Sugar cane

Sugar cane

(bielu)

[synonyms] sweet potato cane (Nandu Fu), dry cane (Nanfang vegetative), jiechangcao (Chongqing Tang essays), cane cane cane (suixiju diet), sugar cane (pharmacology of traditional Chinese Medicine).

[source] stem of sugarcane, a gramineous plant.

[plant morphology] sugarcane

Perennial herbs. Stem erect, stout, solid, 2-4 meters high, 2-5 cm in diameter, green, yellowish or lavender, often covered with white powder. The leaf blade is broad and long, 0.5-1 m long and 2.5-5 cm wide, with rough both sides, rough margin or small sharp teeth, thick midrib, white, hairy sheath mouth. Panicle large, 40-80 cm long, white, on the top of culm, peduncle glabrous; branches slender, 10-80 cm long, internode glabrous; spikelet 3-4 mm long, peduncle glabrous; basal disc minute, covered with white filiform long hairs, hairs about twice as long as spikelet; first glume glabrous, nearly papery; second glume about as long as first glume; sterile floret neutral; lemma of fruiting floret very narrow Palea small, lanceolate. In spring, there is heading.

It is widely planted in temperate and tropical regions. It is cultivated in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Anhui, Jiangxi, Zhejian, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, etc.

The stem husk (sugarcane husk), the dregs after syrup extraction (sugarcane dregs) and the tender buds growing between the stem nodes (sugarcane chicken) of this plant are also used for medicine. See the special section for details.

[collection] harvest after autumn and cut the aboveground parts. Cut off the upper leaves and tie them up. Put them in a dark and airless place to keep moisture.

[chemical composition] each 100g edible part contains 84g of water, 0.2g of protein, 0.5g of fat, 12g of carbohydrate, 8mg of calcium, 4mg of phosphorus and 1.3mg of iron. There are many kinds of amino acids in sugarcane juice, including aspartic acid, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine, alanine, valine, leucine, n-leucine, lysine, hydroxybutyric acid, glutamine, proline, tyrosine, cystine, phenylalanine and gamma aminobutyric acid. It also contains methyl fumaric acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, aconitic acid, glycolic acid, malic acid, citric acid and oxalic acid. The content of aconitic acid was higher in the upper part of sugarcane stem (0.835%), followed by the middle part (0.205%) and the lower part (0.125%). In addition, vitamin B1 (236-563 μ g / 100 g, dry weight), B2 (110-330 μ g / 100 g, dry weight) and B6 (10 μ g / 100 g, fresh weight) were found in the top of sugarcane stem. The content of vitamin B6 in stem nodes was also higher than that in upper stem nodes. The stem also contains vitamin C.

The extracted bagasse contains polysaccharides (2.6 g / 2.6 kg) which have inhibitory effect on Ehrlich carcinoma and sarcoma-180 in mice. It is mainly composed of 5-carbon sugar and 6-carbon sugar (0.55 g / 1.2 kg in the molasses produced in the process of making cane sugar).

Sugarcane leaves contain vitamin C, aconitic acid, etc. In addition to β - sitosterol, stigmasterol and rapeseed oil sterol, 4 α - methyl-24-methylene-γ - cholesterol and α 1-sitosterol are also contained in the wax.

Sweet and cold.

① Bielu: "Gan, Ping, non-toxic. "

② Rihuazi materia medica: "cold. "

③ "The picture of Materia Medica in South Yunnan" says: "it has sweet smell, slightly cold nature and no poison. "

④ "Gangmu": "sweet and astringent, flat, non-toxic. "

[channel tropism] entering lung and stomach channels.

① In the book of Materia Medica, it is said that "to start with, to go to Taiyin, to go to yangmingjing. "

② New edition of materia medica: "into the spleen, lung, intestines and intestines. "

③ According to Bencao Zaixin, "it enters the liver and spleen meridians. "

Functions and indications: eliminate heat, generate fluid, lower Qi and moisten dryness. It is used to treat fever, body injury, upset and thirsty, nausea and vomiting, lung dry cough and stool dry knot. And detoxify.

① Bielu: "it can control the lower Qi and the middle Qi, help the spleen and stomach, and benefit the large intestine. "

② "Dietotherapy Materia Medica": "it is mainly used to replenish qi and lower Qi. "

③ Rihuazi materia medica: "it can benefit the small intestine, lower Qi and dysentery, invigorate the spleen, eliminate phlegm and quench thirst, and remove upset and heat. "

④ Daily use materia medica: "stop deficiency, heat and thirst, detoxify alcohol. "

⑤ "Diannan Materia Medica": "treat all kinds of sores, carbuncle and back, mash and apply it; juice: treat trance, restless, apoplectic aphasia, and boil underwater. And boil food, and stomach better. "

⑥ According to the picture of Materia Medica in southern Yunnan, "taking the same ginger juice can relieve tetrodotoxin. "

⑦ According to Bencao Zaixin, "He Zhong Qing Huo, Ping Gan Jian Pi, Sheng Jin Zhi Ke, Zhi Tuxie, malaria, dysentery, Xie Chuang Huo Zhu Du. "

⑧ According to the Diet Manual of suixiju: "it can benefit the throat, strengthen the muscles and bones, relax the wind and nourish the blood, and greatly tonify the spleen and Yin. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: sugarcane juice, 2-4 Liang. External use: tamping.

[should avoid] take it with caution if the spleen and stomach are deficient and cold.

① "The classic of materia medica:" stomach cold vomiting, full of slippery discharge of taboo. "

② "Materia medica Huiyan:" eat more for a long time, good at damp fire, for phlegm, distension, vomiting, cough disease. "

[formula selection] 1. To treat fever, dry mouth and astringent urination: sugarcane, peeled, eaten and juiced. If you have a stomachache, pound the juice and take it. (waitai)

② Anti stomach, morning food and evening vomiting, evening food and morning vomiting, rotary vomiting: seven liters of sugarcane juice, one liter of ginger juice. The two flavors are harmonious and can be divided into three types. (Mei Shi Ji Yi Fang)

③ Treatment of stroke retching: cane juice, warm to heat, take one liter, three days. (behind the elbow)

④ Treatment of deficiency heat cough, dry mouth: sugarcane juice 1.5 liter, green sorghum rice four. Porridge, solar eclipse twice, very moist heart and lung. (compendium)

Chinese PinYin : Gan Zhe