Dengzhou City, Nanyang City, Henan Province

Dengzhou City, directly managed by Henan Province and managed by Nanyang City, is the regional central city of Danjiangkou reservoir area determined by the State Council. It is located in the southwest of Henan Province, between 32 ° 22 ′～ 32 ° 59 ′ N and 111 ° 37 ′～ 111 ° 20 ′ e, with a total area of 2369 square kilometers. Dengzhou has a subtropical monsoon continental climate. As of June 2020, Dengzhou city has jurisdiction over 3 streets, 21 towns and 3 townships, and the municipal government is stationed in Huazhou street.

Zhongkang, the third emperor of the Xia Dynasty, granted his son Deng, which was the first state of Deng. Deng county was established in Qin Dynasty, and Dengzhou was changed in Sui Dynasty. In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), Dengzhou was changed to Deng County, belonging to the south of Henan Province. On November 17, 1988, with the approval of the State Council of China, Deng county was abolished and Dengzhou city (county-level city) was established, which was managed by Nanyang. In 2011, it was identified by the provincial government as one of the ten counties and cities directly under the jurisdiction of the province. Jiaozhi railway, er Guang highway, Deng Nei highway, 207 National Highway, three provincial highways, Zheng Wan high speed railway and Meng Hua railway pass through the city. In July 2019, Dengzhou city successfully applied for the second batch of national rural industrial integration development demonstration parks. There are many tourist attractions in the city, such as Huazhou academy, West mosque, crescent pool and so on.

In October 2020, it was rated as the national model city (county) of double support.

Historical evolution

About Dengzhou, there are records in Shanhaijing and Shiji. According to the Yangshao cultural site of Baligang discovered in Dengzhou, it is inferred that human beings lived in Dengzhou more than 6400 years ago.

In the Xia, Shang, Western Zhou and early spring and autumn dynasties, the capital of Deng state was in Dengzhou. Deng state also had a subsidiary state, the state of Ji (now the north of Xiangyang City). In the 12th year of King Wen of Chu (678 BC), the state of Chu destroyed Deng state, ending the 1274 year history of Deng state. Then the state of Chu set up "Ji Yi" in the area of today's city of Dengzhou with the meaning of "he Shi Feng Deng" ）In 296 B.C., the state of Qin defeated the Republic of Korea and seized the capital of Chou,

In 272 BC, Nanyang County (Zhiwan) was set up and Dengzhou was subordinate to it. At that time, there were three counties in Dengzhou, namely, Zao county (governing the southeast corner of the inner city of today's Dengzhou), Shandu county (governing the ancient village of today's Goulin) and Deng County (governing the south of today's Goulin).

In the second year of Jian'an (197) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Cao led the army to launch the "battle of Wancheng", encircling Zhang Xiu. In 208, Cao Cao excavated a grain transporting River (now xiaocaohe River) in the southern suburb of Liaocheng, and used Dengzhou as a rear granary to transport grain and grass for the battle of Chibi.

In the northern and Southern Dynasties, Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty took advantage of Dengzhou's location, geography, products and other comprehensive strategies. In 497, he moved Jingzhou, which had been located in the south of the Han River before the northern and Southern Dynasties, to Zao (in 494, he moved to Luoyang due to the need of military deployment), and governed eight counties and 41 counties for 37 years. Then Zao became the political, economic and cultural center of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the largest jurisdiction in Dengzhou history From the third year of kaihuang of Sui Dynasty to the first year of Qianyuan (758) of suzong of Tang Dynasty, the period of Tang Dynasty was 175 years.

In the first year of Kaiping (907), Zhu Wen, the emperor of Liang Dynasty, abolished Tang Dynasty and established Houliang. In May of the third year of Kaiping (909), Dengzhou was promoted to Xuanhua junjiedu (equivalent to a provincial administrative organ). The military region was located in Zao. It was under the jurisdiction of bizhou, Suizhou, Fuzhou (now Tianmen City in Hubei Province), Jiazhou and Dengzhou. It was under the jurisdiction of Zao, Nanyang, Xiangcheng, lintuan, Neixiang, Jutan, Xichuan Shunyang (Li Guanqiao) and Xinye are nine counties. In the first year of Tongguang (923), Xuanhua army was renamed as "Weisheng army", and in the third year of Guangshun (953), wusheng army was also renamed as "wusheng army". Wusheng army was established in Dengzhou for 323 years, which was the political, economic, military and cultural center of Nanyang basin for 225 years.

At the beginning of the Northern Song Dynasty, there were still "wusheng army" (Zhidan), which led the county, Neixiang and Nanyang. During the reign of Emperor Huizong in Chongning (1102-1106), he had jurisdiction over five counties, namely, Nao, Nanyang, Neixiang, Shunyang and Xichuan. In the second year of Zhenghe (1112), he promoted Dengzhou, formerly known as Shangjun, to Wangjun. On November 14, 1045, Fan Zhongyan took office in Dengzhou;

In the early Southern Song Dynasty, Deng still returned to the Song Dynasty. In November of 1141, the Song Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty negotiated peace, and the Southern Song Dynasty became a minister to the Jin Dynasty. Dengzhou was ceded to the state of Jin. With 40 Li to the West and 40 Li to the south of Dengzhou as the boundary, Dengzhou was in the forefront of the Jin Dynasty. It had set up three markets (trading places) to exchange market with the Southern Song Dynasty. In 1161, the Jin Dynasty was defeated by the song army, and Dengzhou returned to the Southern Song Dynasty. Two years later, the Jin people invaded the south, and this area returned to the state of Jin.

