (now Xingning City) is upgraded to Qichang Prefecture; Longchuan County and Xingning county (now Wuhua County) belong to Xunzhou.

In 1071, Changle County was established. According to historical records, in the Western Han Dynasty, Zhao Tuo, the king of Nanyue, built a platform at the foot of Wuhua mountain, which was named changletai. The county government was also named Changle (now Huacheng town), which belongs to Xunzhou. Changle Town was set up at the beginning of the county. It was moved to Qidu jiulonggang in 1149.

In 1292 (the 29th year of the reign of emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty), the county was restored to Changle Town.

In 1369 (the second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty), shunzhou was merged into Huizhou, which is one of the seven counties in Huizhou Prefecture. The city wall was built in the 21st year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty. In 1733 (the 11th year of Yongzheng reign of Qing Dynasty), Changle was changed to Jiaying Zhili Prefecture.

In 1914 (the third year of the Republic of China), because of the same name as Changle County in Fujian Province and Hubei Province, it was renamed Wuhua County. It was named after Wuhua mountain in the territory. It belonged to chaoxun County, and the rule of Taoism was in Chaoan County. In 1936 (the 25th year of the Republic of China), it was the office of the Sixth District administrative inspector of Guangdong Province, and the Sixth District administrative inspector of Guangdong Province, with jurisdiction over nine counties, including Xingning, Meixian, Longchuan, Dapu, Jiaoling, Heping, Pingyuan, Lianping and Wuhua. Because Xingning County, where the administration was stationed, was the old place of Xunzhou, it was known as Xunzhou area. In 1949, it was changed into the Ninth District Office of the Commissioner of administrative supervision.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China in October 1949, it belonged to Xingmei special zone. After 1952, it belongs to eastern Guangdong administrative region. In 1954, the county government moved to Shuizhai town. After 1956, it belonged to Shantou special area. June 1965 belongs to Meixian area. In January 1988, Wuhua was transformed into a city under the jurisdiction of Meizhou city.

administrative division

Wuhua County has 16 towns, including Shuizhai Town, Hedong Town, Guotian Town, Shuanghua Town, Mianyang Town, Anliu Town, Meilin Town, Longcun Town, hengpo Town, Huayang Town, Zhoujiang Town, Changbu Town, tanxia Town, Qiling Town, zhuanshui town and Huacheng Town, 412 villagers' committees, 7390 villagers' groups and 34 residents' committees. The county government is located in Shuizhai town.

List of administrative divisions of Wuhua County by the end of 2019

Note: in January 2014, Daguang and JINGDING natural villages originally under the management of qiqijing forest farm were added to Daguang village of Mianyang town

geographical environment

Location context

Wuhua County is located in the east of Guangdong Province, the upper reaches of Hanjiang River, between 23 ° 23 ′ - 24 ° 12 ′ N and 115 ° 18 ′ - 116 ° 02 ′ E. The county starts from zhaoyueling of Guotian in the East, ends at changbujixinshi in the west, ends at Xianglu mountain of dengshe in the South and ends at yangtangwei of Xinqiao in the north. It is 71.59 km wide from east to west and 87.99 km long from north to south, with a total area of 3226.1 square kilometers. The county map is slightly triangular. It is bounded by Fengshun, JieXi and Luhe in the southeast, Dongyuan and Zijin in the southwest, Longchuan in the northwest and Xingning in the northeast.

climate

Wuhua is a part of hilly area in eastern Guangdong Province. The Tropic of cancer (Tropic of cancer) crosses the southern end of the county. It has a humid monsoon climate in the middle and low latitudes of South Asia. It has abundant sunshine, abundant rainfall, warm and rainy summer and autumn, short winter and early spring, which is conducive to plant growth. From 1979 to 2000, the average annual temperature was 21.2 ℃, the average annual precipitation was 1519.7mm, the average annual thunderstorm days was 77 days, and the frost free period was 330 days. The main meteorological disasters are flood, drought, low temperature frost, cold dew wind, late spring cold, etc.

geology

The geology of Wuhua is complex, mainly including intrusive rock, extrusive rock, Sandy Rock, limestone and granite, which constitute three geomorphic types of mountain, hill and basin. The mountainous area accounts for 49.1%, the hilly area accounts for 41.3%, the valley alluvial plain accounts for 5.4%, and the basin accounts for 4.2%.