In the Jin Dynasty, Dengzhou belonged to Nanjing Road, which was governed by Zhou, and wusheng army was established here. Dengzhou had jurisdiction over three counties: Zao (including Shunyang, Xinye, Wandong and Banqiao), Nanyang (including Zhangcun) and Neixiang (including Xixiakou).

From the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty to the 10th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1273), Dengzhou belonged to Xiangyang Prefecture. In 1279, Dengzhou was under the jurisdiction of Nanyang Prefecture of Zhongshu Province in the North Bank of the Yangtze River in Henan Province. The Prefecture was governed by Nanyang (now Wancheng District), and the Prefecture was still under the jurisdiction. There are six counties in the original area, such as Nao, Nanyang, Neixiang, Xichuan, Xixia, Shunyang, etc. After that, he led three counties, namely, Zao, Xinye and Neixiang. Its jurisdiction is equivalent to today's Dengzhou city and Xinye, Neixiang, Xixia, Xichuan and other counties.

In the Ming Dynasty, Dengzhou belonged to Si Nanyang's office. Hongwu two years (1369) in February, waste county. In November of 1380, the county was restored. Fourteen years (1381) in May, the restoration of provincial county into the state, county since then no longer set up. The three counties are Xinye, Neixiang and Xichuan.

In the Qing Dynasty, Dengzhou still belonged to Si Nanyang's office. After Yongzheng, it was a Sanzhou Buling county.

In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), Dengzhou was changed to Deng County, belonging to the south of Henan Province. In 1914, it was changed to Ruyang road. In 1927, it was directly under the Henan provincial government. In 1933, it was designated as the sixth administrative supervision area of Henan Province.

In 1947, the Chinese people's liberation army occupied the southwest of Henan Province. In December, Deng county was set up in Henan Province. In January 1948, dengbei county was established. In September, dengxi county was established. In January 1949, dengxi county was abolished, and its jurisdiction belonged to dengbei county and Dengxian county respectively. In March, Deng county and dengbei County merged into Deng County, belonging to Nanyang special district of Henan Province.

In December 1972, 56 production teams and 573 production teams from jiuzhong and Houpo communes were assigned to Xichuan County.

On November 17, 1988, with the approval of the State Council of China, Deng county was abolished and Dengzhou city (county level) was established, which was still managed by Nanyang city.

In 2004, the Henan provincial government approved Dengzhou city to enjoy the economic and social management authority of all cities under the jurisdiction of the province, and it is a city with separate economic status.

In 2011, it was identified as one of the ten counties and cities directly under the jurisdiction of Henan provincial government.

administrative division

By June 2020, Dengzhou city has three streets, 21 towns and three townships: Gucheng street, Huazhou street, Tuanhe street, Luozhuang Town, Jitan Town, Wandong Town, Menglou Town, Linba Town, Goulin Town, Shilin Town, Zhangcun Town, Dusi Town, Zhaoji Town, Liuji Town, Sangzhuang Town, Pengqiao Town, Bainiu Town, Yaodian Town, Jiulong Town, Wenqu Town, Gaoji Town, Xiaji town and Taoying town In addition, there is another tourism management area: Xingshan tourism management area. The Municipal People's government is located in Huazhou street.

geographical environment

Location context

Dengzhou city is located in the western part of Nanxiang basin in the southwest of Henan Province. It is adjacent to Wolong District and Xinye County of Nanyang City in the East, Xichuan County in the west, Xiangyang City and Laohekou City of Hubei Province in the south, Neixiang County and Zhenping county in the north. It is between 32 ° 22 ′ - 32 ° 59 ′ N and 111 ° 37 ′ - 111 ° 20 ′ E. It is 69 kilometers long from north to South and 67 kilometers wide from east to west, with a total area of 2369 square kilometers.

topographic features

Dengzhou belongs to Nanxiang basin. The crystalline basement is composed of Cambrian, Ordovician and Silurian of Lower Paleozoic. The upper overburden is Mesozoic Cretaceous and Cenozoic tertiary and Quaternary. The terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, with a slow slope from west to East. The average slope is 1 / 800 ~ 1 / 1200. The area is mainly plain, with low mountains and ridges. The plain area is 1371 square kilometers, accounting for 58.1%, and the ridge area is 953 square kilometers, accounting for 40.4%. The highest point of Zhulian mountain is 469.7 meters above sea level, and the lowest point is 85 meters above sea level, with an average of 120 meters. In the north, West and southwest, there are ridges and mountains, and in the middle and East, there are alluvial plains.

climate

Dengzhou city is a subtropical monsoon continental climate, affected by the monsoon conversion, the four seasons change clearly, warm and humid. The average annual precipitation is about 723 mm, the average annual temperature is about 15.1 ℃, the average annual sunshine is 1935 hours, and the average frost free period is 229 days.

hydrology

There are Diao River, Tuan River, Yanling River and Zhao River in Dengzhou City, with an average annual flow of 850 million cubic meters and an annual flow of 380 million cubic meters. The average precipitation of the whole city is about 730 mm, and the average annual runoff depth is 170.7 mm. The surface runoff with 20%, 50%, 75% and 95% guarantee rates are 594 million cubic meters, 351 million cubic meters, 214 million cubic meters and 90 million cubic meters respectively.

The storage temperature of the shallow groundwater in Dengzhou city is 237 million cubic meters, and the recharge form is not enough

Chinese PinYin : He Nan Sheng Nan Yang Shi Deng Zhou Shi