basin

There are three peaks in the southwest and East, and the terrain gradually inclines from southwest to northeast. The terrain is divided into western mountainous basin area (from Daimao mountain in the north to nanqin River in the south, from BAIYUNZHANG and Qimuzhang in the west, to maao in the East, including tanxia, Changbu, Zhoujiang, Huayang and Hengpi in the west, Qiling, Huacheng and zhuanshui in the south, Hengpi and Anliu in the west, and Longcun and Meilin in the North); Southeast mountainous hilly area (south of Meijiang river valley plain, east of Qinjiang Valley, including Mianjiang) It is divided into three parts: Yang, Shuanghua, Guotian and Longcun, Meilin, Anliu and Hedong; northern hilly area (the northern part of Meijiang and Wuhua River Valley, including Qiling and Huacheng, zhuanshui and Shuizhai); central valley plain area (including the narrow and long valley belt along Qinjiang and Wuhua River, and valley plain in Wuhua County of Meijiang). Qinjiang River valley plain starts from the north of Meilin in the South and ends at Hedong river mouth in the north, including a part of Meilin, Anliu, Hengpi, Hedong and Shuizhai dam; Wuhua River Valley starts from Languan in the West and ends at Shuizhai dam in the East, including both sides of Qiling, Huacheng, zhuanshui and Shuizhai dam; at the confluence of Qinjiang River and Wuhua River, it is a large Shuizhai plain).

mountain range

Most of the mountains in the territory are northeast to southwest, mainly composed of Lianhua mountains, Western peaks and Northern low mountains. There are 31 peaks with an altitude of more than 1000 meters in the county, the highest of which is Qimuzhang (1318 meters) in the west of the county.

The county is high in the southwest and low in the northeast. Nanling Mountains in the northwest extend from the northwest to the southwest. In the north there is Daimao mountain. In the northwest there are Qimuzhang, Shimaji, Bijiashan and qixingzhang. These high mountains, majestic, winding ups and downs, constitute the northwest natural barrier, and meet to form the boundary of ziwulong river. The highest peak of this mountain range is Qimuzhang, which is 1318 meters above sea level. It is also a branch of Shima mountain, crossing fanluoji in the East and Yangtang mountain in the south, covering Huanglong, Yuanjin, Hengpi, Xiafu and Xikeng. The Lianhua mountains in the southeast extend from south to East, with santianzhang, shengfengzhang, liwangzhang, sanxianyang and hongtuzhang. The mountains are towering and straight, stretching for 80 kilometers. There are 12 peaks above 1000 meters, forming a barrier in the south, Southeast and East, and converging to form the Jielu Huafeng border. This mountain range has not only the footprints of Wen Tianxiang, Prime Minister of Song Dynasty, but also the historic sites around Tianzhu Mountain. Baiyun nunnery on Tiantang mountain is known as "the seventh nunnery of Guangdong famous mountain", and hongtuzhang on baxiang mountain has built the eastern Guangdong TV station.

rivers

The rivers in the county belong to the Qinjiang River System in the Hanjiang River Basin, with a rainfall collection area of more than 10 square kilometers and 98 rivers. The main rivers are Qinjiang River (formerly known as youbie River), with a rainfall collection area of 2871 square kilometers, and Wuhua River (ancient Yuexing Ningjiang River and Xianqian River), with a rainfall collection area of 1832 square kilometers. The two rivers meet at the mouth of Shuizhai estuary, flow eastward out of the country, pass through Xingning and Meixian, and converge at sanheba in Dapu, then flow into Hanjiang River.

natural resources

land resource

The land area of the county is 3226.1 square kilometers, equivalent to 4839150 mu, accounting for 1.81% of the land area of Guangdong Province and 20.37% of Meizhou city. After the reform and opening up, with the economic and social development and the improvement of people's living standards, the pace of transportation, housing, urban and other infrastructure construction is accelerated, and the mountain and cultivated land are reduced. By the end of 2000, the mountainous area was 3640050 mu, which was 5950 Mu less than that in 1985; the cultivated land (water, dry land and dry land) was 476151 mu, which was 22070 Mu less than that in 1985, with an average annual decrease of 1471.3 mu.

mineral resources

There are two main types of deposits in the county: primary deposits and secondary placer deposits. The primary deposits are divided into three types: large vein deposit, thin vein deposit and small vein deposit

Chinese PinYin : Guang Dong Sheng Mei Zhou Shi Wu Hua Xian